POPULATION, comparative of the political divisions of North America, 192. Of the United States. PORTO BELLO harbour, first discovered by Columbus, PORTO RIO, first discovered by Columbus, 4. POTOMAC, river, 85. 114. PRAIRIES of the North American continent, 56. QUADRUPEDS of North America, 158. QUAKERS, the, under Penn, first settled Pennsyl- RAIN, quantity of, which falls in North America, 153. 9. His ill success in attempting to settle it, ib. RARITAN, river, 116. RED RIVER, country round about, 65. Its origin REGNIERE, mount, 35. RELIGION of the United States, 289. Of the Ca- REPRESENTATIVES, House of, in the United States, REVENUE, expenditure, &c. of the United States, RHODE ISLAND, first settled, 11. RICE of North America, 154. RIO DEL NORTE, 101. RIO JANEIRO, 15. RIVERS and LAKES of North America, 76-101. ROBALT, J. discovers the rivers St. Mary's and Port Royal, Florida, 8. ROCHE, La, arrives at Canada, 8. ROCKY or Chippewan mountains, 28, 29. Mexican ROUND TOP mountains, 42. SADDLE, mountains, 39. SALVADOR, St. Columbus first lands there, 4. SANTEE, river, 85. SASCATCHAWINE, river, 71.98. SAVANNAH, harbour of the, 19. Rivers, 85-110. SENATE of United States, 202. SLAVE, river, 97. Lake, ib. SMITH, Captain, explores the coast of Massachusetts, 11. North America, 125. SUGAR, maple, of North America, 157. TABLE-LAND round the basin of the Mississippi, its TRINIDAD, first discovered by Columbus, 4. UNIVERSITIES of the United States, 308-318. VELA, cape, coasted by Columbus, 4. VIRGINIA, attempted to be planted by Sir Walter WABASH, river, 83. WARM regions of North America, 149, 150. Springs, WASHINGTON, mount, 44. WEIGHT of quadrupeds in Europe and America com- TROPICAL productions carried by the gulf stream, 18. WEST INDIA islands, probably once a tract of TULA, river, 100. TURTLA, volcanic character of, 34. UMBAGOG, lake, 48. UNITED STATES, character of the coast of, 19. Har- land, 16. PART II. - SOUTH AMERICA. ACCINCHINALI of South America, its medicinal vir- ARTS, state of the, in Columbia, 112. AETITES of Peru, 73. ÆTNA, its height, 9. ALCO, the, of America, 82. ATURES, cataracts of, 13. ALLIGATOR, the, of America, 86. Mode of catching BARK, Peruvian, 65. it, 87. ALPACA, the, of South America, 80. AMAZONS, river, 12. AMERICA, South, its general description, 1. Divi- BARRAGAN, river, 14. BATATE of South America, 55. BAYS of South America, 24-29. BIOBIO, river, 21. BIRDS of South America, 83-85. BLUE mountains of Jamaica, their height, 9. BOGOTA, 107. BORRACHOS, cape, 30. 142. BRITISH possessions in South America, their extent, BUENA VENTURA, 25. CACOMITE of South America, 56. CÆSAR river, 11. CAJAMBE, its height, 9. GUARACAYO, strait of, 12. GUAVIARI river, 13. GUAYABA of South America, its virtues, 65. CALAQUALA of South America, its medicinal virtues, GUAYARE river, 14. GUAYAQUIL, gulf of, 26. Town, 107. 65. CULEN of South America, a vermifuge, 65. GUIA, cape, 30. GUINDO mountain, mines of, 45. GULFS of South America, 24. GUMS of South America, 24. MAIRE, LE, straits of, 28. CUMANA, gulf of, 26. Province of, its climate, 32. MAIZE, or Indian wheat, 53. Town, 107. JUNAGUARIS, the, of South America, 76. EARTHQUAKES in Chili, 39. EDUCATION and literature in Columbia, 113, 114. ESQUILACHE mines, 44. EXPORTS of Columbia, 110. Of Brazil, 137. FISH of South America, 86.90. FLYING snake of South America, 92. FOSSILS of South America, 71. FRIGATA, the, 85. FRUIT trees of South America, 57. GARDEN and fruit trees of South America, 57 GEMMI in Switzerland, its height, 9. GERAES MINAS, its copper, 52. GOATS of South America, 74. GOLD mines of Brazil, manner of their discovery, 47. GRANACION, its height, 9. VOL. II. MANATI, the, 89. MANGLE tree, the, 67. MANIOC of South America, 55. MANTA, the, of Quito, 90. MANUFACTURES of Columbia, 111. MANZERA, island of, 25. MARACAIBO, 107. MARAGNON, river of, 12. First discovered by Pin- zon, ib. Tree, 68. MARANHAM, bay of, 28. MATUPALO tree, 68. MAULE river, 23. META river, 13. METEORS in South America, 36. MEXICO, its vegetable productions, 53. its wheat, ib. Fruits of, 53. MICA of South America, 63. MIGUEL SAN, gulf of, 25. MINERALOGY of the Andes, 4. 6. plains, 5. Of their MINERALS of South America, 70-73. Of Brazil, 129. SEA-COW, the, 89. Sea-lion, ib. SEGURO ports, 27. ONOTOMECAS islands, 13. ORINOCO, river of, 13. Islands of, ib. Names of, SNAKES of South America, 91-93. 