Severus is declared Cesar on the abdication

of Dioclesian and Maximian, i. 352. His
defeat and death, 359.
Severus is appointed general of the cavalry
in Gaul, under Julian, ii. 191.
Shepherds and warriors, their respective
modes of life compared, iii. 11.
Shiites, a sect of Mahometans, their dis-
tinction from the Sonnites, v. 189.
Siberia, extreme coldness of the climate,
and miserable state of the natives of, iii.
20. Is seized and occupied by the Tar-
tars, vi. 179.

Sicily, reflections on the distractions in
that island, i. 254. Is conquered by the
Saracens, v. 313. Introduction of the
silk manufacture there, 341. Exploits
of the Normans there, 422. Is conquered
by count Roger, 433. Roger, son of the
former, made king of, 449. Reign of
William the Bad, 457. Reign of Wil-
liam the Good, 458. Conquest of, by
the emperor Henry VI. 460. Is subdued
by Charles of Anjou, iv. 135. The Si-
cilian Vespers, 138.
Sidonius Apollinaris the poet, bis humour-
ous treatment of the capitation tax, ii.
116. His character of Theodoric king
of the Visigoths in Gaul, iii. 376. His
panegyric on the emperor Avitus, 379.
His panegyric on the emperor Anthe-
mius, 393.

Sigismond, king of the Burgundians, mur-
ders his son, and is canonized, iii. 472.
Is overwhelmed by an army of Franks,
ib.
Silentiarius, Paul, his account of the vari-
ous species of stone and marble employ-
ed in the church of St. Sophia at Con-
stantinople, iv. 78, note.

Silk, first manufactured in China, and then
in the small Grecian island of Ceos, iv.
61. A peculiar kind of silk procured
from the pinna marina, 62. The silk-
worm, how introduced to Greece, 65.
Progress of the manufacture of, in the
tenth century, v. 341.

Simeon, persecutor of the Paulicians,
becomes a proselyte to their opinions,
v. 377.

Simeon, king of Bulgaria, his exploits, v.
391.

Simeon Stylites, the hermit, his extraordi-
nary mode of life, iii. 430.

Simony, an early instance of, ii. 47, note.
Simplicius, one of the last surviving pagan
philosophers of Athens, his writings and
character, iv. 95.

Singara, battle of, between the emperor

Singeric, brother of Sarus, is made king of
the Goths, iii. 251.

Singidunum is perfidiously taken by Baian
chagan of the Avars, iv. 348.
Sirmium is perfidiously taken by Baian
chagan of the Avars, iv. 348.
Siroes deposes and murders his father
Chosroes II. king of Persia, iv. 379. His
treaty of peace with the emperor Hera-
clius, ib.

Sisebut, a Gothic king of Spain, persecutes
the Jews there, i. 330.
Sixtus V. pope, character of his adminis-
tration, vi. 411.

Slave, strange perversion of the original
sense of that appellation, v. 388.
Slaves, among the Romans, who, and their
condition described, i. 51.

Slavery, personal, imposed on captives by
the barbarous nations, iii. 481.
Sleepers, seven, narrative of the legendary
tale of, iii. 309.

Smyrna, capture of, by Tamerlane, vi.

215.

Solomon, king of the Jews, not the author
of the book which bears the name of his
Wisdom, ii. 236. Reasons for supposing
he did not write either the book
of Ecclesiastes or the Proverbs, iv. 118,
note.

Solomon, the eunuch, relieves the Roman

province in Africa, from the depreda-
tions of the Moors, iv. 121. Revolt of
his troops at Carthage, 200. Is de-
feated and killed by Antalus the Moor,
202.

Solyman, caliph of the Saracens, under-
takes the siege of Constantinople, v.
285. His enormous appetite, and death,

287.

Sonnites, in the Mahometan religion, their
tenets, v. 189.

Sopator, a Syrian philosopher, beheaded
by Constantine the Great, on a charge
of binding the wind by magic, ii. 263,
note.

Sophia, the widow of Justin II. her con-
spiracy against the emperor Tiberius, iv.
316.

Sophia, St. foundation of the church of,

at Constantinople, iv. 76. Its descrip-
tion, 77. Is converted into a mosque,
vi. 329.

