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say, is the State from which I come, -the State of Missouri. That state of things has existed under the General Statutes of the State to my certain knowledge for thirty years, probably a good deal longer. It is the State Board of Health, a creation of a comparatively recent year, which exercised its pressure upon medical schools, by refusing to register graduates of them unless they conformed to certain minimum requirements, rather than anything in the State law requiring the granting of degrees. The State Board of Health discriminates between degrees legally granted, or in the case of degrees which it valued highly enough, it enrolled the holder as a legally qualified practitioner.

"I must say that the cost of establishing a medical school in the way of legal fees, provided you get the good will of a lawyer acting in the court, if they do not conflict with property rights, as established in the State, is five dollars.

"The number of medical schools in St. Louis at the present time - I took the trouble a few months ago to count them up is eleven. Two of them are old established medical schools existing under charters obtained more than fifty years ago. The others, representing various degrees of respectability and aims on the part of their managers, are organized under this general law which I have mentioned. Of the eleven schools, seven are known as regular schools of medicine; one is called the School of Homoeopathy; another is called the School of Eclectic Medicine, whatever that may mean; and another has the title of College of Hygienic Physicians and Surgeons, whatever that may mean. There is also a College of Optical Science, pretending to teach jewelers' clerks how to treat grave diseases of the eye."

PHI BETA KAPPA SOCIETY.

The Society met Thursday, June 27, in Harvard Hall, at 10 a. m. The President occupied the chair. The officers of the present year : President, James C. Carter, '50, of New York; Vice-President, Roger Wolcott, '70, of Boston; Corresponding Secretary, William C. Lane, '81, of Cambridge; Treasurer, Henry G. Denny, '52, of Boston, were reëlected for the following year. Committees were appointed for the year by the President as follows: Literary Committee, to select an orator and poet for the next anniversary meeting: F. C. Lowell, '76, chairman; C. F. Dunbar, '51; L. B. R. Briggs, '75; J. G. Croswell, '73; E. R. Thayer, '88; and the Corresponding Secretary. Committee on nominations, to consider names proposed for honorary membership: Corresponding Secretary, chairman; H. G. Denny, '52; E. H. Abbot, '55; R. M. Toppan, '58; Alexander McKenzie, '59; C. P. Bowditch, '63; A. R. Marsh, '83. Committee to nominate officers for the next ensuing year: H. G. Denny, '52; R. N. Toppan, '58.

The following were elected honorary members: Sir Frederick Pollock, Bart., Corpus Professor of Jurisprudence, Oxford; Louis D. Brandeis,

'77, of Boston; Andrew McFarland Davis, s '54, of Cambridge; the Rev. A. V. G. Allen, D. D., '86, Professor of Ecclesiastical History at the Episcopal Theological Seminary, Cambridge; Charles H. Moore, A. M., '90, Assistant Professor of Design in the Fine Arts in the University.

A communication was read from the Secretary and Treasurer of the United Chapters in regard to the next meeting of the National Council of the Society, to be held at Saratoga Springs, Sept. 11, 1895. The President appointed as delegates to the Council from the Harvard Chapter, E. E. Hale, '39, T. W. Higginson, '41, and W. H. Tillinghast, '77. A request from the President and certain members of the Faculty of Johns Hopkins University for an indorsement from the Harvard Chapter of the application for a chapter at that university was cordially indorsed by the Society. Similar applications from various other institutions were referred to a new standing committee of five to be appointed by the President.

The subject of enlarging the immediate membership of the Society, which had been assigned as a special subject for discussion at this meeting, was not taken up, as the entire time of the meeting was occupied with other business, and it was accordingly voted to postpone the consideration of this subject until the next meeting.

The twenty-five members from the Class of '95 are: R. Gray, O. Quick, M. Benshimol, J. K. Whittemore, A. W. K. Billings, F. H. Nash, W. L. Van Kleeck, W. M. Trotter, H. B. Foster, H. W. Prescott, F. J. Buchanan, J. L. Coolidge, W. E. Stark, V. S. Thomas, R. F. Woodward, A. L. Cross, J. A. Fairlie, G. I. Clapp, A. H. Newman, W. Tileston, H. H. Yeames, C. E. Noyes, M. A. Aldrich, J. H. Lewis, E. H. Warren.