14. Mouths of, ib. Phenomena of, 15. PALOMAS islands, 13. PAMBOMARCA, its height, 9. PANAMA, bay of, 24. PAPAS or Potatoes of South America, 55. PARAGUAY, river of, 16. Herb of, 61. PARANA river, 16, 17. PARIME lake, 23. SOLIS, a name first given to the La Plata, 16. STONE of the cross, 71. STONES and FOSSILS of South America, 71-73. SULPHUR of BRAZIL, 52. TABLE-MOUNTAIN at the Cape, its height, 9. TENERIFFE, peak of, its height, 9. TIN of Brazil, 52. TODOS SANTOs bay, 27. TONQUARAGUO, its height, 9. TUCUMAN, climate of, 34. PINUS CUPRESSOIDES of South America, 68. VALDIVIA, river, 21. Harbour of, 25. VALENCIA, lake, 23. tion, 10. VICHADA, river, 13. PLANTAIN fruit described, 54. VICUNNA, the, of South America, 81. PLATA, LA, river, 16. VILLARICA, volcano, 38. POPAYAN, 107. VILLIVA, point, 30. PORTO BELLO, 107. VOLCANOES in South America, 38. PORTO CABELLA, 107 PORTUGAL, its former revenue from the mines of UNITED PROVINCES of South America, their ex AMERICAN COMPANY, the RUSSIAN, a company originally projected in the middle of the last century, by two Russian mercantile houses of the names of Schelikoff and Golikoff, and formed in 1785 into a regular company, to encourage the fur-trade. Schelikoff himself was the commander of its early adventures. They erected a chain of factories protected by forts on most of the Aleutian islands. The emperor Paul was at one time disposed to suppress the association, when the company pledged itself, through its agent M. Von Resanoff, to more regular proceedings. The late emperor took it under his particular patronage; and his intelligent minister Romanzoff introduced many useful changes in its constitution. The condition of the fur-collectors of the company, called promüschleniks, is said, however, to be still wretched, and only to be exceeded by that of the oppressed Aleutians, who are, in turn, their slaves, and from whom their staple-trade has been almost entirely wrested. AMERICANA, in entomology, a species of American chrysomela, and of which a variety is found in the south of France. The general colour is greenish gold, with five sanguineous red lines upon the wing-cases. Fab. & Gmel. It feeds on the lavandula. AMERICANORUM, in entomology, a species of American apis, described by Fabricius. It is hairy and black; anterior part of the thorax yellow; abdomen yellow, black at the end. Fab. Spec. Ins. AMERICIMA, in zoology, a species of lizard in Brazil, very small, being not above two inches and a half long, and of the thickness of a swan's quill. Its body appears square and is covered with glossy scales; its feet are not thicker than hogs' bristles. It is reckoned poisonous. AMERICUS VESPUCIUS, or VESPUCCI. See VESPUCCI, and AMERICA, section 6. AMERIMNUM, or AMERIMNON, in botany, a genus of the diadelphia decandria class and order, of the natural order of papilionaceæ or leguminosæ; the characters of which are: CAL. a one-leafed perianthium, tube bell-shaped, fivetoothed, the teeth sharp: COR. papilionaceous, standard with an oblong claw, roundish, heartshaped, expanding and convex, wings lanceolate, shorter than the standard, and keel short; the stamina have ten filaments conjoined, anthers roundish: PIST. a germ pedicelled, oblong, compressed, leafy, varicose, with lateral veins, within woody, not gaping; cells disposed longitudinally within: SEEDS Solitary, kidney-shaped, thicker at the base, appendicled at the top. There are two species, viz. 1. A. Brownei, a native of Carthagena, Jamaica, and Domingo. 2. A. Ebenus, prickly A. or Jamaica ebony, pterocarpus sessilifolius of Lin. p. buxifolius of Murray and Aiton. AMERKOTE, or AMARAKATA, the fort of the immortals. A town in the province of Sinde, situated about thirty miles east from the river Indus. Lat. 26° 23′ N., long. 70°24′ E. It was formerly an independent principality, held by the Jada Rapoots; but, standing on the frontier of Joudpoor and Sandi, was seized by the rajah of Joudpoor, to whom it now belongs. The emperor Akbar was born here. AMERONGIN, a lordship and town of the Netherlands, in the district of Zeyst, province of Utrecht, fourteen miles east-south-east of Utrecht. Inhabitants about 1000. AMERSFORT, a city of the Netherlands, in Utrecht, seated on the Ems, twelve miles east of Utrecht, and