Sophian, the Arab, commands the first
siege of Constantinople, v. 282.
Sophronia, a Roman matron, kills herself
to escape the violence of Maxentius, i.
368, note.

Sortes Sanctorum, a mode of Christian di-
vination, adopted from the pagans, iii.
467, note.

Soul, uncertain opinions of the ancient
philosophers as to the immortality of, i.
40s. This doctrine more generally re-
ceived among the barbarous nations,
and for what reason, 410. Was not
taught by "Moses, ib. Four different
prevailing doctrines as to the origin of,
iv. 385, note.

Sozopetra destroyed by the Greek emperor
Theophilus, v. 318.

Spain, the province of, described, i. 33.
Great revenues raised from this pro-
vince by the Romans, 153. Is ravaged
by the Franks, 235.

-, review of the history of, iii. 251. Is
invaded by the barbarous nations, 249.
The invaders conquered by Wallia
king of the Goths, 253. Successes of
the Vandals there, 297. Expedition of
Theodoric king of the Visigoths into,
376. The Christian religion received
there, 447. Revolt and martyrdom of
Hermenigild, 448. Persecution of the
Jews in, 450. Legislative assemblies of,

Stephen, a freedman of Domitilla, assas-
sinates the emperor Domitian, ii. 27.
Stephen, count of Chartres, his character
and engagement in the first crusade, v.
507. Deserts his standard, 529.
Stephen, St. the first Christian martyr, mi-
raculous discovery of his body, and the
miracles worked by it, iii. 131.
Stephen, the savage, sent by the Greek em-
peror Justinian II. to exterminate the
Chersonites, v. 19.

Stephen III. pope, solicits the aid of Pepin
king of France, against the Lombards,
under the character of St. Peter, v. 83.
Crowns king Pepin, 90.

Stilicho, the great general of the Western
empire under the emperor Honorius,
his character, iii. 143. Puts to death
Rufinus, the tyrannical præfect of the
East, 146. His expedition against Alarie
in Greece, 160. His diligent endeavours
to check his progress in Italy, 166. De-
feats Alaric at Pollentia, 168. Drives
him out of Italy, 170. His triumph at
Rome, 171. His preparations to op-
pose the invasion of Radagaisus, 177.
Reduces and puts him to death, 179.
Supports the claims of Alaric in the
Roman senate, 188. Is put to death at
Ravenna, 190. His memory persecuted,
191.

Stoza, heads the revolted troops of
the emperor Justinian in Africa, iv.

201.

Strasburg, battle of, between Julian and
the Alemanni, ii. 186.
Successianus defends the Roman frontier
against the Goths, i. 240.

Suevi, the origin and renown of, i. 235.
Suicide applauded and pitied by the Ro-
mans, iv. 300.

Sulpicius, Servius, was the highest im-
prover of the Roman jurisprudence, iv.

256.

Sultan, origin and import of this title of
Eastern sovereignty, v. 462.
Sumnat, description of the pagoda of, in
Guzarat, and its destruction by Sultan
Mahmud, v. 463.

Sun, the worship of, introduced at Rome
by the emperor Elagabalus, i. 140. Was
the peculiar object of the devotion of
Constantine the Great, before his con-
version, ii. 197. And of Julian after
his apostacy, 331.

Susa, the city of, taken by Constantine
the Great, i. 368.

Swatoslaus, czar of Russia, his reign, v.
438.

Swiss cantons, the confederacy of, how
far similar to that of the ancient
Franks, i. 235.

Sword of Mars, the sacred weapon of the
Huns, history of, in. 314.
Syagrius, king of the Franks and Burgun-
dians, his character, iii. 456. Is con-
quered by Clovis, 457.

Sylla, the dictator, his legislative charac-
ter, iv. 294.

Syllanus, the consul, his speech to the se-
nate, recommending the election of
the two Gordians to their approbation,
i. 168.

