know under what appellation it is now to be sought for. The context of the allusion which I refer to proves that it was in the vicinity of the once celebrated kingdom of Cambay, and the passage itself is as follows: Latè propagata ejus victoriæ fama impulerit Narsingæ regem ad ejus amicitiam, foedusque petendum." It occurs in a short account of the glorious actions of John de Castro, the fourth Portuguese viceroy of India, introduced in an old work on the planet Venus, entitled, "Hesperi et Phosphori Nova Phænomena." The relation of the death of this great warrior, notwithstanding a tinge of superstition, is so remarkable that I am tempted to extract it :

"Demum in complexu ejusdem Xaverii (the celebrated Francis Xavier) obiit piissimè 6 Junii, 1640. prorex Indiarum: cujus in thesauro domestico nihil repertum, praeter instrumenta poenarum quibus corpus in servitutem redigeret, et argenteos nummos tres: erogato scilicet in pauperes sui muneris stipendio, omnique censu, si quid supererat usui frugali Ducis abstinentissimi ad vitae necessitates.' p. 52.

Hoping that these remarks may not appear too irrelevant for your pages, I remain, Sir, yours truly,

GLOUCESTER MUSIC MEETING.

SIR, I know that many excellent persons object strongly to the performance of oratorios in cathedrals, but I must say, with all due respect to superior and older minds, that I cannot subscribe to this feeling. They bid us look at the private characters of the performers; but it strikes me that we are not necessitated to look into them further than the spirit of the twenty-sixth article of our blessed church would guide us. But while I would humbly attend upon the performances of sacred music, I do feel great abhorrence at the idea of being invited afterwards to attend at a grand fancy dress ball. I think that the two things are so completely at variance, that if I was to attend in quick succession at both, I cannot see how I could escape the charge of being led away by excitement, and certainly, with the American revivalists, come under, very justly, the sore and vulgar lash of Mrs. Trollope. And yet advertisements have been going the round of the newspapers, to the effect that on the last day of the Gloucester music meeting (a charity for the orphans of clergymen) a grand fancy dress ball will take place.

I only hope that clergymen who read your Magazine will have profited by the correspondence on the ball-room, which I believe I may say I was the means of introducing. That correspondence has been temperately and judiciously conducted, and I am rejoiced to find that the pen of "Clericus Felix" is about to give us a work entirely devoted to the subject. There is much yet to be said, and surely it is a topic of uncommon interest, and great practical utility. I trust that no clergyman will attend the fancy ball at Gloucester, nor do I imagine that they will. I am, Sir, your humble servant,

Cheltenham, Aug. 11.

CLERICUS JUVENIS.

On going into Wight's shop here, I find that the little work will be out long before your pages are before the public, or that the Gloucester meeting takes place.

ST. DAVID'S CATHEDRAL.

SIR, Three of the Welsh cathedrals, Llandaff, St. Asaph, and St. David's, are so much out of the way of travellers, that very little is known about them, and many people perhaps take it for granted there can be little in them worthy of their attention.

However, I trust that the following account of a late visit to St. David's may not be without interest to some of your readers; and I should be glad and thankful if some of your correspondents would be induced to let us know more of the other two, which I have never had the satisfaction of seeing, and probably may never see.

Any one who has noticed the situation of St. David's will probably form no very incorrect notion of the country about it. Exposed to the sea-winds on every side but one, it is (as one might suppose) almost without a tree. Nevertheless, the drive to St. David's from Haverford West, over sixteen miles of hilly country and indifferent road, is very far from being void of beauty. After passing an ancient ruin, called Roach Castle, standing on very high ground, of which little remains but one tower, I found a magnificent sea-view opening before me. There is another promontory of Pembrokeshire, that runs out nearly parallel to this, though scarcely extending so far into the These opposite shores are of some height, and rugged, and they terminate in an island called Schoman, with projecting rocks, about which the sea seems to be always boiling.

sea.

Even before I reached Roach Castle, I perceived before me a very remarkable sharp-pointed ridge of hills, apparently of bare rock. I did not then know that these hills were very near to the cathedral which it was my object to visit.

