once furnished in some measure by the senior minister. The object is in part to teach the student how to put into practice that which he has mastered in the other departments of the school, especially that which relates to Christian character and conduct. Homiletics and pastoral theology will have a large place in the work of this department. Further, it is important to his interests and to the work as well, that he should become acquainted with the principles and law of our church, so as to wisely administer its discipline in the interest of the Gospel, and that he should be thoroughly acquainted with the great connectional plans and purposes of the church, so as to enter intelligently and enthusiastically upon the work of our ministry. During the first year, attention will be given to homiletics, pastoral theology, and preaching before the school. Lectures on the articles of religion, the discipline, constitution, and polity of the church will mainly occupy students of the second year. Questions of ecclesiastical law, courts of trial and appeal, church benevolences, and Sunday school and general church work will, during the third year, receive attention."

The study of homiletics is begun more frequently perhaps in the first than in the second year, and is, of course, accompanied by drill in elocution. The study is a special case of literary analysis, appreciation, and use, the models being found in sermons by eminent divines or much more frequently in compendiums on pulpit oratory or in the professorial or other criticism of the class room. In several cases lay rhetoric is studied. Extemporaneous work is, seemingly, accented and oral delivery of excogitated work insisted upon. The endeavor is to make the work as practical as possible, and in one instance the students are called upon to "participate in the conduct of a large children's [Sunday school] class led by the professor each week." So important is this subject of homiletics that one school speaks of "the paramount importance of the ministers' pulpit work.

The work in pastoral theology, though less brilliant, is certainly not less valuable. In the proper acceptation of the term it treats of the pastor as an agent and administrator rather than as an orator. But as the duties of the e lines of activity require, if they are to be well performed, traits of a high order, the attributes desirable for the pastor to possess also receive great consideration. Occasionally church polity is included under this head. Sunday school and other religious agencies for recruiting the congregation, the conversion of the heathen in foreign parts, etc., also fall within its scope. The following courses will render further remark unnecessary:

Course of the theological department in a university of the South.

Homiletics and Pastoral Theology.

In the Trinity term the studies of the junior class seek to make clear such fundamental questions as what a pastor is? What are his relations toward God and toward man? What are his motives, responsibilities, and helps? What should be the main outline of his continuous and lifelong course of study? And what is the best method of preparation of sermons, whether unwritten or written? Distinctly to understand these questions is of highest importance, as well for its influence upon the student's devotedness and zeal, as for the advantage of applying homiletic theory to immediate practice in sermon writing and in preaching during his seminary life. Hence, these topics are placed at the beginning of the junior year, and that they may be perfectly understood they are taught in the threefold way of (a) the text-book and recitations; (b) printed lectures selected by the professor and read by the students in turn, and (e) the instructions of the professor. Then, throughout the remainder of the three years this knowledge is made use of in the writing of sermons, and in extemporaneous speaking, for which the Homiletical Society of St. Luke's Hall and the literary societies of the university furnish the opportunity at least once in every week.

In the senior year the studies are upon the administration of the sacraments, the perform. ance of the occasional office of the Book of Common Prayer, and the practical detail of pastoral duty. Much attention is given to the reading of the service, and in particular to an accurate and intelligent reading of the lessons from Holy Scripture. The regular course of study in this department is supplemented by the able and instructive lectures of the right reverend the bishop of Louisiana.

Course of a seminary of the Middle States.

Department of Pastoral Theology.

1. Church polity.-The church; its membership, internal organization, external relations, officers, discipline.

II. The ordinances.-Their nature, efficacy, and obligation; baptism, its significance, form, and subjects; the Lord's Supper, its significance, and the qualifications for partaking of it. III. Pastoral duties.-Call to the ministry; settlement; public worship; subject-matter of preaching; administration of ordinances; social religious meetings; pastor and Sunday school; the pastor as an organizer of the social and religious forces of the church; pastoral visitation; studies of a pastor; personal spirit and life.

Department of Homiletics.

The course in this department extends through two years. It furnishes stated exercises to secure, on the part of the student, a mastery of principles and methods, and to form in him

correct habits in the preparation and delivery of sermons. These exercises consist of recitations from standard treatises, with lectures, elucidations, and criticism; carefully prepared analyses and written criticisms by the student of sermons by eminent preachers; presentation of plans of sermons before the class, with criticism by students and by the officer; and the preparation and delivery of sermons before the seminary, with criticism by students and officer. In all cases of criticism before the classes and the seminary, in addition to the negative criticism to which the student is subjected, the professor holds himself responsible for an independe nt treatment of the text, or the subject, that the student may not be left conscious simply of his defects and errors, but may have suggested to him a method by which he may improve his own ideal and work.

