Q. 23. Into what estate did the fall bring mankind? A. The fall brought mankind into an estate of sin and misery. Q. 24. What is sin? A. Sin is any want of conformity unto, or transgression of, any law of God, given as a rule to the reasonable creature". Q. 25. Wherein consisteth the sinfulness of that estate whereinto men fell? A. The sinfulness of that estate whereinto man fell, consisteth in the guilt of Adam's first sin", the want of that righteousness wherein he was created, and the corruption of his nature, whereby he is utterly indisposed, disabled, and made opposite unto all that is spiritually good, and wholly inclined to all evil, and that continually*; which is commonly commonly called Original Sin, and from which do proceed all actual transgressions . mayest freely eat: Ver. 17. But of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, thou shalt not eat of it: for in the day that thou eatest thereof thou shalt surely die. [Compared with Rom. v. 12,-20.] Wherefore, as by one man sin entered into the world, and death by sin; and so death passed upon all men, for that all have sinned. Ver. 15. For if through the offence of one many be dead; ead; much more-Ver. 16. For the judgment was by one to condemnation;-Ver. 17. For if by one man's offence death reigned by one; much more Ver. 18. Therefore, as by the offence of one judgment came upon all men to condemnation; even so-Ver. 19. For as by one man's disobedience many were made sinners; so by the obedience And with 1 Cor. xv. 21. For since by man came death, by man came also the resurrection of the dead. Ver. 22. For as in Adam all die, even so in Christ shall all be made alive. 23. t Rom. v. 12. Wherefore, as by one man sin entered into the world, and death by sin; and so death passed upon all men, for that all have sinned. Rom. iii, 23. For all have sinned, and come short of the glory of God. 24. 1 John iii. 4. Whosoever committeth sin transgresseth also the law: for sin is the transgression of the law. Gal. iii. 10. For as many as are of the works of the law are under the curse: for it is written, Cursed is every one that continueth not in all things which are written in the book of the law to do them. Ver. 12. And the law is not of faith: but, The man that doeth them shall live in them. 25. Rom. v. 12. Wherefore, as by one man sin entered into the world, and death by sin; and so death passed upon all men, for that all have sinned. Ver. 19. For as by one man's disobedience many were made sinners; so by the obedience of one shall many be made righteous. * Rom. iii. 10. As it is written, There is none righteous, no, not one: Ver. 11. There is none that understandeth, there is none that seeketh after God. Ver. 12. They arg Q. 26. How is original sin conveyed from our first parents unto their posterity? A. Original sin is conveyed from our first parents unto their posterity by natural generation, so as all that proceed from them in that way are conceived and born in sin". Q. 27. What misery did the fall bring upon mankind? A. The fall brought upon mankind the loss of communion with God, his displeasure and curse; so as we are by by nature children of wrath, bond slaves to Satan, and justly liable to all punishments in this world, and that which is to come d are all gone out of the way, they are together become unprofitable; there is none that doeth good, no, not one. Ver. 13. Their throat is an open sepulchre; with their tongues they have used deceit; the poison of asps is under their lips: Ver. 14. Whose mouth is full of cursing and bitterness: Ver. 15. Their feet are swift to shed blood: Ver. 16. Destruction and misery are in their ways: Ver. 17. And the way of peace have they not known: Ver. 18. There is no fear of God before their eyes. Ver. 19. Now we know, that what things soever the law saith, it saith to them who are under the law; that every mouth may be stopped, and all the world may be come guilty before God. Eph. ii. 1. And you hath he quickened, who were dead in trespasses and sins: Ver. 2. Wherein in time past ye walked according to the course of this world, according to the prince of the power of the air, the spirit that now worketh in the children of disobedience. Ver. 3. Among whom also we all had our conversation in times past, in the lusts of our flesh, fulfilling the desires of the flesh and of the mind; and were by nature the children of wrath, even as others. Rom. v. 6. For when we were yet without strength, in due time Christ died for the un godly. Rom. viii. 7. Because the carnal mind is enmity against God: for it is not subject to the law of God, neither indeed can be. Ver. 8. So then they that are in the flesh cannot please God. Gen. vi. 5. And God saw that the wickedness of man was great in the earth, and that every imagination of the thoughts of his heart was only evil continually. Y James i. 14. But every man is tempted, when he is drawn away of his own lust, and enticed. Ver. 15. Then when lust hath conceived, it bringeth forth sin; and sin, when it is finished, bringeth forth death. Matth. xv. 19. For out of the heart proceed evil thoughts, murders, adulteries, fornications, thefts, false witness, blasphemies. 