The

Four days have passed, and the little party from Detroit reaches the great encampment of the Pottawatomies, who are assembled about their council house waiting for the warriors from Mackinaw, who are to meet them here to-day. Detroit party, all unheralded, enters the camp. The halfbreed Frenchman is cordially greeted on every side. All seemed highly pleased to shake hands with him, as with an old friend tried and true. He now introduces to the chief a white man, who came with him, as Robert Forsyth of Detroit, Mich., sent out by General Hull of that place to talk with the Indians and to learn what course they intended to pursue in the impending war. Battees quietly inquires of an old chief for what purpose so many of the warriors are assembled. He tells him that Fort Mackinaw has been taken by the English and red warriors of the north, and that Tecumseh sent some days ago, from the island, warriors who are on their way to meet us here to-day and make arrangements with us to join the British army, who are going to fight for us to save our homes and native land. Battees remonstrates with him, telling him they ought to try to save the country in which they live and not fight against it, to destroy it. Several chiefs are now gathering about, listening to his advice to their people in meditative mood. Now comes the answer:

"Battees, we love you. When a boy you shared with us the perils of the chase and the camp. We taught you to lisp our mothers' tongue until you could speak our language better far than we ourselves. You were welcome to every wigwam of our tribe. You left us a few years ago as our friend. We love you still. But we have lived to learn that the Americans hate us with a deadly hatred. Many times in the last ten years they have burned our villages and destroyed our provisions at winter's near approach, and less than one year ago they marched a vast army into the center of our country, defeating us in battle at Tippecanoe and killing many of our bravest warriors, for whom the children, maidens, wives, fathers, and mothers are weeping yet."

But, hark! What mean those deafening yells within the

camp like shouts of victory? Look; there comes marching into camp with stately tread the white warrior from the north, with his thirty Chippewas as a bodyguard. He is recognized by the chiefs, who rush to meet him. He speaks to them fluently in their own language. He says: "All listen! I have here a despatch from your brave Tecumseh, who wishes you to join forces with him and the English in the coming war with England against the United States. I am instructed to inform you that he has received a solemn promise from the English general that if you will join him Michigan shall be yours forever."

Battees, now advancing toward the Frenchman, recognizes him as his own uncle. Gruffly he replies: "What business have you here, traitor? You miserable half-breed, son of my brother who married a squaw! Surrender and lay down your gun and join the British or I will handcuff you and take you with 11s back to Mackinaw." Battees replies: "Uncle, I will not turn my back on the American cause; nor will I be taken prisoner by you alive." He cocks his double-barrel gun, and with daring bravery exclaims, "Uncle John, you cross that trail between us toward me, and I will shoot you through!" His uncle draws his sword and with equal daring attempts to arrest him. The sudden crack of a rifle rings through the camp. His uncle falls dead across the trail, shot through the heart. The eyes of the Chippewas flash fire as they rush forward toward Battees. Quickly he reloads his gun, telling them: "The first one of you who dares cross the trail my uncle tried to cross is a dead Indian. These Pottawatomies are my friends, tried and true; they will not allow you to take me. I sorely regret I was compelled to kill my uncle, but all the fault was his. Now, do not get excited; take hold and help bury my uncle, and to-morrow morning you shall receive of Burnett at this trading-post twenty gallons of fire-water. That will do you more good, and make you feel much better, than to have a troublesome prisoner on your hands." See; they quiet down. They help dig a grave. The dead man is buried and a rude.

cross of wood placed above his grave. Battees and his little party leave the camp for Detroit, and the curtain falls.

Some one is saying, "Po-Ka-Gon, where did your tribe cast their fortunes-with the Americans or the British?" On August 5, some of them went east and joined Tecumseh, taking part in the slaughter of Major Van Horn's command on the River Rosin, and were present at the surrender of Detroit and the State of Michigan to the British on August 16; while a few took part in the battle of Fort Dearborn, Chicago, about the same time. Their last engagement was the battle of the Thames, Canada, fought between the Americans and the British on October 5, 1813. In this battle our tribe, the Pottawatomies, with their allies fought with desperation, for all their hopes of final triumph were staked on the success of that day's battle. I have frequently heard old warriors say that after the British infantry gave way they still fought desperately against overwhelming odds, until the brave Tecumseh fell mortally wounded, when they yielded and fled. This was the last battle fought between the Americans and the confederacy of the Algonquin tribes. Their utter defeat on that day, and the death of General Tecumseh, extinguished forever all hopes of successful resistance. Those who escaped returned to their villages sad, dejected, and thoroughly subjugated, never raising the tomahawk or sounding the war-cry again. CHIEF SIMON PO-KA-GON.

Hartford, Mich.

IN

VI.

THE CRIMINAL NEGRO.

PSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS OF FEMALES.

N the last preceding article, the tests of the senses were given. This one will include all those that are dependent upon the senses but do not relate solely to them. These include memory, association of ideas, coördination, fatigue, and quality tests, together with some suggestions from the work with the kymograph. Satisfactory methods have been devised, so that this year's measurements of the students include those of attention, imagination, reason, observation, and language. These additions make a more complete series and secure broader results.

The test for memory is made in the following way: There are six series of numerals, each containing ten figures. The first series of ten consists of four figures, as 3,851; the second of five, as 74,281; the third of six, and so on. Each series increases in length by one over the preceding, the last series containing nine numbers. Beginning with the first series, the numbers are read distinctly and the subject is required to write them as she has heard them. She cannot write until each number is finished, as 7,641. If she cannot write, she repeats them to the experimenter, who writes her answer. The series are given in order of increasing difficulty until the subject fails or makes three kinds of errors: omits, transposes, and substitutes a figure. The series in which these occur is the one that represents her capacity. In order to prevent any efficiency that comes through the use of numbers, as with bookkeepers, this experiment is repeated with letters, as x m p f, and so forth. There is no change from the method used with numbers, only all vowels are omitted; while among the figures only zero is not used. Results show that the negroes rarely pass series 3-containing six figures. Beyond this they become confused, impatient, and make many errors.

For letters, the series is the same, though the percentage is less. Thus, in numbers, over fifty per cent. can produce six figures, less than twenty-five per cent. seven numbers, and less than twenty per cent. eight figures. In letters a larger number can reproduce six figures, but few go beyond this. Negro criminals are inferior to white students, but compare favorably with white criminals, even though the latter are more familiar with both letters and figures. Difficulty in the formation of figures lessens the average for the criminals, for in their efforts to write the letters they often forget what has been read. The negroes do not give up as easily as the white criminals, and are less impatient. The latter are more sensitive to failure, and, if they are not doing well, much tact and encouragement are needed to secure their best records. The students' average is, for numerals, eight; for letters, seven. Among the whites the penitentiary inmates are slightly above the negroes' average, and the workhouse inmates slightly below. This is not an all-sufficient test, but indicates the possibilities of such work in determining memory, concentration, attention, comprehension, and other facts.

Card assortments and precision tests are given to determine discrimination and resulting coördination. The subject is required to assort thirty-two cards into four boxes of equal sizes. Upon these cards are pasted small round disks, eight each of blue, red, yellow, and green. She is required to throw the blue into one box, the red into another, and so forth. She does this as rapidly as possible, and the time required and number of errors are carefully noted. First she must discriminate between the colors, and then the hand must execute her judgment. When this is done, she is given thirtytwo cards similar to the others, but upon these are drawn eight each of squares, circles, triangles, and pentagons. She is then required to distribute these in the proper boxes, by the same process as the colors.

The precision test is given for the purpose of determining the coordination of the eye and hand. A sheet of paper, upon which is printed a target, is hung upon the wall. The subject