Course of seminary in New England.

Department of Practical Theology.

Junior class, two hours per week during the first semester: Introduction to practical the ology. The foundation for the whole course is laid by an expository study in the Gospels of the Lord's selection of His disciples, and of the personal training that he gave them in character, faith and methods of work. The first principles of the construction of the sermon are inductively drawn from the Biblical history of preaching. Constant practice in sermon analysis is required. Middle class, one hour per week during the first semester, four hours a week during the second: The study of Homiletics is completed, the practical exercise of making and delivering sermons is continued. Christian nurture, theoretical and practical, is also studied. Practice in preparing sermons, addresses, and class exercises for children, and participation in the conduct of a large children's class, led by the professor each week, supplement the study of theories. The history and methods of the Sunday school, Young People's Endeavor Societies, and Christian associations are objects of original research. A preliminary course in congregational polity is also given. Senior class, four hours per week throughout the year: The principles and methods of evangelistic work, pastoral care, Christian economics, and Christian benevolence, ecclesiastical polity and administration, and practical liturgics. One half the year is devoted the comparative study from the sources of Christian sociology. Preaching before the seminary is required. In all classes, besides the constant homiletic drill, practical personal work in Sunday school teaching, evangelistic efforts of many kinds, reformatory and preventive agencies, charity methods, and labor with individuals for their conversion and upbuilding are expected of each student under the supervision of the professor.

Course of a department in a college of the West.

Homiletics and Pastoral Theology.

Homiletics. In the fall term, lectures five days a week for the first nine weeks, on homiletics, treating of the different classes of sermons, the principles of their construction, the use of texts, the nature and value of expository preaching, the method of preparation and production of the extemporaneous and the written sermon, the respective advantages which belong to each style of preaching, the homiletic habit, and the paramount importance of the minister's pulpit work. In connection with these lectures there are special exercises for the illustration and practical application of the principles of homiletics, consisting of the analysis of the sermons of eminent preachers, and the críticism of sermon plans presented by the different members of the class.

In the winter term the lectures are continued once a week upon the delivery of the sermon, the conditions of ministerial success, the ministerial spirit, the ministers theme, the method and range of the minister's studies, and the invention of thought for sermons.

In the spring term, the professor lectures five days a week for four weeks upon sacred rhetoric, discussing the properties of style adapted to the pulpit, the study, the characteristics of oral address, and the method of culivating it. (Seventy-seven hours.)

Pastoral Theology elective.-Lectures five days a week throughout the term, treating of the following topics, viz: The conduct of public worship, Sunday schools, the pastor's special work for the children, the relation and the duty of the minister to missionary societies and other organizations for Christian work, the best method of educating and training a church to systematic beneficence, the advantages of a settled pastorate, prayer meetings, revivals, the instruction of religious inquirers and young converts, pastoral visiting, church organization, ministry to the sick, the afflicted, and the poor.

Te members of the class, under the professor's direction, prepare to be read before the class during the year elaborate studies in biography" of distinguished preachers, in which their special merits and methods of ministerial work are described and commented upon. (Seventy hours.)

Course of a seminary in the West.

Sacred Rhetoric and Pastoral Theology.

The work in this department begins with the junior year and extends throughout the entire course of study, enlarging as the student advances to graduation. For the fullest benefit it is indispensable that the drill and discipline cover three years.

A series of exercises in extempore expositions and explanations of scripture, or lecture-room talks, extends throughout the junior year; also, exercises in the reading of scriptures and of hymns.

A course of lectures on the sermon is given the middle class, together with a discussion of style as related to the literature of the pulpit. The preparation and criticism of sermon plans are also required. The lecture-room talks founded upon assigned passages of scripture are continued.

The senior class is given a course of lectures on preaching, embracing methods of preparation, delivery, etc. Critical exercises in sermon plans are continued throughout the year. Essays are also required from the seniors on topics closely related to this department. Preaching in chapel before all the students, and conducted by the members of the senior class in succession.

