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be feasible reflect the relative membership of the majority and minority parties in the Senate and House of Representatives.

SEC. 302. It shall be the function of the joint committee to make a continuing study of matters relating to civil rights, including the rights, privilege, and immunities secured and protected by the Constitution and laws of the United States; to study means of improving respect for and enforcement of civil rights; and to advise with the several committees of the Congress dealing with legislation relating to civil rights.

SEC. 303. Vacancies in the membership of the joint committee shall not affect the power of the remaining members to execute the functions of the joint committee and shall be filled in the same manner as in the case of the original selection. The joint committee shall select a chairman and a vice chairman from among its members.

SEC. 301. The joint committee, or any duly authorized subcommittee thereof, is authorized to hold such hearings, to sit and act at such places and times, to require, by subpena or otherwise, the attendance of such witnesses and the production of such books, papers, and documents, to administer such oaths, and to take such testimony, as it deems advisable. The provisions of sections 102 to 104, inclusive, of the Revised Statutes, as amended (2 U. S. C. 192, 193, 194), shall apply in case of any failure of any witness to comply with a subpena or to testify when summoned under authority of this section. Within the limitations of its appropriations, the joint committee is empowered to appoint and fix the compensation of such experts, consultants, technicians, and clerical and stenographic assistance, to procure such printing and binding, and to make such expenditures as, in its discretion, it deems necessary and advisable. The cost of stenographic services to report hearings of the joint committee, or any subcommittee thereof, shall not exceed 40 cents per hundred words.

SEC. 305. Funds appropriated to the joint committee shall be disbursed by the Secretary of the Senate on vouchers signed by the chairman and vice chairman.

SEC. 306. The joint committee may constitute such advisory committees and may consult with such representatives of State and local governments and private organizations as it deems advisable.

TITLE IV-CRIMINAL LAWS, PROTECTING CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS, PRIVILEGES, AND IMMUNITIES

SEC. 401. Title 18, United States Code, section 241, is amended to read as follows:

"g 241. Conspiracy against rights of citizens

"(a) If two or more persons conspire to injure, oppress, threaten, or intimidate any inhabitant of any State, Territory, or District in the free exercise or enjoyment of any right or privilege secured to him by the Constitution or laws of the United States, or because of his having so exercised the same; or "If two or more persons go in disguise on the highway, or on the premises of another, with intent to prevent or hinder his free exercise or enjoyment of any right or privilege so secured, they shall be fined not more than $5,000 or imprisoned not more than ten years, or both.

"(b) If any person injures, oppresses, threatens, or intimidates any inhabitant of any State, Territory, or District in the free exercise or enjoyment of any right or privilege secured to him by the Constitution or laws of the United States, or because of his having so exercised the same; or

“If any person goes in disguise on the highway, or on the premises of another, with intent to prevent or hinder his free exercise or enjoyment of any right or privilege so secured, such person shall be fined not more than $1,000 or imprisoned not more than one year, or both; or shall be fined not more than $10,000 or imprisoned not more than twenty years, or both, if the injury or other wrongful conduct herein shall cause the death or maiming of the person so injured or wronged."

SEC. 402. Title 18, United States Code, section 242, is amended to read as follows:

"8 242. Deprivation of rights under color of law

"Whoever, under color of any law, statute, ordinance, regulation, or custom, willfully subjects, or causes to be subjected, any inhabitant of any State, Territory, or District to the deprivation of any rights, privileges, or immunities

secured or protected by the Constitution and laws of the United States, or to different punishments, pains, or penalties, on account of such inhabitant being an alien, or by reason of his color or race, than are prescribed for the punishment of citizens, shall be fined not more than $1,000 or imprisoned not more than one year, or both; or shall be fined not more than $10,000 or imprisoned not more than twenty years, or both, if the deprivation, different punishment, or other wrongful conduct herein shall cause the death or maiming of the person so injured or wronged."

