Facing Facts: Realism in American Thought and Culture, 1850-1920Oxford University Press, 1995 - 394 páginas "A true poem," Walt Whitman proclaimed in 1852, "is the daily newspaper"--and American culture was never the same again. Like a blast of cold air in a stuffy drawing room, Whitman's campaign to give artistic representation to gritty reality shocked the genteel artistic elite of the 1850s; but the brassy poet's efforts helped generate a revolution in American life and thought. Four decades later, Willa Cather could declare that the "public demands realism, and they will have it." In Facing Facts, David Shi provides the most comprehensive history to date of the rise of realism in American culture. He vividly captures the character and sweep of this all-encompassing movement--ranging from Winslow Homer to the rise of the Ash Can school, from Whitman to Henry James to Theodore Dreiser. He begins with a look at the idealist atmosphere of the antebellum years, when otherwordly themes were considered the only fit subject for art (Hawthorne wrote that "the grosser life is a dream, and the spiritual life is a reality"). Whitman's assault on these standards coincided with sweeping changes in American society: the bloody Civil War, the aggressive advance of a modern scientific spirit, the popularity of photography, the expansion of cities, capitalism, and the middle class--all worked to shake the foundations of genteel idealism and sentimental romanticism. Both artists and the public developed an ever-expanding appetite for hard facts, and for art that accurately depicted them. As Shi proceeds through the nineteenth century, he traces the realist revolution in each major area of arts and letters, combining an astute analysis of the movement's essential themes with incisive portraits of its leading practitioners. Here we see Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr., shaken to stern realism by the horrors of the Civil War; the influence of Walt Whitman on painter Thomas Eakins and architect Louis Sullivan, a leader of the Chicago school; the local-color verisimilitude of Louisa May Alcott and Sarah Orne Jewett; and the impact of urban squalor on intrepid young writers such as Stephen Crane. In the process of surveying nineteenth-century cultural history, Shi provides fascinating insights into the specific concerns of the realist movement--in particular, the nation's growing obsession with gender roles. Realism, he writes, was in many respects an effort to revive masculine virtues in the face of declining virility. During the twentieth century, a new modernist sensibility challenged the now-orthodox tenets of realism: "Is it not time," one critic asked, "that we renounce the heresy that it is the function of art to record a fact?" Shi examines why so many Americans answered yes to this question, under influences ranging from psychoanalysis to the First World War. Nuanced, detailed, and comprehensive, Facing Facts provides the definitive account of the realist phenomenon, revealing why it played so great a role in American cultural history, and why it retains its perennial fascination. |
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... mass - circulation metropolitan newspaper . As writer Edward Everett Hale , Jr. , observed , the news- papers offered " a daily advertisement of the attractions of city life . " This was especially true after the development of the so ...
... mass - circulation metropolitan newspaper . As writer Edward Everett Hale , Jr. , observed , the news- papers offered " a daily advertisement of the attractions of city life . " This was especially true after the development of the so ...
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... Mass . , 1979 ) , 55. See also the probing analysis of James in James T. Kloppenberg , Uncertain Victory : Social Democracy and Progressivism in European and American Thought , 1870-1920 ( New York , 1986 ) . 35. WJ , Pragmatism ( 1907 ...
... Mass . , 1979 ) , 55. See also the probing analysis of James in James T. Kloppenberg , Uncertain Victory : Social Democracy and Progressivism in European and American Thought , 1870-1920 ( New York , 1986 ) . 35. WJ , Pragmatism ( 1907 ...
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... Mass . , 1981 ) ; Steven Mintz , A Prison of Expectations : The Family in Victorian Culture ( 1983 ) ; Susan Kellogg , Domestic Revolutions : A Social History of American Family Life ( 1988 ) . 36. Nation 4 ( 21 February 1867 ) : 155–56 ...
... Mass . , 1981 ) ; Steven Mintz , A Prison of Expectations : The Family in Victorian Culture ( 1983 ) ; Susan Kellogg , Domestic Revolutions : A Social History of American Family Life ( 1988 ) . 36. Nation 4 ( 21 February 1867 ) : 155–56 ...
Contenido
Introduction | 3 |
Setting the Stage | 13 |
New Paths | 26 |
Derechos de autor | |
Otras 14 secciones no mostradas
Otras ediciones - Ver todas
Facing Facts: Realism in American Thought and Culture, 1850-1920 David E. Shi Vista previa limitada - 1996 |
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aesthetic American Art American Fiction American Literature April architects architecture Armory Show art critic artists beauty Bellows Boston Cambridge camera characters Charles Chicago Civil contemporary democratic developed Eakins's editor Editor's Study Emerson expression facts feminine force Frank Norris Garland genteel George George Bellows Glackens Hassam Henry James Holmes Howells's human Ibid idealism imagination intellectual January Jewett Journal Letters literary critic literary realism living Louis Sullivan Magazine Maggie March masculine Mass mind modern modernist moral Nation nature nineteenth century Norris's novel novelist November observed outlook painters painting philosophy photographs poet prose readers reality reform representation Review Riis Robert romantic scenes scientific sense sentimental Sister Carrie social society spirit Stephen Crane Stieglitz stories Theodore Dreiser things Thomas Eakins thought truth urban virile Walt Whitman Willa Cather William Dean Howells William James Winslow Homer woman women Wright writers wrote York young