Lectures are also given in pastoral theology on the following and kindred topics. The pastor's personal character, habits, manner; the pastor in the study, in the prayer meeting, in the Bible school, in the homes of the people, in revival, in inquiry meeting, in the pulpit. This department covers, also, the call to the ministry and the choice of a field of labor.

Personal private drill in the reading of scripture and of hymns and in the delivery of sermons will be given by the professor to the seniors.

ED 90—59

Schedule of hours, 1889–90—(for the three higher classes.)

2

Senior.

1Several schools are not represented here, for the reason that their catalogues do not contain the time schedules.

Apologetics.

Apologetics..

Exegesis..

Apologetics.

Introductory classes: Greek lessons, 9 a. m. Monday, Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday; Psychology, 2 p. m. Wednesday and Thursday.

Tabular view of the exercises. (The Roman numeral in parenthesis indicates the examination group to which the course belongs.)

Monday-10 to 11 a. m., New Testament (2); 11 to 12 m., Theology (3) and New Testament (4); 2 to 3 p. in., History of Israel; 3 to 4 p. m., Hebrew (1) and Homiletics (2).

Tuesday.-9 to 10 a. m., Theolgy (2); 10 to 11 a. m., Ethics and Homiletics (2) (private criticisms); 11 a. m. to 12 m., Aramaic; 12 m. to 1 p. m., New Testament (5); 2 to 3 p. m., Old Testament introduction; 3 to 4 p. m., Hebrew (2).

Wednesday.-9 to 10 a. m., New Testament (1a); New Testament (36); Church history (3); 10 to 11 a. m., Theology (1); 11 a.m. to 12 m., Theology (3); 12m. to 1 p. m., New Testament (2); 2 to 3 p. m., History of Israel; 3 to 4 p. m., Hebrew (1).

Thursday.-9 to 10 a. m., Comparative religion; 10 to 11 a. m., Ethics: 11 a.m. to 12 m., Aramaic; 12 m. to 1 p. m., New Testament (4); 2 to 3 p. m., Old Testament introduction; 3 to 4 p. m., Hebrew (2).

Friday.-9 to 10 a. m., New Testament (1a); New Testament (36); Church history (3): 10 to 11 a. m., Homiletics (1); 11 a. m. to 12 m., Theology (3); 12 m. to 1 p. m., Homiletics (46); New Testament (5); 2 to 3 p. m., Religion of Israel; 3 to 4 p. m., Hebrew (1); Religion of Israel. Saturday.-9 to 10 a. m., Comparative religion.

NEW YORK.

HAMILTON THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY.

(Figures in parenthesis indicate number of recitations.)

Junior Year.

Old Testament.-First and second terms, Hebrew grammar (3); Isagogics (2); third term, Hermenutics (2); Historical books (3).

New Testament.-First half year (Greek section), Translation and exegesis of the Gospels (3); (whole class), Hermeneutics and introduction (2); second half year (Greek section), selections from Pauline Epistles (2): (whole class), Introduction to Pauline epistles (2).

Biblical Greek.-First term, Grammar and Grammatical study of the Fourth Gospel (4), Old
Testament history (2); second term, Grammatical study of Pauline epistles (4), History of the
Commonwealth of the Restoration (2); third term. study of Old Testament Apocrypha (1);
Grammatical study of Petrine Epistles (4). New Testament history (2).
Church History.-Through the year, Ancient period (3).

Middle Year.

Old Testament. First term (Assyrian); second term, Prosody and the Psalms (4), (Assyrian); third term, Prophecy and the Prophetical Books (4), (Syriac).

New Testament.-First term (English section), Romans (4); second term, (Greek section), Catholic epistles and Revelation (4); third term (English section), Hebrews (4).

Biblical Greek-Through the year translation and study of selections from the Septugint version (1); third term. (Textual criticism of the Greek Bible).

Church History.-First term Ancient and Medieval Periods (3); second term, Mediæval and Reformation periods (3).

Homiletics.-First term Principles of Homiletics (4); second and third terms, Criticisms of selections and sermons (4).

Senior Year.

Old Testament.-First term Christology and Christological passages (4), (Chaldee); through the year (Arabic). New Testament.-See middle year. Next year, both classes: First term (Greek section), Rommans (4); second term, (English section), Catholic Epistles (4); third term (Greek section), Hebrews (4).