Sylvania, sister of the præfect Rufinus,
her uncommon sanctity, iii. 148, note.
Sylvanus, general in Gaul under Constan-

tius, is ruined by treachery, ii. 169.
Sylverius, pope, is degraded and sent into
exile by Belisarius for an attempt to
betray the city of Rome to the Goths,
iv. 142. His death, 206, note.
Symmachus, his account of the pagan
conformity of the emperor Constantius
during his visit to Rome, ii. 286. Pleads
in behalf of the ancient pagan religion
of Rome, to the emperor Valentinian,
iii. 114.
Synesius, bishop of Ptolemais, excommu-
nicates the president Andronicus, ii.
His extraordinary character, ib.
note. His advice to the Eastern empe-
ror Arcadius, iii. 162.
Synods, provincial, in the primitive church-
es, institution of, i. 429. Nature of
those assemblies, ii. 129. See Councils.
Syria, its revolutions and extent, i. 38.
Is reduced by Chosroes II. king of Per-
sia, iv. 361. General description of,
v. 226. Is conquered by the Saracens,
Invasion of, by Tamerlane, vi.

227.

2268.

209.

Syriac language, where spoken in the
greatest purity, i. 193, note.
Syrianus, duke of Egypt, surprises the
city of Alexandria, and expels Athana-
sius the primate of Egypt, ii. 270.

T

Tabari, the Arabian historian, account of
his work, v. 205, note.

Tabenne, the island of, in Upper Thebais
is settled with monks, by Pachomius,
iii. 418.

Table of Emerald, in the Gothic treasury
in Spain, account of, iii. 242.
Tacitus, emperor, his election and charac-
ter, i. 283.

Tacitus the historian, his character of the
principles of the portico, i. 84, note.
The intention of his episodes, 183. His
character as a historian, 197. His ac-
count of the ancient Germans, 202.
His history, how preserved and trans-
mitted down to us, 283, nole. His ac-
count of the persecution of the Chris-
tians as the incendiaries of Rome, ii.
21.

Tactics of Leo and Constantine, character
of, v. 335. Military character of the
Greeks, 358.

Tagina, battle of, between the eunuch
Narses, and Totila king of the Goths
in Italy, iv. 221.

Taherites, the Saracen dynasty of, v.

325.

Tamerlane, his birth, reign, and con-
quests, vi. 200. His letter to Bajazet,
208. His conference with the doctors
of the law, at Aleppo, 210. Defeats
and takes Bajazet prisoner, 214. How
kept out of Europe, 219. His triumph
at Samarcand, 220. Dies on a march
to China, 221. His character, 222.
Tancred the crusader, his character, v.
509. His bold behaviour at Constanti-
nople, 517.

Tarasius, secretary to the empress Irene,
made patriarch of Constantinople, v.
97. Presides at, and frames the de-
crees of, the second council of Nice,
ib.

Tarik, the Arab, his descent on Spain, v.
265. Defeats and kills Roderic the
Gothic king of, 266. His disgrace,

270.

Tarragona, the city of, almost destroyed
by the Franks, i. 235.
Tartars. See Scythians.
Tartary, Eastern, conquest of, by Tamer-
lane, vi. 203.

Tatian, and his son Proculus, destroyed
by the base arts of Rufinus, the confi-
dential minister of the emperor Theo-
dosius, iii. 138.

Taurus, the consul, is banished by the
tribunal of Chalcedon, ii. 312.
Taxes, how the Roman citizens were
exonerated from the burden of, i. 153.
Account of those instituted by Augus-
tus, 155. How raised under Constan-
tine the Great, and his successors, ii.

112.

Tayef, siege of, by Mahomet, v. 176.
Teias, the last king of the Goths, defeat-
ed and killed by the eunuch Narses,
iv. 224.

Telemachus, an Asiatic monk, loses his
life at Rome, in an attempt to prevent
the combat of the gladiators, iii. 172.
Temple of Jerusalem burned, ii. 25.
History of the emperor Julian's attempt
to restore it, ii. 341.
Temugin. See Zingis.

Tephrice is occupied and fortified by the
Paulicians, v. 378.

Tertullian, his pious exultation in the ex-
pected damnation of all the pagan
world, 1. 414. Suggests desertion to
Christian soldiers, 423, note. His sus-
picious account of two edicts of Tibe-
rius and Marcus Antonius, in favour
of the Christians, ii. 42.

