APRIL 12, 1918-GENERAL HAIG ISSUES HIS FAMOUS "BACK TO THE WALL" ORDER OF THE DAY.

("With our backs to the wall . . . each one of us must fight on to the end . . . "He told his soldiers that the French were on the way. They fought on; the French came, and the Germans were held.)

MAY 11, 1918-PRESIDENT WILSON ISSUES A MEMORIAL DAY PROCLAMATION.

MEMORIAL DAY PROCLAMATION.

A PROCLAMATION: Whereas, the Congress of the United States on the second day of April last passed the following resolution:

"Resolved by the Senate (the House of Representatives concurring), That it being a duty peculiarly incumbent in a time of war humbly and devoutly to acknowledge our dependence on Almighty God and to implore His aid and protection, the President of the United States be, and is hereby, respectfully requested to recommend a day of public humiliation, prayer and fasting, to be observed by the people of the United States with religious solemnity and the offering of fervent supplications to Almighty God for the safety and welfare of our cause, His blessings on our arms, and a speedy restoration of an honorable and lasting peace to the nations of the earth";

And whereas, it has always been the reverent habit of the people of the United States to turn in humble appeal to Almighty God for His guidance in the affairs of their common life;

Now, therefore, I, Woodrow Wilson, President of the United States of America, do hereby proclaim Thursday, the 30th of May, a day already freighted with sacred and stimulating memories, a day of public humiliation, prayer and fasting, and do exhort my fellow-citizens of all faiths and creeds to assemble on that day in their several places of worship and there, as well as in their homes, to pray Almighty God that He may forgive our sins and shortcomings as a people and purify our hearts to see and love the truth, to accept and defend all things that are just and right, and to purpose only those righteous acts and judgments which are in conformity with His will; beseeching Him that He will give victory for our Armies as they fight for freedom, wisdom to those who take counsel on our behalf in these days of dark struggle and perplexity and steadfastness to our people to make sacrifice to the utmost in support of what is just and true, bringing us at last the peace in which

men's hearts can be at rest because it is founded upon mercy, justice and good will.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and caused the seal of the United States to be affixed.

Done in the District of Columbia, this 11th day of May, in the year of our Lord, 1918, and of the independence of the United States the 142d. WOODROW WILSON.

MAY 20, 1918-PRESIDENT WILSON DELIVERS AN ADDRESS AT NEW YORK LAUNCHING A RED CROSS DRIVE.

(Another splendid war utterance; another rallying cry, rePresident Wilson asked the

sponded to throughout the nation.

nation for "troops without limit.")

"TROOPS WITHOUT LIMIT."

PRESIDENT WILSON RESTATES WAR AIMS AND ASKS FOR MORE SOLDIERS. (Abridged)

Mr. Chairman and Fellow Countrymen: I should be very sorry to think that Mr. Davison in any degree curtailed his extraordinarily interesting speech for fear that he was postponing mine, because I am sure you listened with the same intent and intimate interest with which I listened to the extraordinary vivid account he gave of the things which he had realized because he had come in contact with them on the other side of the waters.

We compass them with our imagination; he compassed them in his personal experience, and I am not come here tonight to review for you the work of the Red Cross; I am not competent to do so because I have not had the time or the opportunity to follow it in detail. I have come here simply to say a few words to you as to what it all seems to me to mean, and it means a great deal.

There are two duties with which we are face to face. The first duty is to win the war. And the second duty, that goes hand in hand with it, is to win it greatly and worthily, showing the real quality of our power not only, but the real quality of our purpose and of ourselves. Of course, the first duty, the duty that we must keep in the foreground of our thought until it is accomplished, is to win the war.

NO LIMIT TO TROOPS.

I have heard gentlemen recently say that we must get 5,000,000 men ready. Why limit it to 5,000,000? I have asked

the Congress of the United States to name no limit because the Congress intends, I am sure, as we all intend, that every ship that can carry men or supplies shall go laden upon every voyage with every man and every supply she can carry. And we are not to be diverted from the grim purpose of winning the war by any insincere approaches upon the subject of peace.

I can say with a clear conscience that I have tested their intimations and have found them insincere. I now recognize them for what they are, an opportunity to have a free hand, particularly in the east, to carry out purposes of conquest and exploitation.

Every proposal with regard to accommodation in the west involves a reservation with regard to the east. Now, so far as I am concerned, I intend to stand by Russia as well as France.

The helpless, the friendless, are the very ones that need friends and succor, and if any man in Germany thinks we are going to sacrifice anybody for our own sake, I tell them now they are mistaken. For the glory of this war, my fellow citizens, so far as we are concerned, is that it is, perhaps for the first time in history, an unselfish war.

