he shall deliver or transmit to such senator a credential, under the great seal of the state, certifying said appointment, and may in case of emergency, telegraph the matter of such appointment, which shall have like effect as if certified in the manner herein before provided.

U. S. Const. sec. 94.

EMPLOYER AND EMPLOYEE

Employers' liability act of March 24, 1911, sections 1915-1928.

Act to provide for the arbitration of differences between employers and employees, approved March 29, 1907, sections 1929-1935.

Act to prohibit false advertising or deception in procuring employees to work, approved March 22, 1911, sections 1936-1938.

Act prohibiting the issuance of non-negotiable acknowledgments of indebtedness in payment for wages, approved March 15, 1911, sections 1939, 1940.

Act specifying that men working on the surface of underground mines shall not labor more than eight hours in one day, approved March 24, 1911, sections 1941, 1942.

Act making it a misdemeanor to collect hospital fees in certain cases, approved March 14, 1903, sections 1943-1945.

Other provisions for an eight-hour day: In underground mines, sec. 6554; in smelters, quartz mills, and reduction plants, sec. 6555; in plaster and cement mills, sec. 6559. An Act determining certain employments and industries to be especially dangerous, establishing a system of compensation for accidents to workmen engaged therein, requiring employers or contractors carrying on such industries to pay compensation, entitling injured workmen or their legal representatives to receive such compensation, fixing the amount of same and the manner of payment, fixing the time within which such claims for compensation must be made, prescribing the manner and method of giving notice to such owner or contractor of such accident, providing for the manner of settling disputed claims by arbitration, providing for their final determination by courts of justice, and granting to courts of justice certain additional powers in proceedings under this act, determining what persons shall be liable under this act.

1915. Employer liable for injury or death of workman.

SECTION 1. If in any employment to which this act applies personal injury disabling a workman from his regular service for more than ten days, or death by accident, arising out of and in the course of employment is caused to a workman, the workman so injured, or in case of death, the member of his family, as hereinafter defined, shall be entitled to receive from his employer, and the said employer shall be liable to pay, the compensation provided for in this act; provided, that recovery hereunder shall not be barred where such employee may have been guilty of contributory negligence where

such contributory negligence is slight and that of the employer is gross in comparison, but in which event the compensation may be diminished in proportion to the amount of negligence attributable to such employee, and it shall be conclusively presumed that such employee was not guilty of contributory negligence in any case where the violation of any statute enacted for the safety of employees contributed to such employee's injury; and it shall not be a defense: (1) That the employee either expressly or impliedly assumed the risk of the hazard complained of; (2) That the injury or death was caused in whole or in part by the want of ordinary or reasonable care of a fellow-servant. No contract, rule or regulation shall exempt the employer from any of the provisions of the preceding section of this act.

1916. Terms defined.

SEC. 2. "Employer" includes any body of persons corporate or incorporate and the legal personal representative of a deceased employer. "Workman' includes every person who is engaged in an employment to which this act applies, whether by way of manual labor or otherwise, and where his agreement is one of service or apprenticeship or otherwise, and is expressed or implied, is oral or in writing. Any reference to a workman who has been injured shall, where the workman is dead, include a reference to his legal personal representative or to his dependents or other person to whom compensation is payable. "Dependents" means wife, father, mother, husband, sister, brother, child or grandchild; provided, that they were wholly or partly dependent upon the earnings of the workman at the time of his death. 1917. Hazardous callings enumerated.

SEC. 3. This act shall apply to workmen engaged in manual or mechanical labor in the following employments within this state, each of which is hereby determined to be especially dangerous, in which from the nature, condition or means of prosecution of the work therein, extraordinary risks to the life and limb of workmen engaged therein are inherent, necessarily or substantially unavoidable, and to each of which employments it is deemed necessary to establish a new system of compensation for accidents to workmen.