Testaments, the Roman laws for regula-
ting, iv. 284. Codicils, 286.
Tetricus assumes the empire in Gaul, at
the instigation of Victoria, i. 272.
Betrays his legions into the hands of
Aurelian, ib.
Is led in triumph by
Aurelian, 280.
Thabor, mount, dispute concerning the
light of, vi. 161.

Thanet, the island of, planted by Vorti-

gern, as a settlement for his Saxon
auxiliaries, iii. 492.

Theatrical entertainments of the Romans
described, iii. 214.

Thebaan legion, the martyrdom of apo-
cryphal, i. 52, note.

Theft, the Roman laws relating to, v.
289. 293. 396.

Themes, or military governments of the
Greek empire, account of, v. 336.
Themistius, the orator, his encomium on
religious toleration, ii. 408.
Theodatus, his birth and elevation to the
throne of Italy, iv. 127.

His disgrace-

His

ful treaties with the emperor Justinian,
and revolt against them, 129.
deposition and death, 133.
Theodebert, king of the Franks in Aus-
trasia, joins the Goths in the siege and
destruction of Milan, iv. 146. Invades
Italy, 147. His death, 148.
Theodemir, a Gothic prince of Spain,
copy of his treaty of submission to the
Saracens, v. 270.

Theodora, empress, her birth, and early
history, iv. 47. Her marriage with
Justinian, 49. Her tyranny, 51. Her
virtues, 52. Her death, 53. Her for-
titude during the Nika sedition, 59.

Account of her palace and gardens of
Heræum, 80. Her pious concern for
the conversion of Nubia, 441.
Theodora, wife of the Greek emperor
Theophilus, her history, v. 30. Re-
stored the worship of images, 180.
Provokes the Paulicians to rebellion,
378.

Theodora, daughter of the Greek empe-
ror Constantine IX. her history, v.
45.
Theodora, widow of Baldwin III. king
of Jerusalem, her adventures as the
concubine of Andronicus Comnenus, v.
62.

Theodore Angelus, despot of Epirus, seizes
Peter of Courtenay, emperor of Con-
stantinople, prisoner, vi. 99. Possesses
himself of Thessalonica, 100.
Theodoric acquires the Gothic sceptre by
the murder of his brother Torismond,
ii. 375. His character by Sidonius, ib.
His expeditions into Spain, 377.
Theodoric, the son of Alaric, his prosper-
ous reign over the Visigoths in Gaul,
in. 340. Unhappy fates of his daugh-
ters, 342. Is prevailed on by Etius to
join his forces against Attila, 348. Is
killed at the battle of Chalons, 353.
Theodoric the Ostrogoth, his birth and edu
cation, iv. 13. Is forced by his troops
into a revolt against the emperor Zeno,
16. He undertakes the conquest of
Italy, 18. Reduces and kills Odoacer,

20. Is acknowledged king of Italy, 21.
Review of his administration, 22. His
visit to Rome, and care of the public
buildings, 29. His religion, 32. His
remorse and death, 40.

Thedosiopolis, the city of, in Armenia,
built, iii. 291.

Thedosius the Great, his distinction be-
tween a Roman prince and a Parthian
monarch, ii. 120, note. The province
of Mæsia preserved by his valour,
460.
Is associated by Gratian as empe-
ror of the East, ii. 53. His birth and
character, 54. His prudent and suc-
cessful conduct of the Gothic war, 55.
Defeats an invasion of the Ostrogoths,
60.

his treaty with Maximus, iii. 69.
His baptism, and edict to establish or-
thodox faith, 70. Purges the city of
Constantinople from Arianism, 75.
Enforces the Nicene doctrine through-

out the East, 76. Convenes a coun- 1
cil at Constantinople, 77. His edicts
against heresy, 80. Receives the fu-

