believe I might fafely fay, twenty for one. The building is hand fome, and coft near 2000l.; every farthing of which was raifed by voluntary contribution of the hearers: an inftance of public piety, Mr. Urban, that can hardly be equalled by any clafs of Diffenters in a mall provincial town, even by our wealthy neighbours in England. The organ here formerly belonged to a parish-church in London, St. Martin's in the Fields, I believe, but am not certain, and is fuppofed, by fome, to be the best-toned organ in Scotland.

If we go to Aberdeen, where Epifcopacy prevails moft, and where, according to your correfpondent, primus Scotie Epifcopus prefides, the difference in favour of the English church is equally manifeft. The congregation of St. Paul's chapel may be justly reckoned the first one in Scotland; and alone, not to mention the other congregation who are building a new chapel for themfeives, far exceeds, in numbers and rank, the followers of this primate of Scotland. Of this bibop himself I know nothing; but of the conduct of a Mr. S. no body in the county of Aber. deen can poffibly be ignorant. But perhaps it may be thought invidious and uncharitable to proceed. There are fome actions, perhaps, in every man's life which the fond partiality of friends would kindly with to caft a veil over. I fhall not attempt, therefore, rudely to pull it off.

In every town, Mr. Urban, where the Qualified Clergy have a chapel, the congregation of the Nonjurors have gradually dwindled away. Where then, I ask, are thefe numerous congregations your correfpondent fpeaks of ? "In the Highlands," he fays, "at the Orkneys, or the Lord knows where."

I am not confcicus to myfelf, Mr. Urban, that I have in the leaft mifreprefented the matter. I am fure I have not done fo wilfully. I have taken, likewife, all due pams to be rightly informed. If I am wrong, I am wrong, in this cafe, with the multitude,-with every body, with whom I have converfed, of both parties, who pretend to know any thing at all about the matter. The fact appears to me notorious; and, though I am not one of thole, Mr. Urban, who affect an hypocritical regard for people when I do not feel it, I mult take the liberty of faying, that I am just as much furpriced at your cofre

fpondent for contradicting my information, as he is at me for afferting it.

The refult of this altercation, Mr. Urban, ought evidently to be this. Produce the lift, fuch an one as is mentioned above, and then the difpute will be fettied at once. It will be defireable on many accounts; among others, it will afford me and many other people, if wrong, an opportunity of correcting our mistake. Or, if this will have no effect, I would endeavour to provoke fome of the party to engage in the undertaking, by inftancing another reafon for its immediate appearance. It would operate as a check upon the account of the Epifcopalians which will be tranimitted by the Etablished Clergy to Sir John Sinclair, to be inferted in his Statiftical Tables of Scotland, now publishing. It must likewife be very acceptable to fuch of the English bishops (for fome fuch there are) as with to exert their good offices in uniting the two orders. Such a ttatement can easily be procured in Scotland; much easier than with you, Mr. Urban, in England, and for this evident reafon :-the Scotch clergymen, before adminiftering the Sacrament, always diftribute tokens, one to each perfon who intends to coinmunicate, in order not only to know how much bread and wine to prepare, but to flop intruders and improper perfons. This cuftom prevails, I believe, univerfally throughout all Scotland, amongst the Epifcopalians of both kinds. It is impoffible, therefore, but that each clergyman must know the exact number of his congregation at that time, all of whom communicate at least once in the year, generally at Eafter. And if the other circumftances are added, we fhall have as accurate a state of the nuinbers, opulence, and zeal of cach congregation as can be withed for.

Your well known impartiality, Mr, Urban, will, I truft, indulge me a little further before I conclude, this than◄ fully leng letter.-i mark well what your correfpondent fays, "that their principles" (meaning Jacobite princi ples) "will most likely increafe WHEN LEAVE IS GRANTED) la reply, [ hope leave never will be grand, if it cannot be granted without offering an infult upon the whole body of Englun clergymen, and their respectable com. gregations, in Scotland. I may add too, that if the Nonjurors' petition be of a finlar nature to the one which has ex

perienced

lith Clergy and their congregations (at leaft all whom I have feen) are determined to petition to be heard by counfel against it, and to oppofe it in every stage of its progrefs; and they have no doubt but that their exertions will be equally fuccefsful as before.

There is no danger of Jacobite principles fpreading in Scotland. Your correfpondent's letter feems to convey a libel upon the country. The Scotch are as much attached to the principles of the Revolution as you are on the oppofite fide of the Tweed. In proof, I might mention the centenary of that glorious event, which was, if not fo fplendidly, yet as warmly and fincerely celebrated in every corner of Scotland as in England, with the exception of a few moping old women.

There is ftill lefs danger from their religious principles, which are treated, wherever they are known and thoroughly underflood, with perfect abbor. rence and contempt; for they contain fuch a string of Popifh ufages and unfcriptural doctrines as it is really afto. nishing any fet of men, towards the clofe of the eighteenth century, would have the face to attempt to diffeminate in a Proteftant country.