The following additional members from the Class of '95 were elected by the General Society on the nomination of their classmates, in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution: J. H. Chase, W. E. Hutton, A. S. Pier, Robert Walcott.

The First Eight elected from '96 are: G. H. Chase, A. G. Lewis, J. P. Warren, W. B. Cannon, J. le Bosquet, H. A. Bigelow, H. W. Lewis, P. Capron.

After the business meeting, the Society marched in procession to Sanders Theatre, where, after prayer by the Chaplain of the day, an oration1 was delivered by John Fiske, '63, and a poem was read by

1 The Editor regrets that, owing to Dr. Fiske's decision to reserve the oration for future use on the platform, it cannot appear in the Graduates' Magazine. - ED.

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George L. Kittredge, '82. In the afternoon, the Society dined as usual in Massachusetts Hall.

Ezra R. Thayer, Cor. Sec. pro tem.

COMMENCEMENT.

Wednesday, June 26, 1895.

THE EXERCISES IN SANDERS THEATRE.

Clouds during most of the day made the temperature unusually agreeable. The absence of punches at the Class meetings in the Yard did not seem to diminish the number of attendants, while it produced, as last year, a quiet in keeping with the dignity of the occasion. There were no innovations, no noteworthy occurrences. The Governor of the Commonwealth, F. T. Greenhalge, '63, escorted by the Lancers, his Staff, and the Sheriffs of Middlesex and Suffolk, reached Massachusetts about ten o'clock, and soon after the procession was formed under the marshalship of R. W. Emmons, '95. After reaching Sanders Theatre, where every seat was soon filled, the exercises began with a prayer by the Rev. F. G. Peabody, '69. Then the following parts were delivered: Max Benshimol, a Latin oration; Townsend Walsh, a disquisition, "The Irishman in Recent Fiction; " Carleton Eldredge Noyes, a dissertation, "Points of View; " Arthur Stanwood Pier, a dissertation, "The Rise and Fall of New Rome;" John C. Rowe, a dissertation, "Should the Municipal Franchise be placed on a Property Basis?" Robert Walcott, a dissertation, "City Parks;" Edward Francis McClennen, candidate in Laws, "Bounty Legislation;" Charles Carson Rowlison, candidate in Theology, "The Authority of Jesus Christ." Two theses by candidates in medicine were not delivered, viz.: Joseph Almarin Capps, “A Study of the Blood in General Paralysis," and Cleon Melville Hibbard, "A Study of the Excretion of Urea and Uric Acid in Mental Diseases, with Special References to Melancholia."

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President Eliot then conferred degrees on 391 Bachelors of Arts; 24 Bachelors of Science; 10 Doctors of Veterinary Medicine; 17 Doctors of Dental Medicine; 65 Doctors of Medicine; 80 Bachelors of Laws; 6 Bachelors of Theology; 84 Masters of Arts; 2 Doctors of Science; 16 Doctors of Philosophy. Three "testimonials without academic degree were also given. There was considerable confusion among the candidates in coming forward to the stage to receive their diplomas. The number of candidates has grown to be so large that it seems necessary that they should be instructed beforehand as to the proper time to ad

vance, in order to prevent a recurrence of this year's confusion. It was observed, also, that several of the recipients of honorary degrees did not stand, as is customary, while President Eliot addressed them.

The following men received degrees out of course :

A. B. 1853, G. H. Sargent; 1877, E. L. C. Morse, E. D. Morgan, A. M. Sherwood; 1880, W. B. Clark; 1893, W. S. Adams, P. T. Brown, J. W. Glover; 1894, L. A. E. Ahlers, Samuel Barnum, H. R. Coffin, M. W. Croll, W. R. Dodson, F. W. Eaton, T. L. Harley, W. T. ́ Holmes, W. D. Holt, J. D. Hubbell, W. C. Mackie, P. H. de Mauriac, Maxwell Norman, D. C. Peacock, J. M. Prother, E. C. Roche, W. H. Rush, W. A. D. Short, H. B. Smith, G. T. Weitzel.

