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political history Gardiner's "Student's History of England" (Longmans) is probably the most convenient book for general use. Chapter iii. of Macaulay's "History" should be within reach; and Green's "Short History of the English People" is always valuable. Macaulay's Essays on "Horace Walpole," the "Earl of Chatham," "Madame D'Arblay," "Addison," and "Oliver Goldsmith," all treat of this period. Among special histories should be mentioned W. E. H. Lecky's "History of England in the Eighteenth Century," especially chapters iv., ix., and xxiii.; Edmund Gosse's "History of Eighteenth Century Literature" (the best sketch of the literature of the period); and Mr. Leslie Stephen's "History of English Thought in the Eighteenth Century." Additional illustrations of the life of this period will be found in the Tatler and the Spectator; Madame D'Arblay's "Diary and Letters" and "Early Journals; " Horace Walpole's “Letters; " Nichol's "Literary Anecdotes of the Eighteenth Century;" and Thackeray's "Lectures on the Four Georges."

4. London. Maps of London may be had in all sizes and styles from Rand, McNally, and Co. Baedeker's "Handbook for London," with its excellent maps and full index, is useful. For information about London of the eighteenth century see Wheatley's "London, Past and Present," 3 vols.; Hutton's "Literary Landmarks of London; " Lemon's "Up and Down the London Streets; Hare's "Walks in London; " and Mr. Walter Besant's "London" (Harpers; published originally in Harper's Magazine, June, 1892).

EXAMINATION QUESTIONS

THE following questions may be of some service to teachers and students by way of indicating possible methods of examination.

1. Show, by analysis, the grammatical structure of the last sentence in paragraph 41 (page 36). Parse which (36 9), hammer (36 12).

2. Comment in detail on the structure of the sentences in paragraph 32 (page 23). What can you say of the length of the sentences and their arrangement in the paragraph? By party (23 20) does Macaulay mean one or more persons?

3. Explain the meaning (and, if important for that purpose, give the derivation) of the following words: desultory (3 18), ceruse (6 31), novice (8 25), ordinaries (9 21), alamode (9 21), sycophancy (9 28), rabbis (13 23), maundered (34 8), poetasters (39 3), mitigated (43 20).

4. Explain, as fully as possible, the following references and allusions: such an author as Thomson (8 17); "the Senate of Lilliput" (10 17); the Capulets against the Montagues (10 29, 30); Grub Street (14 26); Drury Lane Theatre (16 35). This species of composition had been brought into fashion by the success of the Tatler, and by the still more brilliant success of the Spectator (18 5-7); witty as Lady Mary (20 9, 10); Johnson has frequently blamed Shakspeare for neglecting the proprieties of time and place (23 27-29); Cock Lane Ghost (26 31); Macpherson, whose "Fingal" had been proved to be an impudent forgery (36 4, 5).

Johnson and

5. Write briefly of Johnson's Dictionary and "Rasselas." To what does Johnson owe his great reputation? Why? Write briefly of Johnson's friends. Explain the difference between the political opinions of Burke, and attempt to account for it. chief characteristics of Johnson's style. Macaulay's statement (21 30-32) that English, as Johnson wrote it, was scarcely a Teutonic language.

Mention the Comment on

6. Give a list of the famous English authors contemporary with Johnson, and a list of such of their works as you have read in whole or in part. On what books have you chiefly depended for your knowledge of English literature in the eighteenth century? Contrast briefly "The Vicar of Wakefield" and "Rasselas." What poet of Johnson's time is most his opposite in character and genius? Why? What other famous novels besides "Rasselas" (excluding "The Vicar of Wakefield ") were written in the "Johnson age" and how do they compare with "Rasselas " in method and interest?

7. What traits of Macaulay's character made him especially well fitted to appreciate Johnson's genius? How, in your opinion, does the "Life of Johnson" compare in interest with other writings of Macaulay? Has it, in your opinion, any conspicuous limitations or de

fects?

8. Mention any parts of the "Life" that have specially interested you or have proved particularly suggestive.

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1814. Sent to school at Shelford.

1818. Entered Trinity College, Cambridge.

1819. First Chancellor's Medal.

1821. Craven Scholarship.

1822. Degree of B.A.

1824. Elected Fellow of 1824. First public speech. 1824. Byron died.

1826. Called to the bar.

1828. Commissioner of 1828. Bankruptcy.

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