were served. It being that Monday night which in bygone days was called "Bloody," a few Sophomores and Freshmen, several upper classmen, and a large contingent of Cambridge "muckers" gathered in the Yard. A letter had appeared in the College papers over the signatures of the Class Officers and other prominent undergraduates urging that there be no disorder. The two lower Classes seemed quite content with a mere cheering match. But finally, egged on by the taunts and jeers of the upper classmen, about twenty-five Freshmen rushed, or rather walked, at the same number of Sophomores. What followed more nearly resembled an innocent hand-shaking than the traditional "rush," and both factions seemed heartily glad when an officer of the University and one or two undergraduates parted them. With this rather amusing burlesque, the end of the " Bloody Monday" tradition in student life may be chronicled.

To welcome the new members of the Graduate School, the Graduate Club held a reception at the Colonial Club, Oct. 19. Members of the Corporation, Board of Overseers, and Faculty met the graduates from other colleges. Last year the club had 150 members, or three fourths of those in the Graduate School. It hopes this year to increase the proportion. The second Friday in each month meetings are held at the Colonial Club rooms, and are addressed by well-known men. The Club led the way in the work of preparing a "Handbook of Graduate Courses" offered in the different colleges of the country. A graduate club on a similar plan has been organized at Princeton.

The Cercle Français begins an active year in a comfortable room at the Colonial Club. Preparations for the annual play are going rapidly forward under the direction of Prof. de Sumichrast. The Cercle presents this year Molière's farce Le Malade Imaginaire, giving one performance at Copley Hall, Boston, and two in Cambridge. R. Soutter, Med., and V. Munro '96, will train the ballets, which have proved very popular in the past. A. Hyde, '96, J. A. Carpenter, '97, C. L. Smith, '97, J. P. Hayden, '97, and D. H. Morris, '96, have composed music to be used in the play. There is also to be a "Cerémonie du Doctorat," a burlesque on the initiation ceremonies of a doctor. About 47 men -apothecaries, doctors, surgeons, and medicine carriers take part in the ceremony, which is comical through its apparent seriousness. The Society has arranged for the following series of lectures to be given through the year: Prof. A. R. Marsh, “A French Literary Court of the 12th Century;" Prof. G. L. Kittredge, "The Romances of the Round Table in England;" Prof. Josiah Royce, "Jean Marie Guyon, Philosopher and Moralist; " Mr. Gates, "Certain Aspects of Contemporary French Literature;" Prof. F. Bôcher, Ten lectures on Molière and French Com

edy in the 17th Century; and Prof. de Sumichrast, Six lectures on the French Drama of the 19th Century.

The interest in debating shows no falling off this autumn. Debates are assured with both Yale and Princeton, so that earnest preparation is needed. Yale, chagrined at continued defeat, has made especial efforts this year to develop forensic ability in the college. The Harvard Union and the Harvard Forum, as the Wendell Phillips Club is now called, hold weekly debates, and at the beginning of the year both held competitive debates for membership. The Freshman Debating Club last year proved so successful that one has been organized in '99. At a meeting, Oct. 9, the officers of the '98 club presided, and C. A. Duniway, Gr., of the Harvard Union, and W. E. Hutton, L. S., of the Wendell Phillips Club, spoke of what the previous Freshman Club had done and of the possibilities of the present one. Sixty-three men joined the club and elected the following officers: Pres., H. Talmadge, 2d; vice-pres., H. B. Burlingame; sec., C. S. Cook; treas., F. Holt. The subject of the first debate was "Resolved, That more class spirit would be beneficial to the best interests of Harvard."

The Harvard News, which was started last year, suspended publication Oct. 22, on account of financial difficulties. It intends to refund in full to its subscribers. Its death simply proved that there is not room for two dailies in the College. The lively competition brought out a fuller and better chronicle of University life than ever before, and has permanently, let us hope, improved the Crimson, but it also tended toward a professional spirit hardly suitable in College. The Crimson has moved into new quarters on Massachusetts Ave., which include a business office and anteroom, where exchanges are on file, main editorial rooms, and a sanctum for meetings of the board of editors. Desk room is furnished for the Harvard correspondents of the New York and Boston papers. The large windows in front are used for posting bulletins of games played out of Cambridge and of important news. The paper has been enlarged to six pages daily.