26. Psal. li. 5. Behold, I was shapen in iniquity; and in sin did my mother conceive me. Job xiv. 4. Who can bring a clean thing out of an unclean? not one. Job xv. 14. What is man, that he should be clean? and he which is born of a woman, that he should be righteous? John iii. 6. That which is born of the flesh is flesh; and that which is born of the Spirit is spirit. 27. a Gen. iii. 8. And they heard the voice of the Lord God walking in the garden in the cool of the day: and Adam and his wife hid themselves from the presence of the Lord God amongst the trees of the garden. Ver. 10. And he said, I heard thy voice in the garden, and I was afraid, because I was naked; and I hid myself. Ver. 24. So he drove out the man; and he placed at the east of the garden of Eden cherubims, and a flaming sword, which turned every way, to keep the way of the tree of life. b Eph. ii. 2. Wherein in time past ye walked according to the course of this world, according to the prince of the power of the air, the spirit that now worketh in the children of disobedience. Ver. 3. Among whom also we all had our conversation in times past, in the lusts of our flesh, fulfilling the desires of the flesh and of the mind; and were by nature the children of wrath, even as others. Q. 28. What are the punishments of sin in this world? A. The punishments of sin in this world are either inward, as blindness of mind, a reprobate sensef, strong delusions, hardness of hearth, horror of conscience, and vile 2 Tim. ii. 26. And that they may recover themselves out of the snare of the devil, who are taken captive by him at his will. Gen. ii. 17. But of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil thou shalt not eat of it; for in the day that thou eatest thereof thou shalt surely die. Lam. iii. 39. Wherefore doth a living man complain, a man for the punishment of his sins? Rom. vi. 23. For the wages of sin is death; but the gift of God is eternal life, through Jesus Christ our Lord. Matth. xxv. 41. Then shall he say also unto them on the left hand, Depart from me, ye cursed, into everlasting fire, prepared for the devil and his angels. Ver. 46. And these shall go away into everlasting punishment; but the righteous into life eternal. Jude, Ver. 7. Even as. Sodom and Gomorrha, and the cities about them, in like manner giving themselves over to fornication, and going after strange flesh, are set forth for an example, suffering the vengeance of eternal fire. 28.Eph. iv. 18. Having the understanding darkened, being alienated from the life of God through the ignorance that is in them, because of the blindness of their heart. f Rom. i. 28. Even as they did not like to retain God in their knowledge, God gave them over to a reprobate mind, to do those things which are not convenient. 82 Thess. ii. 11. And for this cause God shall send them strong de lusion, that they should believe a lie. h Rom. ii. 5. But after thy hardness and impenitent heart, treasurest up unto thyself wrath against the day of wrath, and revelation of the righteous judgment of God. i Isa. xxxiii. 14. The sinners in Zion are afraid; fearfulness hath surprized the hypocrites: who among us shall dwell with the devouring fire? who among us shall dwell with everlasting burnings? Gen. iv. 18. And Cain said unto the ! vile affections; or outward, as the curse of God upon the creatures for our sakes1, and all other evils that befall us in our bodies, names, estates, relations, and employmentsTM: together with death itself". Q. 29. What are the punishments of sin in the world to come? A. The punishments of sin in the world to come, are everlasting separation from the comfortable presence of God, and most grievous torments in soul and body, without intermission, in hell-fire for evero. Q. 30. Doth God leave all mankind to perish in the estate of sin and misery? A. God doth not leave all men to perish in the estate of sin and misery P, into which they fell by the breach of the first covenant, commonly called the Covenant of Works 4; but the Lord, My punishment is greater than I can bear. Mat. xxvii. 