What are the reafons that induced the Inverness and Bamff congregations, with their refpective minifters, to depart from their engagements to the English church and unite themfelves to the Scotch communien, who are really more than half Papifts, I confefs I do not know; weighty ones, furely, they must be, that could authorize fuch an extraordinary dereliction of principle. And though I profefs myfelf as much a friend to an union of the two orders as any man in Scotland, yet it must be upon fcripture terms, as I can never agree to communicate at the fame altar, and at the fame time, with a man who, according to my ideas, contaminates the pain and fimple form of our excellent Liturgy with the addition of several Popith and unfcriptural doctrines; and I cannot conceive what inftruction fuch an unnatural union can afford to any confcientious Chriftian congregation. A to al abolition of thefe muft, with me at lest, form the bafis of fuch an union. What would you in England, Mr. Urban, fay, were you to fee Doctors PricttJey and Boifley communicating at the fame table? The difference between the Scotch Epifcopalians and the Eng

luded followers of the former think there is little or no difference at all) is, though on a different fubject, viz. the Lord's Supper, equally great and important.

If you think, Mr. Urban, that it would afford any kind of instruction to your English readers, who are probably unacquainted with this particular, I fhall, in fome future letter, communi cate the most material alterations of, and additions made to, our excellent Liturgy, by thefe Scotch Epifcopalians; and what name your correfpondent may be pleafed to give thefe communications will, I promise you, be to me a matter of perfect indifference. CLERICUS.

Mr. URBAN,

October 7.

N the fecond part of vol. LX. p. 1189, IP.. thinks, perhaps, you can tell a country correfpondent whether the but of Charles I. is removed from Westminster-hall to a more fafe and bononrable place. More is faid of this buft by D. H. in p. 221 of your present volume, but nothing touching the removal thereof; which circumftance, perhaps, you are not acquainted with, or, as I fhould judge from your communicative difpofition, you certainly would by this time have furnished P. Q. with that in

formation.

This buft is fuppofed to have been executed by Bernini. I am not fufficiently acquainted with the performances of this artift to prefume adjudging it to him. I have carefully examined it, but

can find no name or mark which can de

termine. Mr. Mazell's engraving is a very true copy of the fubftance; and this gentleman, I think, would do well to reprefent the buft of James II. which is an excellent performance (placed in the pediment over the inner fide of the door to Whitehall chapel), after the fame correct manner.

The former is now under the care of Mr. Woolfe, in Scotland-yard, Clerk of his Majefty's Works there.

CHARLES THORNDON.

contraction of the outermoft skin of the head, which immediately affects the hair, by removing it from its proper place; this conftantly occafions it to erect or turn the wrong way. If J. A. will take the trouble to ftrip the feather from a quill, and bind the innermoft fide thereof round his finger, he will perceive the fame effect produced on the feather by the contraction of the membranous part of the quill. I therefore prefume, that the expreffion may be fometimes ufed literally. Doubtless an anatomist will defcant more fcientifically on the derivation of this very common phrafe.

J. A. will find a very learned difquifition on the hair in your vol. LX. pp. 513-14. CHARLES THORNDON.

Mr. URBAN,

Sept. 14.

WHEN a man is living, the bufi

nefs of effecting exculpation from any unfounded afperfions thrown on him is his own; but when ill-nature is exerted againft the dead, a vindication of the deceased may be entered into by any one who will take the trouble, though the office may belong more especially to his nearest furviving relatives. Neither relationship, friendship, nor connexion, entitle me to dub myfelf the champion of the late John Elwes, efq; but common juftice impels me to notice the illiberal mifapplication of the adjective wortblejs, affixed to his name and character by L. E. p. 693 of your last number. Left your readers fhould imbibe a dread of being surfeited, as they lately were, by a tedious controverly on a matter fomething fimilar, I promife that this thall be the only letter I will trouble you with on this subject.

It is eafy for your readers to refer to L. E's letter; therefore, I need not trefpafs on your page by extracting the exceptionable part, which is the whole of the laft paragraph.

We apply the epithet worthless, Mr. Urban, to perfons guilty of crimes, and moft frequently to thofe who infringe the right tuum: a crime more common than any other, because generally arifing from neglect of meum. When a man has wafted all his own, want oftentimes tramp es upon principle, and he appropriates to himfelf, in a manner either direct or induect, the property of others in fubftitution of his own. All that can be alledged against Mr. Elwes it a partial excels of attention to meum; GANT. MAG. OƐober, 1791.

an allegation which does not come within the definition of worthleness. He was faving, but not avaricious; he was painfully anxious to keep his own, but never panted for the wealth of another. The defire of hoarding was inftilled into him by the precept and example of his uncle; as he increafed in age, it became a confirmed habit, which appeared the worfe and more confpicuous for his moral character being fo fpotlefs, and his general deportment fo amiable.

He fulfilled, in favour of his fons, the dictates of Nature, confcience, and juftice; he allowed them the ufe of his name, and accefs to his perfon; he establifhed them in the world, and bequeathed to them, in an equal and impartial manner, his accumulated riches. With the fruits of his unneceffary forbearance he provided for the offspring of his pleasures: in the end, therefore, it cannot be denied but he made a proper and good ufe of them. Many a man, thought refpectable, conceals his illegitimate children in the darkest corners, and configns them to ignorance and penury.

