Front cover image for Root & branch : African Americans in New York & east Jersey, 1613-1863

Root & branch : African Americans in New York & east Jersey, 1613-1863

A history of African Americans in New York City and its rural environs from the arrival of the first African in 1613 to the Bloody Draft Riots of 1863. It explores the twin themes of freedom and servitude, city and countryside, and work, religion and resistance that shaped life in the region.
Print Book, English, ©1999
University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, ©1999