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INTRODUCTION,..
CONTENTS.
Page
........xvii.
BOOK I.
ON THE NATURAL GROUNDS OF RIGHT TO VENDIBLE PROPERTY
OR WEALTH, AS ARISING FROM THE MANNER IN WHICH IT IS ·
PRODUCED OR ACQUIRED ORIGINALLY, AND FROM THE CONDI
TIONS NECESSARY TO ITS EXISTENCE IN ANY CONSIDERABLE
QUANTITY OR ABUNDANCE.
CHAPTER I.
Of Wealth, Property, and Value.-Wealth defined,....................
CHAPTER II.
Of the Matter and Forms of Wealth.-Nature of Production,.........
SECT. I.—The Nature of Production explained,........................
..12
..ib.
..18
II.-The Matter and Forms of Wealth reviewed,...........................
CHAPTER III.
Analysis and Classification of Wealth in reference to its different Uses
Of the Class of Non-labourers; or of those Persons who do not labour at
all, or need to labour,.....
.42
SECT. I. That the only Persons entitled to exemption from Labour, are
the Proprietors of Land and the Proprietors of Capital,.....42
II. Of the Manner in which Capital improves the Condition of
the Labouring Class,.........
III. Conclusion of the Chapter,...
....48
....56
CHAPTER VI.
Of the material Means or Instruments of Production, and that these are
the only original Sources of Wealth,
..........61
CHAPTER VII.
Of the Manner in which Capital contributes to Production,...........................................65
SECT. I.—Capital defined—Its potent Agency in Production-Distinc-
!
tion of fixed and circulating Capitals-The Acquisition or
Existence of both those Sorts of Capitals, or of Capital in
general, a Condition necessary to the Existence or Attain- ment of the System of the Division of Labour,..............ib.
II. Of the Mode in which the Division of Labour produces its Ef-
fect of assisting and improving the Powers of Production,...71
III. That the Acquisition or Existence of Capital is a Condition ne-
cessary to the Establishment or Existence of the Division of
Labour,
.....
.........80
IV. Conclusion of the Chapter.That all Wealth is not produced
by Labour alone, but by Labour and Capital together,......83
CHAPTER VIII.
The natural Grounds of Right to Property defined and enumerated,.................89
CHAPTER IX.
The Three original Grounds of Right to Property traced to their Founda-
tion in the Principles of Human Nature,
SECT. I.—Of the Right to Property founded on Labour,....................................................... ib.
.........
III. Of the Right to Capital in general,..
..............94
....100
.....118
CHAPTER X.
Of the Moral Causes of Production,....................
.....140
SECT. I.-The Two grand Moral Causes of Production delineated, and
a highly-important concurrent Effect of these Causes
pointed out,.........
II. Of the First Moral Cause of Production,.....
......
140
....143
SECT. III. Of the Second Moral Cause of Production,........
IV. Of the Effects of good Government,....
BOOK II.
ON THE CAUSES WHICH, Under the SYSTEM OF THE DIVISION OF LA-
BOUR, NATURALLY REGULATE THE DISTRIBUTION OF WEALTH, AND
WHICH UNDER GOOD GOVERNMENT NECESSARILY DETERMINE THE
EXACT SHARE THAT EVERY DIFFERENT INDIVIDUAL IS ENTITLED
TO CONSUME, or to possESS AND COMMAND, IN STRICT ACCORD-
ANCE WITH THE NATURAL GROUNDS OF RIGHT TO IT, AS THESE
HAVE BEEN EXPLAINED IN THE PRECEDING BOOK.
General Exposition of the Causes which naturally regulate the Distribu-
tion of Wealth under the System of the Division of Labour, and of
the Principle on which these Causes depend,..............................177
SECT. I.-Demonstration of the Principle which naturally regulates the
Distribution of Wealth under the System of the Division
of Labour,
.......
....... ib.
II.-General Statement of the Effects in regard to Distribution,
which the Principle explained in the foregoing Section is
naturally calculated to produce,.........
Of the Instrument of Distribution,-Money,
That Labour is the only certain Measure of Value, ....
APPENDIX TO CHAPTER III.
......183
....192
....199
On the Nature of Value,...........
...........219
SECT. I. Introduction................
ib.
II.—Of the Puzzle founded on the Nature of Exchangeable Value,
and on the Notion of its being a mere Relation of Commo-
dities between themselves,......
III,Of Absolute Value,.........
.........220
.227
CHAPTER IV.
Of the Causes which regulate the Price of Commodities; what consti-
tutes Cost of Production, and what the constituent Parts of Price
really are,
....231
SECT. I.-Of Natural and Market Price.-Price defined,.................................
II. That the Labour expended in Production regulates the Na-
tural Price of Commodities in the early Period of Society,
before the Labourer and Capitalist become distinct Per-
sons, and that the Capital expended regulates it after
that Period,.......
..236
CHAPTER V.
The distinct Nature of the three different Denominations of Income or
Revenue, namely, Rent, Wages, and Profit or Interest, explained and
discriminated,
..........
243
Of the Profit or Interest of Stock or Capital,
SECT. I.-Profit of Stock defined,.
........
.262
II. Of the Circumstances which regulate and determine the ordi-
nary and average, or natural Rate of Profit, at any particu-
lar Time and Place,.......
.273
Of the Rent of Land,................
SECT. I.-Rent defined,.........
........292
II. Of the Circumstances which regulate the Amount of Rent at
any particular Time or Place,.........................
III.-Corollary from the preceding View of the Nature and Causes
of Rent-That the Interest of the Land-Proprietors is
inseparably connected with the Interest of the Commu-
nity,
SECT. I.—Of the Right to Wages-Limits of that Right defined-
Wages defined,
II. Of the Circumstances which give occasion to a difference of
Wages in different Employments,..... .....314
III. Of the Causes which regulate the natural Rate of Wages,....325
Of Poor-Laws,..
SECT. I. Introduction to the Chapter,......
II.—The Poor-Laws of England ill-contrived and imperfect, con-
sidered as a System calculated for all Times and Circum-
stances-Still worse administered.-Possibility of a Legal
and Compulsory Provision for the Poor, without thereby
increasing their Numbers,.........
III.-Right of the Poor to Support,.
.342
.......344
.363
Of Taxes and Public Debts,.........
..........376
SECT. I.-Taxes defined-That all three distinct Sorts of Revenue af-
ford Taxes, Wages as well as Profit and Rent,................376
II.-Of Taxes and Public Debts as they affect the Condition of
the Labouring Classes of People,...........
APPENDIX to the last Chapter,
.383
392