Mr. Elwes's extreme parfimony, contrafted by the extreme profufenefs of the age, like a thick cloud, partly obfcured the refulgency of thofe confcientious and benevolent principles which existed in his heart. Thefe, however, at intervals fhone forth conspicuously, as is both acknowledged and proved even by that ungenerous companion of his domeftic hours, who, for the fake of gain, has expofed the private inflances of his foible, and the melancholy weakness of his dotage, to the prefent generation, and preferved the remembrance of them to the future. This fpecies of inhumanity (excufe a fhort digreffion, Mr. Urban,) impreffes the reflecting deeply. The very best of us have foibles; and every year we live thefe foibles gain on us; nay, often with old age come addi tional ones! We may all have our witty or our neceffitous biographers, however immaterial to the publick our deeds may appear in our own eyes;-deficiency of matter may be fupplied by colouring and wit; a flight foundation ferves the painter or the poet. To return. Never did Mr. E. do the unfair thing. Extravagant as was his propenfity to hoarding, he never increafed his store by un jult acquifitions; the only mens he ufed for accumulating wealth were fuch as himself was the greateft fufferer from.

Ridiculous

Ridiculous as his exceffive penurioufnefs made him appear in many respects, he was infinitely more refpectable than the man who fits down in Parliament to

protect himself from creditors, and who

next fells his conftituents and his con

science to obtain the means of fupport ing further profufion. Yet this man may be benefitent and benevolent, but cannot come, with Mr. Elwes, within the meaning of Pope (in the line alluded to by L. E.), because deficient in bonefly; though, according to L. E's fyftem, his beneficence and benevolence exalt him to the level of angels :-according to the notions of good and evil generally received, he is inferior to "the nobleft work of God."

Mr. F. was eminently diftinguished for courtefy, and gentleness of manners; two virtues that contribute much towards making others happy, and, therefore, two conftituent parts of benevolence. Pain arifing from infult is of a kind the most fevere a generous, fufcep tible, refecting mind, can feel; and much of the uneafinefs of life arifes from

it. Though fashion, at prefent, gives refined rudeness the preference, the clofe connexion which courtesy holds with humanity, decency, order, and gentility, will in time refore it to the honourable place it beld formerly.

L. E. has been unfortunate in felecting John Howard as a capital example of benevolence, fince fuch of that gentleman's actions as were laudable proceeded not from benevolence, but from eccentric enthusiasm, which in him hap pened to take a fortunate turn, the gratifications of his private tafte producing falutary confequences to the publick.

Nevertheless, had Mr. Howard been a Inonarch, he never would have had the honour of being compared with faints and angels; as, in that fation, he would have rendered the fubjects miferable, by exercifing on them that fit of defpotilm which he fo unnaturally manifefted towards his fon; a fpirit which he would have indulged, had he had power, with as much infatuated ardour as he did his paflion for vifiting and rectifying gols, &c. &c. particularly unlucky too, that L. B, by fetting up M. Elwes as a worthlels bugbear, thould be devinting from benevolence whilft profeffing his venera.

Mon for it.

Yours, &c.

It was

ERLING.

ADDITIONS TO THREEKINGHAM. (Continued from p. 795.)

PLATE II. is the view of the church

This church is 74 feet long within; 42 which was promifed laft month. ailes. Chancel, 20 feet long; 14 broad. broad, including the nave and two fide

Fig. 2. is a drawing of a curious arched door-way, now over the entrance of my dovecote. I bought it when Sempringham chancel was taken down tefcue. It was over the South door of a few years ago by order of Lord Forthat building.

Tranflation of the Part of Domesday

Book relating to Threekingham. In Threekingham is the inland of fixth part of a bovates at geld; there Newton, 5 bovates of land and the are fochman and 3 villans, having half a ploughland: there the Bishop of Durham has the twelfth part of one church, St. Peter's, and the fixth of one of 4 bovates of land, which lay near the church, St. Mary's, and the fixth part church of St. Mary's, in the fame hun. has of the King's gift as many parts of dred; in this fame town, one Ulviet the land, churches, carucates, and men, as the bifhop before-mentioned is said to have, for the middle of Newton feparates what belongs to each.

Land belonging to the Abbey of St. Bènedict of Rouen.

In Threekingham, St. Benedict of Rouen had and has half a ploughland at geld; the land is 4 bovates; there the time of King Edward it was worth one villan has half a ploughland. In 51. and is ftill the fame.

geld; the land confifts of one ploughIn Threekingham, one ploughland at land. There is a fair (which returns 40s.), and 11 fochmen aud 8 bordars.

In Threekingham, 14 bovates and the third part of one bovat at geld. The there is one fochiman and 5 villans, and land is 2 ploughland and half, inland; 3 bordars with one ploughland and half.

In Threekingham, 10 bovates of land The land confits of that number of and a third part of 2 bovates at grid. bovates. Berewic, in Newton; there Odo

has 2 jochmen with one ploughland, and a bovates in a ploughland. To this belongs a fixth part of one church,