3

gitive family of Valentinian, and mar-
ries his sister Galla, 91. Defeats Maxi-
mus, and visits Rome, 92. His charac-
ter, 93.
His lenity to the city of An-
tioch, 97. His cruel treatment of
Thessalonica, 98. Submits to the pe-
nance imposed by St. Ambrose, for his
severity to Thessalonica, 100. Restores
Valentinian, 103. Consults John of
Lycopolis, the hermit, on the intended
war against Eugenius, 106. Defeats
Eugenius, 108. His death, 110. Pro-
cured a senatorial renunciation of the
pagan religion, 116. Abolishes pagan
rites, 118. Prohibits the pagan religion,
125.
Theodosius the Younger, his birth, iii. 281.
Is said to be left by his father Arcadius,
to the care of Jezdegerd king of Persia,
282. His education and character,
286. His marriage with Eudocia, ib.
His war with Persia, 289. His pious
joy on the death of John, the usurper
of the West, 293. His treaty with the
Huns, 312. His armies defeated by At-
tila, 319. Is reduced to accept a peace
dictated by Attila, 323. Is oppressed
by the embassies of Attila, 326.
bassy of Maximin to Attila, 328. Is
privy to a scheme for the assassina-
tion of Attila, 334. Attila's embassy
to him on that occasion, 335. His
death, 336.

Em-

His perplexity at the religious feuds
between Cyril and Nestorius, iv. 399.
Banishes Nestorius, 401.

Theodosius III. emperor of Constantino-
ple, v. 21.

Theodosius, the father of the emperor, his
successful expedition to Britain, ii. 443.
Suppresses the revolt of Firmus the
Moor, in Africa, 446. Is beheaded at
Carthage, 448.

Theodosius, patriarch of Alexandria, his
competition with Gaian, how decided,
iv. 438. His negotiations at the court
of Byzantium, 440.

Theodosius, the deacon, grandson of the
emperor Heraclius, murdered by his
brother Constans II., v. 17.
Theodosius, the lover of Antonina, de-

tected by Belisarius, iv. 155. Turns
monk to escape her, 157. His death,
158.

Theodosius, president of the council of
Hierapolis, under Constantius, his ridi-
culous flattery to the emperor, ii. 304.
Theophano, wife of the Greek emperor
Romanus II. poisons both him and his

VOL. VI.

father, v. 42. Her connexion with Ni-
cephorus Phocas, ib. His murder and
her exile, 44.

Theophilus, emperor of Constantinople,
v. 32. His Amorian war with the ca-
liph Motassem, 318.

Theophilus, archbishop of Alexandria, de
stroys the temple of Serapis, and the
Alexandrian library, iii. 122. Assists
the persecution of St. Chrysostom,
278. His invective against him, 279,

note.

Theophilus, his pious embassy from the
emperor Constantius to the East Indies,
ii. 216.

Theophobus, the Persian, his unfortunate
history, v. 30.

Therapeuta, or Essenians, some account
of, i. 442.

Thermopyla, the straits of, fortified by the
emperor Justinian, iv. 32.
Thessalonica, sedition and massacre there,
iii. 98. Cruel treatment of the citizens,
99. Penance of Theodosius for his se-
verity, 100.

Theudelinda, princess of Bavaria, married
to Autharis king of the Lombards, iv.
324, 325.

Thibaul, count of Champagne, engages in
the fourth crusade, vi. 57.
Thomas the Cappadocian, his revolt against
the Greek emperor Michael II. and cru-
el punishment, v. 29.
Thomas of Damascus, his exploits against
the Saracens when besieging that city,
v. 221.

Thomus, St. account of the Christians of,
in India, iv. 431. Persecution of, by
the Portuguese, 432.

Thrace is colonized by the Basternæ, in
the reign of Probius, i. 299. The fugi-
tive Goths permitted to settle there by
the emperor Valens, iii. 30. Is ravaged
by them, 36. The Goths settled there
by Theodosius, 61.

Thrasimund, king of the Vandals, his cha
racter, iii. 439.

Three Chapters, the famous dispute con-
cerning, iv. 418.

Thundering Legion, the story concerning,
of suspicious veracity, ii. 42.
Tiberius is adopted by Augustus, i. 80.
Reduces the Pannonians, 112. Reduces
Cappadocia, 155, note. Suspicious sto-
ry of his edict in favour of the Chris-
tians, i. 398.

Tiberius is invested by Justin II. as his
successor in the empire of the East, iv.
315. His character and death, 317.

42