SEC. 403. Title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding after section 242 thereof the following new section:

Ҥ 242A. Enumeration of rights, privileges, and immunities

"The rights, privileges, and immunities referred to in section 242 shall be deemed to include, but shall not be limited to, the following:

"(1) The right to be immune from exactions of fines, or deprivations of property, without due process of law.

"(2) The right to be immune from punishment for crime or alleged criminal offenses except after a fair trial and upon conviction and sentence pursuant to due process of law.

"(3) The right to be immune from physical violence applied to exact testimoney or to compel confession of crime or alleged offenses.

"(4) The right to be free of illegal restraint of the person.

"(5) The right to protection of person and property without discrimination by reason of race, color, religion, or national origin.

"(6) The right to vote as protected by Federal law."

SEC. 404. If any provision of this title or the application thereof to any person or circumstance is held invalid, the validity of the remainder of the title and of the application of such provision to other persons and circumstances shall not be affected thereby.

TITLE V-LAWS PROTECTING RIGHT TO POLITICAL PARTICIPATION SEC. 501. Title 18, United States Code, section 594, is amended to read as follows:

"594. Intimidation of voters

"Whoever intimidates, threatens, coerces, or attempts to intimidate, threaten, or coerce, any other person for the purpose of interfering with the right of such other person to vote or to vote as he may choose, or of causing such other person to vote for, or not to vote for, any candidate for the office of President, Vice President, Presidential elector, Member of the Senate, or Member of the House of Representatives, Delegates or Commissioners from the Territories and possessions, at any general, special, or primary election held solely or in part for the purpose of selecting or electing such candidate, shall be fined not more than $1,000 or imprisoned not more than one year, or both."

SEC. 502. Section 2004 of the Revised Statutes (42 U. S. C. 1971) is amended to read as follows:

"SEC. 2004. All citizens of the United States who are otherwise eligible by law shall be entitled to and allowed the same and equal opportunity to qualify to vote and to vote at any general, special, or primary election by the people conducted in or by any State, Territory, district, county, city, parish, township, school district, municipality, or other Territorial subdivision, without distinction, direct or indirect, based on race, color, religion, or national origin; any constitution, law, custom, usage, or regulation of any State or Territory, or by or under its authority, to the contrary notwithstanding. The right to qualify to vote and to vote, as set forth herein, shall be deemed a right within the meaning of, and protected by, the provisions of title 18, United States Code, section 242, as amended, section 1979 of the Revised Statutes (42 U. S. C. 1983), and other applicable provisions of law."

SEC. 503. If any provision of this title or the application thereof to any person or circumstance is held invalid, the validity of the remainder of the title and of the application of such provision to other persons and circumstances shall not be affected thereby.

TITLE VI-CRIMINAL LAWS RELATING TO CONVICT LABOR, PEONAGE, SLAVERY, AND INVOLUNTARY SERVITUDE

SEC. 601. Subsection (a) of section 1581 of title 18, United States Code, is amended to read as follows:

"(a) Whoever holds or returns any person to a condition of peonage, or arrests any person with the intent of placing him in or returning him to a condition of peonage, or attempts to hold, return, or arrest any person with such intent, shall be fined not more than $5,000 or imprisoned not more than five years, or both."

SEC. 602. Section 1583 of such title is amended to read as follows:

"1583. Enticement into slavery

"Whoever holds or kidnaps or carries away any other person, or attempts to hold, kidnap, or carry away any other person, with the intent that such other person be held in or sold into involuntary servitude, or held as a slave; or

"Whoever entices, persuades, or induces, or attempts to entice, persuade, or induce, any other person to go on board any vessel or other means of transportation or to any other place within or beyond the United States with the intent that he be made a slave or held in involuntary servitude, shall be fined not more than $5,000 or imprisoned not more than five years, or both." SEC. 603. Section 1584 of such title is amended to read as follows:

"§ 1584. Sale into involuntary servitude

"Whoever knowingly and willfully holds to involuntary servitude, or sells into any condition of involuntary servitude, any other person for any term, or brings within the United States any person so held, or attempts to commit any of the foregoing acts, shall be fined not more than $5,000 or imprisoned not more than five years, or both.”