The musical clubs, though much disappointed at the refusal of the Faculty to rescind their recent vote prohibiting musical and dramatic performances at a distance from Boston, have begun active work for the winter. At the first trial of candidates for the Glee Club 85 men presented themselves. Of these 29 were taken on for further trial. The prospects for a good club are bright, but there is the usual lack of original songs. The Banjo and Mandolin Club starts the year with excellent material. The Pierian Sodality expects an unusually successful season. The old members show increased interest and activity, while the new material is turning out well. The orchestra suffered last year for want of

wind instruments, but at present every part is filled. Several concerts will be arranged in the neighborhood of Boston during the winter. At present 65 men are trying for places.

man.

The religious societies of the University held a joint meeting Oct. 10, at which President Eliot presided and gave a short address. The other speakers were Prof. F. G. Peabody, Dr. D. N. Beach, the Rev. Endicott Peabody, of Groton School, C. E. Noyes, '95, and H. E. Addison, '96. The united societies, including the Christian Association, St. Paul's Society, the Catholic Club, and Oxford Club, will engage in charitable work in Boston during the winter. The larger part of the philanthropic work done by students, fortunately little talked about but nevertheless great in amount, is carried on through the Student Volunteer Committee. This consists of representative students, several professors and graduates, who act as advisers, and a director one of the graduate advisers paid to enable him to devote more of his time to the work. Some men have acted as visitors for the Board of Associated Charities, others have taught in a Chinese Sunday-school, or in the Social Union, and in the Prospect Union, or have given entertainments at the Middlesex County Jail and County Almshouse. Systematic collections of clothing are made in January and June. The committee hopes to hold one public meeting in the course of the year, which will be addressed by some well-known The Class elections this year resulted as follows: Seniors, pres., J. C. Fairchild; vice-pres., E. H. Fennessy; sec. and treas., H. R. Storrs. Juniors, pres., R. H. Stevenson; vice-pres., J. W. Dunlop; sec. and treas., James Dean. Sophomores, pres., J. H. Perkins; vicepres., N. W. Cabot; sec. and treas., Gerrish Newell. Freshmen, pres., Malcolm Donald; vice-pres., J. B. Holden; sec. and treas., B. H. Dibblee. Herbert Welsh, editor of City and State, gave an address under the auspices of the Civil Service Reform Club, Oct. 15, on The College Graduate and Public Affairs." The Crimson forwarded a petition to Postmaster-General Wilson for the enlargement of the Cambridge post-office, the facilities of which are entirely inadequate. Many professors and over a thousand students signed it. The Committee on the Reception of Students provided this year a course of lectures intended primarily for new-comers. Charles Eliot, '82, gave an illustrated lecture Oct. 29, on the "Scenery of the Neighborhood of Boston," and Edward Robinson, '79, lectured Nov. 12 on the "Study of the Fine Arts."―The St. Paul's Society held a reception, Oct. 30, at the Colonial Club.-Prof. J. E. Wolff, '79, lectured, Oct. 29, before the Boylston Chemical Club on "The Molecular Structure of Crystals." - The new Harvard Memorial Society held a social meeting Oct. 29, at which several graduates were present. The society has decided to reproduce the

66

original charter of the College to be used in a design for a certificate of membership. — A D. K. E. Club has been formed to bring together all D. K. E. men from other colleges in Harvard.

G. H. Dorr, '97.

RADCLIFFE COLLEGE.