thirty-two south of Amsterdam. The most remarkable buildings are the townhouse; the grand palace, which is triangular; and the great church, dedicated to St. George. It had a võte among the states of the province before the revolution; but afterwards became the capital of the quarter of Zoesdyk, in the department of Utrecht; and was made in 1810 the head of a canton in the French department of the Zuyder Zee. The land to the east and south is very fruitful; on the north there is pasture ground, and on the west it is woody. It has a manufacture of dimity and bombazines, a glass-house, and a good trade in corn. Population about 8000. Long. 5° 40′ E. lat. 52° 14 ́ Ν. AMERSHAM, or AGMONDESHAM, an ancient borough and market-town in Buckinghamshire, consisting of about 500 houses, with a free school, and four alms-houses. It is situated on the Chiltern bills, near the river Coln, and consists of a long street on the road-side from Uxbridge to Buckingham, divided in the middle by a shorter cross street. In the angle stands the church, a Gothic structure. It lies twelve miles from Aylesbury, twenty-six south-east of Buckingham, and twenty-six north-west of London, and is the best rectory in the county. It sends two members to parliament; has a market on Tuesday; two fairs, on Whit-Monday and 29th September; and has a good trade in black lace. The market-house is a very handsome structure with a lantern. AMES (William, D. D.), a learned Calvinistic divine, in the reigns of James I. and Charles I. famous for his controversial writings, which are now but little known. He was of a respectable Norfolk family; born in 1576. He died at Rotterdam in 1633. He wrote, 1. A fresh Suit against the Ceremonies. 2. Lectiones in Psalmos Davidis. 3. Medulla Theologiæ; and several scientific pieces. AMES (Joseph), secretary to the society of antiquaries, was originally a ship-chandler in Wapping. He devoted himself to the study of antiquities, in which he acquired great eminence, and published a work, entitled Typographical Antiquities, being an historical account of printing in England, with some memoirs of our ancient printers. His principal works are:-1. Catalogue of English Printers from 1471 to 1700. 4to. 2. An Index to Lord Pembroke's Coins. 3. A Catalogue of English Heads, or, an account of 2000 English prints, describing what is peculiar to each. 4. Parentalia, or Memoirs of the family of Wren, 1750, folio. He died in 1759. AMES (Fisher), one of the most celebrated native writers of the United States, was born April 9, 1758, at Dedham, nine miles south of Boston. His father, Dr. Nathaniel Ames, a physician, died in 1764, leaving his mother with four sons and one daughter; Fisher being the youngest: and though his mother was left in narrow circumstances, she determined to afford him a good education. He accordingly began to study the Latin when he was six years of age, and in July, 1770, was admitted to Harvard College. Here the sing singular union of modesty and vivacity in his manners endeared him both to his companions and his instructors. Mr. Ames was early celebrated for extemporaneous eloquence. Though resolved to practise the law, he was several years before he entered on a course of professional study; and maintained himself at this period chiefly by teaching a school. At length he commenced his professional career at Dedham in 1781, and was soon distinguished as a superior pleader. In the contest between the colonies and the mother-country Mr. Ames steadily opposed the forcing a depreciated paper currency on his countrymen; and took a considerable share in the convention for ratifying the federal constitution in 1788. He was chosen the same year a member of the house of representatives; and for eight years continued a firm supporter of Washington's administration. In the controversy which took place between Britain and America respecting the privileges of neutral powers during war, he espoused the cause of the belligerent, pleading warmly for the exercise of the maritime rights of Britain in their full extent, and steady in his hostility to the policy of France. He retired from public business in 1796, but continued to furnish the press of the United States with some of its best political essays until 1802. He died on the 4th of July, 1804. AMESBURY, or AMBRESBURY, a market |