4. Saying, I have sinned, in that I have betrayed the innocent blood. And they said, What is that to us? see thou to that. k Rom. i. 26. For this cause God gave them up unto vile affections: for even their women did change the natural use into that which is against nature. 1 Gen. iii. 17. And unto Adam he said, Because thou hast hearkened unto the voice of thy wife, and hast eaten of the fruit of which I commanded thee, saying, 'Thou shalt not eat of it; cursed is the ground for thy sake; in sorrow shalt thou eat of it all the days of thy life. m Deut. xxviii. 15. to the end. But it shall come to pass, if thou wilt not hearken unto the voice of the Lord thy God, to observe to do all his commandments, and his statutes, which I comniand thee this day, that all these curses shall come upon thee, and overtake thee. Ver. 16. Cursed shalt thou be in the city, and cursed shalt thou be in the field. Ver. 17. Cursed shall be thy basket and thy store. Ver. 18. Cursed shall be the fruit of thy body, and the fruit of thy land, &c. Rom. vi. 21. What fruit had ye then in those things whereof ye are now ashamed? for the end of those things is death. Ver. 23. For the wages of sin is death; but the gift of God is eternal life, through Jesus Christ our Lord. 29.2 Thess. i. 9. Who shall be punished with everlasting destruction from the presence of the Lord, and from the glory of his power. Mark ix. 44, 46, 48, To go into hell,where their worm dieth not, and the fire is not quenched. Luke xvi. 24. And he cried, and said, Father Abraham, have mercy on me, and send Lazarus, that he may dip the tip of his finger in water, and cool my tongue, for I am tormented in this flame. 30. P1 Thess. v. 9. For God hatk not appointed us to wrath; but to obtain salvation by our Lord Jesus Christ. Gal. iii. 10. For as many as are of the works of the law are under the curse: for it is written, Cursed is every one that continueth not but of his mere love and mercy delivereth his elect out of it, and bringeth them into an estate of salvation by the second covenant, commonly called the Covenant of Grace. Q. 31. With whom was the covenant of grace made? A. The covenant of grace was made with Christ as the second Adam, and in him with all the elect as his seeds. Q. 32. How is the grace of God manifested in the second -covenant? A. The grace of God is manifested in the second covenant, in that he freely provideth and offereth to sinners a Mediator, in all things which are written in the book of the law to do them, Ver. 12. And the law is not of faith: but, The man that doeth them shall live in them. Tit. iii. 4. But after that the kindness and love of God our Saviour toward man appeared, Ver. 5. Not by works of righteousness which we have done, but according to his mercy he saved us, by the washing of regeneration, and renew. ing of the Holy Ghost; Ver. 6. Which he shed on us abundantly, through Jesus Christ our Saviour: Ver. 7. That being justified by his grace, we should be made heirs according to the hope of eternal life. Gal. iii. 21. Is the law then against the promises of God? God forbid for if there had been a law given which could have given life, verily righteousness should have been by the law. Rom. iii. 20. Therefore by the deeds of the law there shall no flesh be justified in his sight: for by the law is the knowledge of sin. Ver. 21. But now the righteousness of God without the law is manifested, being witnessed by the law and the prophets; Ver. 22.. Even the righteousness of God, which is by faith of Jesus Christ unto all and upon all them that believe; for there is no difference. and 31. Gal. in. 16. Now to Ab. raham and his seed were the promises made. He saith not, And to seeds, as of many; but as of one, And to thy seed, which is Christ. [Rom. v. 15. to the end.] Isa. liii. 10. Yet it pleased the Lord to bruise him; he hath put him to grief: when thou shalt nrake his soul an offering for sin, he shall see his seed, he shall prolong his days, and the pleasure of the Lord shall prosper in his hand. Ver. 11. He shall see of the travail of his soul, and shall be satisfied: by his knowledge shall my righteous servant justify many; for he shall bear their iniquities. .32. t Gen. iii. 15. And I will put enmity between thee and the woman, and between thy seed and her seed: it shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise his heel. Isa. xlii. 6. I the Lord have called thee in righteousness, and will hold thine hand, and will keep thee, and will give thee for a covenant of the people, for a light of the Gentiles. John vi. 27. Labour not for the meat which perisheth, but for that meat which endureth unto everlasting life, which the Son of man shall give unto you for him hath God the Father sealed. ul John |