A. M. 1894, J. W. Carr, F. B. Gallivan, J. W. Glover, W. W. Hammond, J. S. Humphreys, G. B. Rogers.

LL. B. 1894, P. A. Crapo, J. H. Fennessy, A. R. Tisdale.

M. D. 1894, T. L. Stanton.

S. B. 1894, J. L. Frazeur, Caleb Tanner.

President Eliot then conferred twelve honorary degrees.1

"Auctoritate mihi commissa,

GVILIELMVM ASTOR CHANLER, qui, barbarorum dux constitutus, in interiora Africae penetravit, multorum terras et mores hominum inspexit, aspera multa pertulit,

GEORGIVM DOCK, medicum medicinaeque insignem professorem in Vniversitate Michiganensi,

WENDELL PHILLIPS GARRISON, hominem integerrumum, qui triginta per annos aut multa de rebus civilibus et de vita populi Americani luculente scripsit aut aliorum scripta edenda curavit,

IOSEPHVM IEFFERSON, histrionem propter excellentem artem et venus. tatem omnibus probatum, Roscium in suo genere,

ROSWELL PARK, medicum, chirurgum, doctorem, scriptorem praestantem,

Artium Magistros, honoris causa;
Porro

GEORGIVM ANGIER GORDON, Scotum genere, disciplinae nostrae alumnum, ministrum verbi divini, oratorem eximium,

Sacrosanctae Theologiae Doctorem, honoris causa;

CAROLVM FRANCISCVM ADAMS, Originum Americanarum indagatorem, scriptorem acerrumum, cuius pater avus proavus eodem sunt apud nos fructi honore,

IOHANNEM CHIPMAN GRAY, iuris professorem eloquentem, scriptorem sagacem, subtilem,

1 Owing to lack of space, the biographical sketches of the Recipients of Honorary Degrees, together with much other matter, must be held over till the December number of the Magazine. — ED.

FITZEDVARDVM HALL, philologum peritissimum, si quisquam, cum litterarum Indicarum, tum linguae, consuetudinis loquendi, dialectorum Anglicarum, absentem,

OLIVERIVM WENDELL HOLMES, virum et iuris et iustitiae consultum, spectatum domi militiaeque,

ALFREDVM THAYER MAHAN, nauarchum, cuius libri rerum maritumarum summam ipsi et patriae pepererunt laudem,

FREDERICVM POLLOCK, baronettum, Professorem Oxoniensem optume de iure et de iuris historia meritum,

Vtriusque Iuris Doctores, honoris causa, creo et renuntio."

The

Great applause greeted the announcement of most of these degrees, especially in the case of Mr. Jefferson and of Captain Mahan. exercises concluded with a benediction by Professor Peabody.

THE ALUMNI DINNER.

At 2 o'clock, Lieut.-Gov. Roger Wolcott, '70, chief marshal, formed the procession, the Rev. S. F. Smith, '29, being the oldest graduate in line. Memorial Hall was crowded before Dr. G. A. Gordon, '81, asked a blessing. Prof. C. E. Norton, '46, presided; at his right sat President Eliot, Sir Frederick Pollock, Joseph Jefferson, Henry Lee, Dr. H. P. Walcott, Solomon Lincoln, the Rev. H. G. Spalding, Prof. George Dock, E. W. Hooper, Sheriff O'Brien, of Suffolk, and Sheriff Cushing, of Middlesex; to the left of the presiding officer sat Gov. F. T. Greenhalge, Justice Horace Gray, Capt. A. T. Mahan, Dr. G. A. Gordon, C. F. Adams, Martin Brimmer, Bishop Wm. Lawrence, Prof. J. C. Gray, Samuel Hoar, Alexander Agassiz, and Sinichiro Kurino, the Japanese minister. At 3.15 Professor Norton called the alumni to order and spoke as follows: —

"I bid you a reassuring welcome. Harvard has not become a second-rate institution for the mere culture of sport. More than ever before she is to-day a studium generale. Learning is still honored here; great scholars are still within her walls; research is still successful; the pursuit of truth is not abandoned; the higher ideals of life are still those which she inculcates, and a band of youth pass out from her gates to-day who will not all of them spend their lives in playing ball. But though Harvard is still preëminent in the domain of the intellect among the universities of America, it would be folly not to recognize that she is exposed to a competition in this nobler field on the part of other similar institutions, more strenuous and more ambitious than she has hitherto had to encounter. We welcome it with generous satisfaction. We welcome it as a sign of the prosperity of those institutions which are united with us in the common end of promoting the higher education; as a sign of favorable omen to the republic. And we welcome it for our own sake

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