4. An obstinate old hen.

A hot day's fishing.

Setting the table for dinner.

5. How bread is made.

After the tornado.

How a mason builds a brick wall.

H. Write a brief account of a tiresome journey or walk, using in different sentences the words sameness, uniformity, monotony, each in a sense that would preclude the use of the other two.

I. Write a brief paragraph on manners in the schoolroom, in which you mention some particular thing to be discountenanced, another to be deprecated, another to be deplored.

J. Write out the following:

Arrived at school; found I had forgotten book; was [angry, provoked, vexed] with myself, for there was not time to go back for it and I needed it; went to class without it; asked a classmate to [loan, lend] me her book; she [refused, declined]; this made me [angry, indignant] as she [could, might] have [accommodated, favored] me in this; was called on to translate as I had [expected, anticipated] that I [would, should] be, and failed for [lack, want, need] of a book. I [will, shall] be obliged to make up the lesson.

K. Two drafts of portions of Lincoln's first Inaugural Address are printed below in parallel columns.1 After comparing them, give reasons for the changes so far as you are able.

It follows from these views It follows from these views that no State, upon its own that no State, upon its own mere motion, can lawfully mere motion, can lawfully

1 From Abraham Lincoln: A History, by John G. Nicolay and John Hay (The Century Co., N.Y., 1890), Vol. III, pp. 237-344, by permission.

get out of the Union; that get out of the Union; that resolves and ordinances to resolves and ordinances to that effect are legally noth- that effect are legally void; ing; and that acts of violence, and that acts of violence, within any State or States, within any State or States, against the authority of the against the authority of the United States, are insurrec- United States, are insurrectionary or treasonable, ac- tionary or revolutionary, according to circumstances. cording to circumstances.

I therefore consider that I therefore consider that, the Union is unbroken; and, in view of the Constitution to the extent of my ability, and the laws, the Union is I shall take care that the unbroken; and to the extent laws of the Union be faith- of my ability I shall take fully executed in all the care, as the Constitution exStates. Doing this I deem pressly enjoins upon upon me, to be only a simple duty on that the laws of the Union my part; and I shall perform be faithfully executed in all it, so far as practicable, un- the States. less my rightful masters, the American people, shall withhold the requisite means, or in some tangible way direct the contrary. I trust this will not be regarded as a menace, but only as the declared purpose of the Union authoritative manner direct that it will have its own and the contrary. I trust this defend itself.

Doing this I deem to be only a simple duty on my part; and I shall perform it, so far as practicable, unless my rightful masters, the American people, shall withhold the requisite means, or in some

will not be regarded as a menace, but only as the declared purpose of the Union that it will constitutionally defend and maintain

it

I close. We are not, we I am loath to close. We must not be, aliens or ene- are not enemies, but friends. mies, but fellow-countrymen We must not be enemies. and brethren. Although pas- Though passion may have sion has strained our bonds strained, it must not break, of affection too hardly, they our bonds of affection. The must not, I am sure they mystic chords of memory, will not, be broken. The stretching from every battlemystic chords which, pro- field and patriot grave to ceeding from so many battle- every living heart and hearthfields and so many patriot graves, pass through all the hearts and all hearths in this broad continent of ours, will yet again harmonize in their ancient music when our nature. breathed upon by the guard

ian angel of the nation.1

stone, all over this broad land, will yet swell the chorus of the Union, when again touched, as surely they will be, by the better angels of

L. After reading the following selection carefully, determine from the context the right word for the first and the second parentheThe word that is used in the first parenthesis will of course be used in the third.

ses.

At other hours and seasons the general aspect of the plain is monotonous, and in spite of the unobstructed view and the unfailing verdure and sunshine, somewhat [melan

1 This suggestion for a closing paragraph was written by Mr. Seward. The original draft by Lincoln ran as follows: "My dissatisfied fellowcountrymen: You can forbear the assault upon it [the Government], I cannot shrink from the defence of it. With you, and not with me, is the solemn question of Shall it be peace or a sword?" To this Mr. Seward objected on the ground that "something besides or in addition to argument is needful to meet and remove prejudice and passion in the South and despondency and fear in the East. Some words of affection some of calm and cheerful confidence."

choly, sombre] though never [melancholy, sombre]; and doubtless the depressed and [melancholy, sombre] feeling the Pampa inspires in those who are unfamiliar with it is due in a great measure to the paucity of life, and to the profound silence. The wind, as may well be imagined on that extensive level area, is seldom at rest; there, as in the forest, it is a "bard of many breathings," and the strings it breathes upon give out an endless variety of sorrowful sounds, from the sharp fitful sibilations of the dry, wiry grasses on the barren places, to the long mysterious moans that swell and die in the tall polished rushes of the marsh.

CHAPTER VI.

THE FORMS OF PROSE DISCOURSE.

Kinds of Writing.

48. In Burroughs's Squirrels and Other Fur Bearers there is an interesting little story about a squirrel and a weasel. It holds our attention because events are

happening in it in rapid succession. We can easily imagine, too, that events happened just before and just after the part that is told.

[Narrative] A hunter of my acquaintance was one day sitting in the woods, when he saw a red squirrel run with great speed up a tree near him, and out upon a branch, from which he leaped to some rocks, disappearing beneath them. In a moment a weasel came in full course upon his trail, ran up the tree, then out along the branch, leaping from these to the rocks, just as the squirrel had done, and pursuing him into their recesses.

In the next selection, which is about the same subject-matter, it is the looks of the squirrel and of the weasel that engage our attention.

[Description] Half opening my eyes at the sound, I see a little red squirrel running with great speed up a tree near me. In a second he is out at the end of the swaying limb. Then I catch a glimpse of him in mid-air, his paws extended, his brush trailing behind him like the luminous tail of a comet. In another second he falls lightly upon a pile of