One of the most remarkable features of the country is, the frequent recurrence of little valleys, sloping down to the sea, such as are called cwms in Wales, and chines in the Isle of Wight. One of these which we passed was considerably wider than the others. Here the road runs along the sands for a short distance; and from hence we could see more of the shore, along the ridge of which we were to pursue our journey. They are apparently of a very hard rock, and rise to the height of three or four hundred feet; and here and there was a little islet which looked as if it had been broken off the shore. The day was very fine, and a little breeze made the view the more beautiful.

We passed afterwards a deep winding glen, with a little cove, into which the sea runs up at high-water. This place, which is called Solva, seemed to be a great harbour for fishing-boats; and the number of cottages built on the sides of the glen, mixed as they were with dissenters' meeting-houses, reminded me forcibly of some of the manufacturing villages in the most picturesque parts of Gloucestershire. This was the only place, as far as I can remember, where we saw more than two or three houses in the course of this stage, till we reached St. David's itself.

St. David's, though entitled by virtue of its cathedral to the name of a city, is in size and appearance merely a large, straggling village; but we had the comfort of finding the little inn a very pleasant place to stay at. I arrived on a Saturday evening, and went down very

soon after to look at the cathedral, which is not above three or four hundred yards from the inn. It stands in a very deep valley, so deep that the tower, though quite of the usual height, rises but very little above the general level of the country around. This valley, which is, in fact, the close, is entered by an ancient, ruinous gateway, in which we could discern the remains of some beautiful arches. It is after passing through this that one first sees the body of the cathedral, as well as the ruins that stand near it. For adjoining the western end of the cathedral, and reaching to a very considerable extent along the bottom of the valley, are the remains of the ancient palace, built, as it is said, in the reign of Edward III. by Bishop Gower, who also erected another magnificent residence for his successors in the see at Lamphey, near Pembroke. This ruin, with its long range of small pointed arches, would have fixed my attention, and excited my curiosity, had there not been another object of so much deeper interest in the cathedral itself. Near these ruins, but rather more to the south, there are several sycamores; the effect they have on the scene can only be conceived by those who have travelled for some distance in a bleak and barren country, and have suddenly come upon some spot of a very different character. There are also one or two small, verdant looking meadows, very unlike the general aspect of this neighbourhood.

I was surprised at the size of the cathedral, which I should judge to be considerably larger than Hereford. It is of the usual formthe cross. I observed the roof was gone from nearly all the eastern extremity, beyond the transepts and the choir. The western end, which has been repaired of late years, is in a much more perfect state; and there we admired some beautiful specimens of the simple lancet arch, which is the characteristic feature of the churches in Pembrokeshire; though this western front is not perhaps (as a whole) restored in very good taste. As we went round to the north side, we saw another ruin, like that of a smaller church, which put me a little in mind of the appearance of St Margaret's, close to Westminster Abbey. This I afterwards learnt was the chapel of a college called St. Mary's, founded by Bishop Houghton, A.D. 1388, and once comprising a master and seven fellows. When it was determined, some years since, to found a college for the education of the Welsh clergy, some persons (as I have heard) suggested St. David's as the natural and most proper situation. The suggestion was, however, overruled, and the college built at Lampeter, many miles from thence. From this ruined chapel I had a very good view of the northern transept, the window of which is now filled up with lath and plaster, some of the. laths lying open to view; and the only light is a small rectangular window, of the very homeliest modern construction. It was too late to see the inside of the cathedral that evening.

On the following day (Sunday) there was service and sermon,

The length of the whole building within the walls is 307 feet; of the nave, 129; choir and chancel, 98; breadth of nave, 69 feet 6 inches; dimensions of each transept, 47 by 33.

morning and evening, in the nave, for the parishioners,-for the nave is their parish church,-and there were two English services in the choir. I found that all four were to be performed by one and the same clergyman. The precentor or canon, when there is one in residence, usually preaches the English sermon in the choir, but was prevented by indisposition the Sunday I was there. But I was told that it is not very unusual for the perpetual curate, who is also a vicar choral, to perform the whole of this laborious duty. I went to the cathedral service. The psalms and hymns were sung as usual by the choir, but the prayers were not chaunted, nor the amen. An anthem was introduced between the communion service and sermon. I observed that the officiating minister read the litany from a litany desk in the middle of the choir, kneeling to the east; and that after the sermon he returned to the altar to read the prayer for the church militant, according to the rubric. There was no anthem in the evening service, but the psalms and hymns were sung as in the morning. I found the next morning that on week days there is no singing at all, though a few of the choristers attend to read the responses. The service this day was read by another vicar choral, who I was told is incumbent or curate of some adjoining parish.