TITLE VII-PROHIBITION AGAINST DISCRIMINATION IN INTERSTATE

TRANSPORTATION

SEC. 101. (a) All persons traveling within the jurisdiction of the United States shall be entitled to the full and equal enjoyment of the accommodations, advantages, and privileges of any public conveyance operated by a common carrier engaged in furnishing transportation in interstate or foreign commerce, and of all facilities furnished or connected with such transportation, subject only to conditions and limitations applicable alike to all persons, without discrimination or segregation based on race, color, religion, or national origin.

(b) Whoever, whether acting in a private, public, or official capacity, denies or attempts to deny to any person traveling within the jurisdiction of the United States the full and equal enjoyment of any accommodation, advantage, or privilege of a public conveyance operated by a common carrier engaged in furnishing transportation of persons in interstate or foreign commerce or of any facility furnished or connected with such transportation, except for reasons applicable alike to all persons of every race, color, religion, or national origin, or whoever incites or otherwise participates in such denial or attempt, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and shall, upon conviction, be subject to a fine of not to exceed $1,000 for each offense.

SEC. 702. It shall be unlawful for any common carrier engaged in furnishing transportation of persons in interstate or foreign commerce, or any officer, agent, or employee thereof, to segregate, or attempt to segregate, or otherwise discriminate against passengers using any public conveyance of such carrier on account of the race, color, religion, or national origin of such passengers. It shall be unlawful for any person operating any facility furnished or connected with transportation of persons in interstate or foreign commerce, or any officer, agent, or employee thereof, to segregate, or attempt to segregate, or otherwise discriminate against such passengers on account of the race, color, religion, or national origin of such passengers. Any such carrier, or officer, agent, or employee thereof, or any such person, or officer agent, or employee thereof, who segregates or attempts to segregate such passengers or otherwise discriminates against them on account of race, color, religion, or national origin shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and shall, upon conviction, be subject to a fine of not to exceed $1,000 for each offense.

SEC. 703. For the purposes of this title, the facilities furnished or connected with the transportation of persons in interstate or foreign commerce include,

but are not limited to, waiting rooms, restrooms. restaurants, lunch counters, and similar facilities, and taxcabs and limousines, operated to service passengers using the public conoveyances of carriers engaged in furnishing transportation of persons in interstate or foreign commerce.

TITLE VIII-FEDERAL EQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY IN EMPLOYMENT ACT

SHORT TITLE

SEC. 801. This title may be cited as the "Federal Equality of Opportunity in Employment Act".

FINDINGS AND DECLARATIONS OF POLICY

SEO. 802. (a) The Congress hereby finds that, despite the continuing progress of our Nation, the practice of discrimination in employment against properly qualified persons because of their race, religion, color, national origin, or ancestry is contrary to the American principles of liberty and of equality of opportunity, is incompatible with the Constitution, forces large segments of our population into substandard conditions of living. foments industrial strife and domestic unrest, deprives the United tates of the fullest utilization of its capacities for production, endangers the national security and the general welfare, and adversely affects the domestic and foreign commerce of the United States.

(b) The right to employment without discrimination because of race, religion, color, national origin, or ancestry is hereby recognized as and declared to be a civil right of all the people of the United States.

(c) The Congress further declares that the succeeding provisions of this title are necessary for the following purposes:

(1) To remove obstructions to the free flow of commerce among the States and with foreign nations.

(2) To insure the more complete and full enjoyment by all persons of the rights, privileges, and immunities secured and protected by the Constitution of the United States.

(3) To advance toward fulfillment of the international treaty obligations imposed by the Charter of the United Nations upon the United States as a signatory thereof to promote "universal respect for, and observance of, human rights and fundamental freedoms for all without distinction as to race, sex, language, or religion".

DEFINITIONS

SEC. 803. As used in this title

(a) The term "person" includes one or more individuals, partnerships, associations, corporations, legal representatives, trustees, trustees in bankruptcy, receivers, or any organized group of persons and any agency or instrumentality of the United States, including the District of Columbia, or of any Territory or possession thereof.

