...conditions placed the blame for the war on Germany. Clause 231, the so-called War Guilt Clause, stated that: The Allied and Associated Governments affirm and Germany...imposed upon them by the aggression of Germany and her allies.73 As such, the Allied and Associated Powers required Germany to pay substantial war reparations....

...was also affected by the Versailles Treaty, which forced Germany to accept full responsibility for "all the loss and damage to which the Allied and Associated...imposed upon them by the aggression of Germany and her allies."6 And perhaps even more problematically, the Versailles Treaty also required Germany to compensate...

...Germany toward economic collapse in the late 1920s. The victorious parties agreed in the treaty that "Germany accepts the responsibility of Germany and her allies for causing all the loss and damage" of the war.73 In his criticism of the economic clauses of the Treaty of Versailles, Churchill described...

...of the part dealing with reparations (section VIII, kindly brought to my attention by Wim Roobol): 'The Allied and Associated Governments affirm and...imposed upon them by the aggression of Germany and her allies.' Asymmetrically, a set of governments (representing states and their nationals) is juxtaposed...

...Versailles. In addition, reparations were to be paid to the Allies based on Article 231 of the treaty: "The Allied and Associated Governments affirm and...imposed upon them by the aggression of Germany and her allies." The war guilt article also accused Kaiser Wilhelm II of crimes against international morality....

...Article 231 of the treaty, as is well known, required Germany and her Allies to accept responsibility 'for causing all the loss and damage to which the...been subjected as a consequence of the war imposed on them by the aggression of Germany and her allies'. This clause, expressing merely what was selfevident...

...reparations is the case of Germany in the aftermath of the Great War. Germany accepted responsibility for causing all the loss and damage to which the Allied and Associate Governments and their nationals have been subjected as a consequence of the war imposed upon...