(a) The erection or demolition of any bridge or building in which there is, or in which the plans or specifications require iron or steel framework;

(b) The operation of elevators, elevating machines or derricks or hoisting apparatus used within or on the outside of any bridge or building for the conveying of material in connection with the erection or demolition of such bridge or building:

(c) Work on scaffolds of any kind elevated twenty feet or more above the ground, water or floor beneath, in the erection, construction, painting, alteration or repair of buildings, bridges or structures;

(d) Construction, operation, alteration, or repair of wires, cables, switchboards or apparatus charged with electric currents;

(e) The operation on railroads of locomotives, engines, trains, motors or cars propelled by gravity, steam, electricity or other mechanical power, or the construction or repairs of railroad tracks and roadbeds over which such locomotives, engines, trains, motors, or cars are operated;

(f) Construction, operation, alteration, or repairs of locomotives, engines, trains, motors or cars in or about the shops, round-houses, or other places, where the same is done;

(g) Construction, operation, alteration or repairs to mills, smelters or mines, including every shaft or pit in the course of being sunk, and every crosscut, drift, station, winze, level or inclined planes through which workmen pass to and from work, and all works, machinery, tramways, ladders or passages, both below ground and above ground, in and adjacent to any mine; (h) All work necessitating dangerous proximity to gunpowder, blasting

powder, dynamite or any other explosives, where the same are used as instrumentalities of the industry;

(i) The construction of tunnels.

The employers to whom this act shall apply shall be any person or persons, association, partnership or corporation carrying on any such industry as aforesaid.

1918. Prompt notice of accidents to be given employers.

SEC. 4. Notice of accidents must be given to the employer as soon as practicable after the happening thereof, and the claim for compensation with respect to such accident within six months from the occurrence of such accident causing the injury, or in case of death, within six months from the time of death; provided, always, that the want of, or any defect or inaccuracy in, such notice shall not be a bar to the maintenance of such proceedings if it is found in the proceedings for settling the claim that the employer is not prejudiced in his defense by the want, defect or inaccuracy, and that such want, defect or inaccuracy was occasioned by mistake or other reasonable cause. Notice in respect of an injury under this act shall give the name and address of the person injured, and shall state in ordinary language the cause of the injury, if known, the date at which it was sustained, and shall be served on the employer, or, if there is more than one employer, upon one of such employers. The notice may be served by delivering the same to or at the residence or place of business of the person upon whom it is to be served, or the notice may also be served by post, by a registered letter addressed to the person on whom it is to be served at his last known place of residence or place of business, and if served by post shall be deemed to have been served at the time when the letter containing the same would have been delivered in the ordinary course of post, and in proving the service of such notice it shall be sufficient to prove that the notice was properly addressed and registered. Where the employer is a body of persons, natural or artificial, the notice may also be served by delivering the same at, or by sending it by post in a registered letter addressed to the employer at the office, or, if there be more than one office, any one of the offices of such body. 1919. Compensation, how determined in case of death.

SEC. 5. The amount of compensation in case death results from injury, or for death accruing within five years as a result of injury, shall be:

(a) If the workman leave any person or persons who at the time of the accident were wholly dependent upon his earnings, a sum equal to his earnings in the employment of the same employer during the three years next preceding the injury, or the sum of two thousand dollars, whichever of these sums is the greater, but not exceeding in any case three thousand dollars; provided, that the total sum of any weekly payments made under this act shall be deducted from such sum; and if the period of the workman's employment by the same employer has been less than the said three years, then the amount of his earnings during the said three years shall be deemed to be nine hundred and thirty-six times his average daily earnings during the period of his actual employment under the same employer.

(b) If the workman leave only person or persons who at the time of the accident were partly dependent upon his earnings, a sum equal to 50 per cent of the amount payable under the foregoing provisions of this section;

(c) If the workman leave no person at the time of the accident who was dependent upon his earnings, the reasonable expenses of his medical attendance and burial, not exceeding in all three hundred dollars.

Whatever sum is payable under this section in case of death of the injured workman shall be paid to his legal representatives for the benefit of such dependents, and if he leaves no such dependents, then to the public admin

istrator, for the benefit of the person or persons to whom the expenses of medical attendance and burial are due.

1920. Compensation, how determined in temporary or permanent injury. SEC. 6. The amount of compensation in case of total or partial disability resulting from injury shall be:

(a) A weekly payment during the disability, beginning within ten days after the injury, 60 per cent of his average weekly earnings in such employment during the previous twelve months if he has been so long employed, but if not, then for any less period during which he has been in the employment of the same employer, so long as there is complete disability; and that proportion of the said percentage which the depleted earning capacity for that service bears to the total disability when the injury is only partial, but in no event shall the total of all payments under this act exceed the sum of three thousand dollars;

(b) In addition to the foregoing payments, if the injured person lose both feet or both hands, or one foot and one hand, or both eyes or one eye and one foot or one hand, he shall receive, during a full period of five years, 40 per cent of his average weekly earnings, or if he lose one foot, one hand or one eye, the additional compensation therefor shall be 15 per cent of his average weekly earnings, the amount of such earnings to be computed in the same manner as the foregoing 60 per cent; provided, that in no case shall all the payments received herein exceed in any month the whole wages earned when the injury occurs, nor shall the added percentages continue longer than to make all payments aggregate three thousand dollars.

