SOCIAL SIGNIFICANCE

By Irwin EDMAN

Printed for the use of the Students

of Columbia College

Parts I AND II

NEW YORK

Copyright, Columbia University, 1919

THE ARBOR PRESS, INC.

DOUGLAS C. MCMURTRIE

NEW YORK CITY

1-16

TYPES OF HUMAN BEHAVIOUR

The Human Animal.—The Number and Variety of Man's

Instincts.-Learning in Animals and Men.—The Pro-

longed Period of Infancy.-Consciousness of Self and

Reaction to Ideas.-Human Beings Alone Posses Lan-

guage.—Man the Only Maker and User of Tools.

.

17-37

CHAPTER II

TYPES OF HUMAN BEHAVIOUR AND THEIR SOCIAL

SIGNIFICANCE.—INSTINCT AND HABIT

Instinctive Behaviour.—The Necessity for the Control
of Instinct.—Repression of Instinct.-Instincts and Hap-
piness.—Caprice Versus Control.-Habitual Behaviour.

- The Mechanism of Habit.—The Acquisition of New

Modes of Response.-Trial and Error and Deliberate

Learning.-Some Conditions of Habit-Formation.-

Drill Versus Attentive Repetition in Learning.–Learn-

ing Affected by Age, Fatigue, and Health.-Habit as a

Time Saver.-Habit as a Stabilizer of Action.--The

Danger of Disserviceable Habits in the Individual. —

Social Inertia.-The Importance of the Learning Habit.

-The Specificity of Habits.-Education and Habit For-

mation.—The Conscious Transference of Habits.

CHAPTER III

TYPES OF HUMAN BEHAVIOUR AND THEIR SOCIAL

SIGNIFICANCE, REFLECTION AND EMOTION

Instinct and Habit Versus Reflection.-Illustration of

the Reflective Process.-Reflection as the Modifier of

Instinct.-- Reflective Behaviour Modifies Habit.—The

38-55