DR. BENJAMIN RUSH: He who shall introduce into public affairs the principles of primitive Christianity will change the face of the world.

PROFESSOR RICHARD T. ELY, PH. D.: The remedy for social discontent and dynamite bombs is Christianity as taught in the New Testament.

HON. CARROLL D. WRIGHT, COMMISSIONER U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR I believe that in the adoption of the philosophy of the religion of Jesus Christ as a practical creed for the conduct of business lies the surest and speediest solution of those industrial difficulties which are exciting the minds of men to-day, and leading many to think that the crisis of government is at hand.

WILLIAM EWART GLADSTONE: Talk about the questions of the day; there is but one question and that is the Gospel. It can and will correct everything needing correction.

LOUIS KOSSUTH: If the doctrines of Christianity which are found in the New Testament could be applied to human society, I believe the social problem could be got at.—Quoted, Christianity Practically Applied, I. 463.

R. S. MACARTHUR, D. D. : We do not want an unchristian philanthropy; neither ought we to have an unphilanthropic Christianity.—In Christian Work.

PASTOR FREDERICK NEUMANN, Frankfort, Germany: I am convinced that if Jesus were among us now he would deal less with the blind than with the unemployed, for the misery of the workless is greater than the misery of the blind.

In the desert of dry economic discussion we shall hear once more the cry of the Psalmist, "As the heart panteth after the water-brooks, so panteth my soul after thee, O God."` Faith, long repressed, shall burst forth with a gladness as of long-locked waters. We shall know at last that we must be in Christ before we can work with Christ.-Quoted from The Outlook, March 30, 1895.

THOMAS CARLYLE: The Speaking Function, this of Truth coming to us with a living voice, nay in a living shape, and as a concrete practical exemplar: this, with all our Writing and Printing Function, has a perennial place. Could he but find the point again,-take the old spectacles off his nose, and looking up discover, almost in contact with him, what the real Satanas and soul-devouring, world-devouring Devil, now is! Original Sin and such like are bad enough, I doubt not; but distilled Gin, dark Ignorance, Stupidity, dark Corn-Law, Bastile and Company, what are they? Will he discover our new real Satan, whom he has to fight; or go on droning through his old nose spectacles about old extinct Satans; and never see the real one, till he feel him at his own throat and ours? That is the question for the world.-Past and Present, Book iv. Ch. 1.

21

UNIVERSITY

OF

CALIFORNIA

PRINCETON LECTURES

ON

PRACTICAL CHRISTIAN SOCIOLOGY.

I. FROM THE STANDPOINT OF THE CHURCH.

1. THE humanitarianism of the Sermon on the Mount was not proclaimed by Christ until the second year of his ministry. It was preceded, in the first Christ's Huyear, by the sermon on worship at Jacob's manitarianism. Well, and that was preceded by the sermon to Nicodemus on regeneration, and that was preceded by the proclamation of atonement at the very beginning of Christ's ministry in the greeting of John the Baptist, "Behold the Lamb of God, that taketh away the sin of the world." Note Christ's order: atonement, regeneration, worship, humanitarianism. We should neither begin with humanitarianism nor end with worship.

The Christian development of human individuality is the spinal cord in the history of civilization; but the hour is come for Christian sociology, which is the study of society from a Christian standpoint with a view to its Christianization.'

2. The heart of Christian sociology is the Kingship of Christ. The individual is saved by his cross, but society is saved by his crown, that is, by Kingship of the application of the law of Christ to all Christ. human associations-to the family, the school, the shop. the Church, the state.

NOTE. The figures in the text refer to notes in the Appendix.

Law of Christ.

§ 3. The law of Christ, which is to be thus applied, includes more than that trilogy of love, the "new commandment," the Golden Rule, and the Royal Law. Those two words of Christ, "My commandments," include many other New Testament laws. The general opinion that there are only ten commandments is not more unscriptural than that equally common opinion that the Decalogue is not strictly a part of the law of Christ. It is his not only in that he indorsed it, but also in that he originally proclaimed it. The Divine Person who gave the law on Sinai was seen3 and therefore the Son, for "No man hath seen God [that is, the Father] at any time; the only begotten Son who is in the bosom of the Father, he hath declared [or revealed] him."

But when the laws and law principles of the Old Testament have been added to those of the New, we have not yet before us the complete law of Christ, which includes also the so-called "laws of Nature," "the Oldest Testament," of which Christ is divinely declared to be the author. "In the beginning was the Word. The world was made by him, and the world knew him not." Nor does it yet know Christ as its Creator. Although John three times declares that "the world was made by him," who was "made flesh and dwelt among us"; and although the book of Hebrews twice declares the same; and although Paul in Colossians, which presents Christ as King of the Cosmos as well as King of the Church, proclaims that in him were all things created, and that with him all creation is filled, and that by him all things "hold together," yet how seldom to a child's curious questions about the great world does anyone answer "Jesus made it"! He is known as the author of "the new creation," only-as Redeemer, but not as Creator. If the so-called "Apostles' Creed," which is partly responsible for the exclusion of Christ from the work of

creation, is to be made truly apostolic, in view of the foregoing words of apostles we must change a word and say, "I believe in God the Father, Almighty, Maker of Heaven and earth through Jesus Christ His only begotten Son, our Lord." Natural science, by its evidences of design, order, and progress, proves mind in nature; Scripture proclaims that mind to be "the mind of Christ," whom we disobey whenever we disregard a law written in our bodies as surely as if it were written in our Bible.

§ 4. The most serious error that has come down to us from the Middle Ages, one of much greater harmfulness than many theological and ecclesiastical

"Secular"

errors more discussed, is the unwarranted, and "Sacred." unscriptural division of life into "sacred" and "secular," the double standard of piety, as unwarranted as the double standard of purity-the attempted withdrawal of the larger part of life from the crown of Christ, to which by right it is all equally subject. His Kingdom includes the mineral kingdom, and so silver legislation; the vegetable and animal kingdom, and so the county fairs; as well as the spiritual kingdom, to which, rather than the animal kingdom, man really belongs by right of his highest faculties.

The venerable Emperor William I. of Germany, addressing school children, asked, "To what kingdom does this stone belong?" "To the mineral kingdom," was the reply. "And to what kingdom this flower?" "To the vegetable kingdom." "And to what kingdom. do I belong?" The children, wiser than their books, instinctively refused to classify their emperor with animals. After a brief silence a child said reverently, "To God's Kingdom, Sire," a fact of which our political leaders also need to be reminded.

Let a little child lead us to effective protest against the unchristian and unscientific classification of man with