I should not be proud to fight for a selfish purpose, but I can be proud to fight for mankind. If they wish peace, let them come forward through accredited representatives and lay their claims on the table. We have laid ours and they know what they are.

THE TIES of War.

But behind all this grim purpose, my friends, lies the opportunity to demonstrate not only force, which will be demonstrated to the utmost, but the opportunity to demonstrate character, and it is that opportunity that we have most conspicuously in the work of the Red Cross. Not that our men in arms do not represent our character, for they do, and it is a character which those who see and realize, appreciate and admire; but their duty is the duty of force. The duty of the Red Cross is the duty of mercy and succor and friendship.

Have you formed a picture in your imagination of what this war is doing for us and for the world? In my own mind I am convinced that not a hundred years of peace could have knitted this nation together as this single year of war has knitted it together, and better even than that, if possible, it is knitting the world together.

Look at the picture. In the center of the scene four nations engaged against the world, and at every point of vantage, showing that they are seeking selfish aggrandizement, and against

them 23 governments representing the greater part of the population of the world, drawn together into a new sense of community of purpose, a new sense of community of interest, a new sense of unity of life. . .

Friendship is the only cement that will ever hold the world together. And this intimate contact of the Red Cross with the peoples who are suffering the terrors and deprivations of this war is going to be one of the greatest instrumentalities of friendship that the world ever knew, and the centre of the heart of it all, if we sustain it properly, will be this land that we so dearly love. . .

MAY 27, 1918-GERMANS LAUNCH ANOTHER DRIVE FROM CHEMIN DES DAMES.

(This drive was aimed against the French, with the object of striking through between Soissons and Rheims, reaching the Marne and swinging down to Paris. It flowed over Soissons, reached the Marne, but did not swing down to Paris, the pillar at Rheims holding this time and threatening the flank of such a movement, had it been attempted. Efforts to dislodge the French from Rheims were futile and the offensive died away with the Germans at the Marne for the second time in the war.)

JUNE 1, 1918-GERMANS REACH THE MARne.

JUNE 7, 1918-President Wilson talks to a group of MEXICAN EDITORS VISITING THE UNITED STATES.

(This talk is perhaps one of the President's most important utterances during the war. It throws a bright white light upon his Mexican policy, at one time the object of violent criticism, as a demonstration of the principles of international relationship and responsibility upon which his statesmanship is founded. It brings out the contrast between the Wilson and the Prussian policy of winning nations. The United States had been feared with varying degrees of distrust from the Rio Grande to Cape Horn, for years. "Dollar diplomacy" was a more or less accurate epithet applied to our foreign policy. Certain events of recent years had not quieted the distrust or discredited the epithet. This informal and intimate self-revelation will doubtless prove to have been its death blow. The visiting Editors who heard it were wholly convinced of the man's sincerity, earnestness and power. Publication of this speech was withheld in the United States until it appeared in the Mexican papers.)

"WE MUST TRUST EACH OTHER.”

A TALK TO VISITING MEXICAN EDITORS, at the WHITE HOUSE,

I have never received a group of men who were more welcome than you are, because it has been one of my distresses during the period of my Presidency that the Mexican people did not more thoroughly understand the attitude of the United States toward Mexico. I think I can assure you, and I hope you have had every evidence of the truth of my assurance, that that attitude is one of sincere friendship. And not merely the sort of friendship which prompts one not to do his neighbor any harm, but the sort of friendship which earnestly desires to do his neighbor service.

My own policy, the policy of my administration, toward Mexico was at every point based upon this principle, that the internal settlement of the affairs of Mexico was none of our business; that we had no right to interfere with or to dictate to Mexico in any particular with regard to her own affairs. Take one aspect of our relations which at one time may have been difficult for you to understand: When we sent troops into Mexico, our sincere desire was nothing else than to assist you to get rid of a man who was making the settlement of your affairs for the time being impossible. We had no desire to use our troops for any other purpose, and I was in hopes that by assisting in that way and then immediately withdrawing I might give substantial proof of the truth of the assurances that I had given your Government through President Carranza.

And at the present time it distresses me to learn that certain influences, which I assume to be German in their origin, are trying to make a wrong impression throughout Mexico as to the purposes of the United States, and not only a wrong impression, but to give an absolutely untrue account of things that happen. You know the distressing things that have been happening just off our coasts. You know of the vessels that have been sunk. I yesterday received a quotation from a paper in Guadalajara which stated that thirteen of our battleships had been sunk off the capes of the Chesapeake. You see how dreadful it is to have people so radically misinformed. It was added that our Navy Department was withholding the truth with regard to these sinkings. I have no doubt that the publisher of the paper published that in perfect innocence without intending to convey wrong impressions, but it is evident that allegations of that sort proceed from those who wish to make trouble between Mexico and the United States.