1921. Employee must submit to physical examination.

SEC. 7. Any workman entitled to receive weekly payments under this act is required, if requested by the employer, to submit himself for examination by a duly qualified medical practitioner or surgeon provided and paid for by the employer, at a time and place reasonably convenient for the workman, within three weeks after the injury, and thereafter at intervals not oftener than once in six weeks. A copy of the report of the examining physician shall be furnished to the workman. If a dispute then exists as to the workman's condition or amount of weekly compensation such dispute shall be determined by arbitration under this act, or by judicial procedure as hereinafter provided; provided, also, that any and all disputes arising under this act may be first submitted to a board of arbitration, and in case of failure to settle it, resort may be had to courts of justice.

1922. Arbitration, how conducted.

SEC. 8. Arbitration proceedings shall be as follows: The employer and the workman may each choose one arbitrator, the two arbitrators thus chosen shall choose a third, and the three arbitrators shall hear the facts of the dispute within three months after having been chosen, and within two weeks. thereafter, render a decision, which, if unanimous, shall be final and binding on both parties.

1923. Failure of arbitration, court proceedings.

SEC. 9. On failure of the board of arbitration to reach an adjustment of the dispute above referred to, either party may apply to a court of competent jurisdiction, and have an adjudication as in any other controversy. And the findings and judgment of the court shall be conclusive on all parties concerned. Said courts may compel the attendance of witnesses and the production of evidence, as in all other cases provided for by law, and the judgment of said court may continue and diminish or increase the weekly payments, subject to the maximum provided in this act. The prevailing party in any action, brought under the provisions of this act, shall be entitled

to his costs of suit and reasonable attorney's fees; provided, that nothing in this act shall operate to defeat the constitutional right of appeal. 1924. Employer responsible for contractor or subcontractor.

SEC. 10. If any employer who shall be the principal, enters into a contract with an independent contractor to do part of such employer's work, or if such contractor enters into a contract with a subcontractor to do all or any part of the work comprised in such contractor's contract with the employer, the said principal shall be liable to pay to any workman employed in the execution of the work, any compensation under this act, which he would have been liable to pay if that workman had been immediately employed by him; and where compensation is claimed from the principal, then reference to the principal shall be substituted for reference to the employer, except the amount of compensation shall be calculated with reference to the earnings of the workman under the contractor or employer by whom he is immediately employed. Where such principal is liable to pay compensation he shall be entitled to be indemnified by any person who would have been liable to pay compensation to the workman independently of this section. Nothing in this section shall be construed as preventing a workman from recovering compensation under this act, from the contractor or subcontractor, instead of the principal; nor shall this section apply in any case where the accident shall occur elsewhere than on or in or about the premises on which the principal has undertaken to execute the work or which are otherwise under his control or management. 1925. Employee not compelled to proceed under this act-Choice of remedies.

SEC. 11. Nothing in this act contained shall be held or deemed to require any workman or his personal representatives to proceed under its terms and provisions for the recovery of compensation of damages for death or accidental injury. But if the workman or his personal representatives shall so elect, he or they may disregard the provisions of this act and may pursue any other remedy at law for the recovery of such compensation of damages for or on account of such death or injury. The right of election or choice of remedies shall be exercised solely by such workman or his representatives. 1926. Claim for compensation preferred debt.

SEC. 12. A claim for compensation for the injury or death of any employee or any reward or judgment entered thereon shall be entitled to a preference over the other debts of the employer if and to the same extent as the wages of such employee shall be so preferred, but this section shall not impair the lien of any judgment entered upon any award.

1927. Assignment, when claim becomes legal.

SEC. 13. The making of a lawful claim against an employer for compensation under this act for the injury or death of his employee shall operate as an assignment of any assignable cause of action in tort which the employee or his personal representative may have against any other party for such injury or death, and such employer may enforce in his own name the liability of such other party.

1928. Claims may be compromised.

SEC. 14. Nothing in this act contained shall be construed as impairing the right of parties interested after the injury or death of an employee to compromise or settle upon such terms as they may agree upon any liability which may be claimed to exist under this act on account of such injury or death, nor as conferring upon the dependents of any injured employee any interest which he may not divert by such settlement or for which he or his