(b) The term "employer" means a person engaged in commerce or in operations affecting commerce having in his employ fifty or more individuals; any agency or instrumentality of the United States, including the District of Columbia, or of any Territory or possession thereof; and any person acting in the interest of an employer, directly or indirectly; but shall not include any State or municipality or political subdivision thereof, or any religious, charitable. fraternal, social, educational, or sectarian corporation or association, if no part of the net earnings inures to the benefit of any private shareholder or individual, other than a labor organization.

(c) The term "employment agency" means any person undertaking with or without compensation to procure employees or opportunities to work for an employer; but shall not include any State or municipality or political subdivision thereof, or any religious, charitable, fraternal, social, educational, or sectarian corporation or association, if no part of the net earnings inures to the benefit of any private shareholder or individual.

(d) The term "labor organization" means any organization, having fifty or more members employed by any employer or employers, which exists for the purpose, in whole or in part, of collective bargaining or of dealing with employers concerning grievances, labor disputes, wages, rates of pay, hours of

employment, terms or conditions of employment, or for other mutual aid or protection in connection with employment.

(e) The term "commerce" means trade, traffic, commerce, transportation, or communication among the several States; or between any State, Territory, possession, or the District of Columbia and any place outside thereof; or within the District of Columbia or any Territory or possession; or between points in the same State, the District of Columbia, or any Territory or possession but through any point outside thereof.

(f) The term "affecting commerce" means in commerce, or burdening or obstructing commerce or the free flow of commerce.

(g) The term "Commission" means the Equality of Opportunity in Employment Commission, created by section 806 hereof.

EXEMPTION

SEC. 804. This title shall not apply to any employer with respect to the employment of aliens outside the continental United States, its Territories and possessions.

UNLAWFUL. EMPLOYMENT PRACTICES DEFINED

SEC. 805. (a) It shall be an unlawful employment practice for an employer(1) to refuse to hire, to discharge, or otherwise to discriminate against any individual with respect to his compensation, terms, conditions, or privileges of employment because of such individual's race, religion, color, national origin, or ancestry;

(2) to utilize in the hiring or recruitment of individuals for employment any employment agency, placement service, training school or center, labor organization, or any other source which discriminates against such individuals because of their race, religion, color, national origin, or ancestry. (b) It shall be an unlawful employment practice for an employment agency to fail or refuse to properly classify or refer for employment, or otherwise to discriminate against any individual because of his race, color, religion, national origin, or ancestry.

(c) It shall be an unlawful employment practice for a labor organization—

(1) to exclude or to expel from its membership, or otherwise to discriminate against, any individual or any employer because of the race, color, religion, national origin, or ancestry of any individual;

(2) to cause or attempt to force an employer to discriminate against an individual in violation of this section.

(d) It shall be an unlawful employment practice for any employer, employment agency, or labor organization to discharge, expel, or otherwise discriminate against any person, because he has opposed any unlawful employment practice or has filed a charge, testified, participated, or assisted in any proceeding under this title.

THE EQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY IN EMPLOYMENT COMMISSION

SEC. 806. (a) There is hereby created a Commission to be known as the Equality of Opportunity in Employment Commission, which shall be composed of seven members who shall be appointed by the President by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. One of the original members shall be appointed for a term of one year, one for a term of two years, one for a term of three years, one for a term of four years, one for a term of five years, one for a term of six years, and one for a term of seven years, but their successors shall be appointed for terms of seven years each, except that any individual chosen to fill a vacancy shall be appointed only for the unexpired term of the member whom he shall succeed. The President shall designate one member to serve as Chairman of the Commission. Any member of the Commission may be removed by the President upon notice and hearing for neglect of duty or malfeasance in office, but for no other cause.

(b) A vacancy in the Commission shall not impair the right of the remaining members to exercise all the powers of the Commission and three members thereof shall constitute a quorum.

(c) The Commission shall have an official seal which shall be judicially noted. (d) The Commission shall at the close of each fiscal year report to the Congress and to the President concerning the cases it has heard; the decisions it has

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