ACADEMIC AND SOCIAL

Radcliffe College has grown this year with uncommon rapidity. There are 344 students and 79 professors, instructors, and assistants as against 284 students and 73 teachers in 1894-95. Of these 344, 44 are graduates of one or another of the following colleges: Barnard College, Boston University, Mt. Holyoke College, Northwestern University, Oberlin College, Ohio Wesleyan University, Radcliffe College, Smith College, Universities of California, Michigan, and Vermont, Vassar College, Wellesley College, Wesleyan University. Of the 159 undergraduates, 31 are Seniors, 28 Juniors, 40 Sophomores, and 60 Freshmen. There are 140 special students, but many of them do work more advanced than that of the average undergraduate; more than 50 of them are over twenty-five years old, and at least 40 are teachers of experience; several are teaching and studying as well. For the 50 or more courses "primarily for graduates " in Harvard University opened to competent students at Radcliffe, there are 21 applicants against 12 in 1894-95, viz. 1 in Assyrian, 6 in Classical Philology, one each in Germanic Philology, Romance Philology, and Comparative Literature, 6 in Philosophy, 5 in History. Of these students, 9 have had their training in other institutions. Of the 11 courses "primarily for graduates," which are repeated at Radcliffe, 9 are taken by 57 students.

The number of courses offered for 1895-96 is 178. (This is against 166 counted in the same way for 1894-95.) In both cases two halfcourses are counted as a course, and the divisions of the different seminaries as equivalent in every case to a course. The changes in the elective studies introduce a variety of subjects now offered for the first time. Four of these new courses are in the Department of Classical Philology: Introduction to Greek Epigraphy and Palaeography, by Professor Wright; the Tragedies of Aeschylus and the Constitutional History and Political Antiquities of Athens and the Judicial Process of the Athenian Courts, by Professor Goodwin; Cicero's Correspondence, a half-course by Professor Smith, and the Physical Theories of the Stoics, a half-course by Mr. Parker. For these courses there are in all six students. Both of the undergraduate courses, Greek B with 27 students, and Greek 2 with 18 students, are given by Dr. Gulick. Several changes have been

made in the English Department. In the graduate work, the Early English, which has not been offered for several years, is given by Professor Kittredge; a new half-course, English Literature of the 15th and 16th Centuries in relation to Italian and Spanish Literature, by Mr. Fletcher, and a half-course on the Development of the Drama in the 19th Century, by Mr. Baker. The Anglo-Saxon is given by Mr. Boynton, and the half-course in Milton for the second half-year by Mr. Farley. English B is given by Mr. Copeland, and the advanced course in English Composition by Mr. Gardiner. There are 67 students in English A with Mr. Hurlbut, and in English 22 with Mr. Gates, and about 90 in Mr. Gates's courses in the Poets and in the Prose Writers of the 19th Century. In German, an intermediate elementary course is offered for the first time; and instead of one course in 18th Century Literature, two are given, one by Professor Bartlett on Schiller and his Contemporaries, the other by Dr. Bierwirth on Goethe and his Time. The other courses in the group of Modern Literature are almost the same as last year. French A is given by Mr. Babbitt, and two half-courses in conversation and composition are given by Dr. Marcou; a course in 17th Century Literature is added by Professor de Sumichrast. Italian 2 and Spanish 1 are given by Mr. Fletcher; a graduate course in Harvard College in early Spanish is opened by Professor Sheldon to Radcliffe students. The work in Philosophy is much changed by the absence of Professors Palmer and Münsterberg. In the graduate work, Professor James's Psychological Laboratory, Professor Royce's Metaphysical Seminary, and the Psychological and Ethical Seminaries are open to Radcliffe students. The other courses in the Department are a half-course on the Philosophy of Nature, and one in advanced Psychology by Professor James; a half-course in Kant and Schopenhauer by Dr. Bierwirth; and the course in Ethics by Dr. Santayana; the introductory course is given by Mr. Lough and Dr. Santayana. A half-course on the Introduction to Educational Theory is given by Professor Hanus, and the Pedagogical Seminary is taken by two students. In History, Economics, the Fine Arts, Music, and Mathematics the courses are identical with those of last year, except that there is a new course on the Political History of Greece by Dr. Botsford, and a half-course on the Federal History of Switzerland by Professor Hart. The students in the Fine Arts courses go to the new Fogg Museum of Art for their lectures, and have the use of the large collection of photographs there. The elementary course in Physics is given by Mr. Stark, and a new course in Light by Professor Sabine; the elementary course in Geology is given by Mr. Daly; the half-course in Meteorology by Mr. Ward; a new course in Palaeontology by Dr. Eastman; a half-course in Crystallography and the Physics of Crystals by