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acid-proof top. Each room also has a Thompson combined projection lantern and projectoscope.

Machine Shop. This room is II ft 7 in x 31 ft 4 in. It has six windows and two doors with glass panels and is thus well lighted. There is an island floor 7 ft x 29 ft which is completely separated from the rest of the building in order that the vibrations from machines placed upon it may not be communicated to the other rooms. On this floor are placed an II in x 5 ft Monarch Jr. Engine Lathe (Monarch Machine Tool Co., Sydney, Ohio); No. 1⁄2 Van Norman Duplex Milling Machine (Van Norman Machine Tool Co., Springfield, Mass.); a P-4 Sensitive Drilling Machine (Charles G. Allen Co., Barre, Mass.); and a Ball Bearing Motor Grinder (J. G. Blount Co., Everett, Mass.). All of these machines as well as the Stark Precision Bench Lathe and Drilling Machine (Stark Co., Waltham, Mass.), which is off the island floor in the bay window, have their own motor, either attached to the machine, or on the floor. There are no overhead or wallshafts to cause vibrations. A Machinist's Bench (New Britain Machine Co., New Britain, Conn.) fits in the space in front of two of the windows. Near it is a No. 3 Greenerd Arbor Press (Edwin E. Bartlett, Nashua, N. H.). The motor and blower for the compressed air system are on the island floor and the air tank is fastened on the wall about 5 ft from the floor.

Carpenter Shop. The room is 13 ft 6 in x 18 ft 4 in excluding the bay window. The Bench Circular Saw with self-contained motor (J. D. Walker and Co., Chicago, Ill.) is in the center of the room. In the bay window is a wood lathe (American Woodworking Machine Co., Montgomery, Pa.). The belt runs from the motor on the floor to shafting on the wall and thence to the lathe. (A machine from the old laboratory. As this machine is used only occasionally and then only for a short period of time, it was thought that the vibration would not interfere seriously with the experiments. A modern lathe with self-contained motor would be preferable.) There are two work benches, a tool board, shelves and lumber racks. The students are allowed to work in this room, but not in the machine shop.

Storeroom.-A room 11 ft 7 in x 15 ft 3 in has been furnished with shelving around the walls for the storage of records, old journals, etc.

Electrical Supply. The alternating current, which goes to all the rooms, is obtained from the general circuit of the University. Direct current is obtained from two sources, storage batteries and a 110-volt generator. There are 35 Edison B4 batteries arranged in six units of five cells, one unit of three cells, and one unit of two cells. Each cell gives approximately 1.2 volts. These cells are placed in a cabinet in the carpenter shop. The generator is at one end of the machine shop near a large switch-board, which was made to order by the General Electric Co. Wires lead from the batteries and generator to the board and from the board to almost every room in the building. There are six lines to each room, but where there are adjoining research rooms, each line serves two rooms; that is to say, one can plug into the same line from either side of the wall. The switchboard is so arranged that one can connect the current from the generator or from one or more units of batteries with any room. Seven rooms can take off current from the generator at the same time. There is also a rheostat on the switchboard by which the voltage may be increased or cut down when desired.

EDITED BY

HOWARD C. WARREN, PRINCETON UNIVERSITY (Review) JOHN B. WATSON, 244 MAdison Ave., New York (Review) SHEPHERD I. FRANZ, UNIV. OF CALIF., So. BR. (Monographs) MADISON BENTLEY, UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS (J. of Exp. Psych.) S. W. FERNBERGER, UNIVERsity of PennsyLVANIA (Bulletin) WALTER S. HUNTER, CLARK UNIVERSITY (Index)

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XIII. THE NORMAL LAW; ITS PLACE IN QUANTITATIVE

PSYCHOLOGY

In the present critical and experimental study we propose briefly to examine the empirical evidence for the normal law in psychometric theory and practise, to sift a few a priori objections to the law, and to formulate as well as we can its true position and import in quantitative psychology.

The normal law implies a theory of natural causation which has been called "beautiful enough to excite worship" (12, 43). Take a set of unbiased coins; the proportion of heads in a number of throws will fall in close accord with the terms of the binomial (+)", n being the number of coins in a toss. Now if the statures or Alpha-scores of an unselected group (1, 256; 10, 68) are found to apportion in the same way, we may, by a plausible analogy, think of nature with a handful of unit-factors, all of which contribute to the height or the abilities of an individual and any of which may be present or absent, plus or minus, in a given case. Each member of the species may then be conceived as incorporating the combination of features that turn up in a single toss of nature's hand; in every throw she decides the make-up of one man. The determinants of any physical or mental trait may thus be taken to follow the laws of 'chance' as exhibited in the simple

1Of the present series nos. I-X have appeared in (5) and nos. XI-XII in this JOURNAL, 1926, 9, 169-194.

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