After service on that day, I went over the interior. The roof of the nave is supported by six magnificent Norman arches on each side. All these are perfectly round, except the two against the western end, which are a little pointed. All are richly worked, every one differing from the other in the pattern. Above these is another row of smaller arches of the same beautiful character, two upon each one of those below, so as on each side to make up again the sacred number of twelve. Within these, and reaching half-way up their height, are twice as many pointed arches, of a simple Gothic character, so that of these there are four-and-twenty on each side. The stone of which the cathedral is built is of a reddish grey; but these columns and arches in the nave are very thickly coated with whitewash. I inquired of my guide why this had been done; and his answer was, that it was on account of some order that came out a few years since, that all places should be whitewashed on account of "a catching complaint" then prevailing. The ceiling is of Irish oak, and most richly carved; it seemed to me the most beautiful I have ever seen: I wish that I knew in what way to describe it. The choir, which is approached as usual by several steps, is small, compared with our English cathedrals, but very lofty. The roof richly painted; the arches here, of which there again are two rows, are all pointed, but the work on them is not unlike that on the arches in the nave. stalls of the precentor, canon, and archdeacons, are arranged much as usual; but our guide seemed pleased to shew me that even the bottoms of the seats were elaborately ornamented with figures of animals and other devices. The bishop's throne is unusually magnificent; it contains three seats, the middle one higher than those at the side; the purpose of this I could not learn. The altar is considerably elevated, there are several steps leading up to it, and that part of the choir is paved with Roman tile.

The

In front of the altar, but at some distance from it, is the tomb of the Earl of Richmond, the father of Henry VII.; and on the left hand side (as you go up) is the shrine of St. David, who, in the fifth century, removed the metropolitan seat from Caerleon, in Monmouthshire, to this place, for the sake of greater retirement. The shrine is plain, but in good preservation. There are besides two tombs of the Tudors in the choir.

In one of the trausepts are several curious pieces of stone work, a very old font of dark stone in a dilapidated condition, and under some modern stairs leading up to a sort of gallery or organ-loft were two or three very curious and beautiful pieces of stone work, found, as we were told, in different parts of the cathedral; one of these represented the crucifixion. There is another font in the nave, with several stone steps up to it. Here I conclude the children are now christened, for I saw a leaden basin in it; but the glaziers, who were then mending the windows, had put some glass and a hat into it. Against the northern transept, and adjoining the north side of the chancel, is the chapter room, which has a handsome ceiling of groined stone work. Our guide told me there were no books of any value there, except some journals of parliament, the ponderous folios of which filled the lower shelves. However, I saw among the smaller books the two epistles of St. Clement, Lactantius, and a translation of the epistles of St. Cyprian, by a person named Marshall, in the early part of the last century, which I never saw before. I have already said that most of the eastern extremity had lost its roof; however, there is one chapel or oratory immediately at the eastern end of the choir, the ceiling of which is preserved, and is a beautiful and perfect specimen of florid Gothic. It was built by Bishop Vaughan, in the reign of Henry the Eighth; and here he was buried. The side aisles adjoining are quite unroofed, but the walls are not in very bad preservation, and here are one or two remarkable monuments. The Lady Chapel is in just the same state; this is situated, as usual, at the very extremity to the east, and is (as I should judge) nearly as large as that at Gloucester. When I had thus gone over all the interior, I walked once more round the outside; and when I had looked for some time at its roofless, mouldering walls, so singularly beautiful in their "deep decay," though disfigured in some places by such attempts as have been made to preserve them, I went away thinking sadly to myself what will be the state of our cathedrals a century hence, should any portion of that property which has been consecrated to their preservation be now taken away. I remain, Sir, your obedient servant,

G. P.

ADVICE OF THE BISHOPS TO POPE JULIUS III.

MY DEAR SIR,-Will you allow me to say a word or two on the "Advice" to Pope Julius III., quoted in your Magazine for August,

p. 175.

It was, I believe, first published in English in the year 1688, in quarto, under the title of "The State of the Church of Rome when