LOND.GAZETTE Coventry Cumberland Derby, Exeter Gloucefter Hereford, Huil Infwich IRELAND Leeds 2 LEICESTER Lewes Liverpool 3 Midftone Manchester Newcastle 3 Northampton Nottingham CXFORD Reading Salifury SCOTLAND Shemel 2 Sherborne 2 Shrewibury Stamford Winchester Worcester YORK 3 1791. For AUGUST. CONTAINING Meteorolog. Diaries for July and Aug. 1791 690 Fête at Gibraltar in Honour of Prince Edward 716 Villa & Villata in Itinere," Gold Coins 727 INDEX INDICATORIUS-Queries anfwered 55 Printed for D. HENRY by JOHN NICHOLS, Red Lion Paffage, Fleet-ftreet; where all Letters to the Editor are defired to be addreffed, PoS T-PAID. blue fky, white clouds, stormy rain grey and black clouds, rain blue sky, white clouds blue sky, white clouds, unpleasant day blue fky, a few white clouds, good hay day blue fky, white veil, black clouds, calm at even- overcaft, clears up, rain at night [night 1 [ing, rain at night cloudy, a heavy shower 1. Wind fo brisk, as to blow the hay, in loading, over the meadows.-12. A general want of grafs.-13. Gathered first ripe gooseberries.-16. Cobwebs upon the hedge banks, blackberry in bloom, wheat in bloom, vegetation again going forward, the brown hue of the fields fomething changed, grafs fprings a little.-18. About fix o'clock this evening, the wind round the compafs in the courfe of ten minutes, and with violence.-25. Thunder, and a violent hail-storm, at a village not far diftant.-28. Hay-harvest chiefly finished, the crop not fo heavy, but fuperior in quality to the coarse long grafs of last year. Hay well got. Fall of rain this month, 2.5-10ths of an inch; evaporation, 4-4-10ths. METEOROLOGICAL TABLE for August, 1791. Height of Fahrenheit's Thermometer. Height of Fahrenheit's Thermometer. Month. D.of 23456 78 12 60 70 55 30, fair 13 66 66 75 75 60 69 57 29,89 fair 14 69 81 69 62 73 56 ,9 fair 15 71 75 60 74 64 ,96 fair 16 66 73 64 57 197 rain 55 30,14 fair IN 3500 34 fair. 31 fair 25 fair ,5 fair 22 fair 79 64 9 77 60 15 fair 15 fair ,18 fair 10 68 72 59 ,18 fair II 63177 64 29,91 fair 22 60 69 62 74 ,15 howery 03 fair 69 60 29,96 fair 59 68 56 97 fair W. CARY, Mathematical Inftrument-Maker, oppolite Arundel-Street, Strand. 32 fair 58 68 The fituation is high, and it was more expofed than any other object in the neighbourhood. It happened about 20 minutes before one o'clock on the morn. ing of the 16th inftant. The flash of lightning, and the explofion of the thunder, were noticed at Hinckley at the dif tance of about five feconds of time, which agrees pretty well as to the diftance. The preceding day was hot and fultry. Reaumur's thermometer ftood at 20°, that is, about 77° of Fahrenheit's. I apprehend the ftorm was not fo violent at Hinckley as at many other places, for I believe it was very extenfive; but we had a great deal of vivid, pale lightning for many hours. The first appearance of the ftorm and thunder, I obferved, came from the South and South-weft, gradually approaching the latter part of the afternoon of the 15th inftant. J. ROBINSON. Mr. URBAN, YOUR PART II. Aug. 19. readiness to encourage whatever may contribute to the happi nefs or welfare of others tempts me to fend to you the following obfervations, which, if put in practice, might, I think, conduce to the health of thofe alluded to in it. Having, fome years ago, had frequent occafions of going into Buckinghamshire, in which the manufacture of lace is a conftant employment of the women, I much lamented their univerfally difeafed appearance. Their countenances are generally pale, and of a yellowish colour; and not a few of them are deformed in their bodies. It evidently appeared to me that thefe imperfections are brought on by their courfe of life. Reflecting on thefe circumftances, I refolved to try whether thefe bad effects might not, in fome degree, be prevented. While working of lace, they lead a fedentary life; their bodies bent forward over their cushions, which reft on their laps. Their bodies being bent, the lungs have not a free play; whence arife various complaints in their breafts. The liver and bowels being alfo preffed upon, the circulation of the fluids in their feveral veffels is impeded; whence flatulences and obftructions, and confequent pains in the abdomen. The fchools in which the boys and girls are taught are low rooms, kept clofe and warm, becaufe their employ does not require the degree of exercife neceffary to create warmth. In fuch rooms grown women generally affociate together. The air in thefe rooms becomes loaded with perfpirable matter, and other effluvia, arifing from their bodies. Their breathing in the confined air renders it unfit for refpiration. It is well known to medical practitioners, that very dangerous fevers, and other difeafes, arife from confined :r. boys educated in thefe fchools are foon The called Called forth into the open air, to be variously employed in active life; and thus, generally, foon get the better of the bad effects contracted during their education. As there was a school in the village to which my bufinefs occafionally called me, I refolved to try fuch means as occurred to me to be proper for preventing the abovementioned inconveniences. In order, in the first place, to prevent the bad effects of vitiated, confined air in the fchool, I made an opening in the cieling of the fchool-room, clofe to the chimney flue; and from that opening I caufed a flue to be built, as high as the chimney, the fide of the chimney making one fide of this new flue. The heat of the fire warming the chimney-Rue, the motion of the air in the new fiue was thereby accelerated; and by these means there was a confiant current of air upwards from the fchool in the new flue, efpecially when the door or windows were opened: and as the noxious, putrefcent animal particles are known to afcend in the air, they are thus conftantly carried off, and hereby a perpe. tual ventilation is formed, the fchool continuing as warm as before. Such openings in affembly (or other crowded) rooms would be found convenient. To prevent the inconveniences arifing from the bent pofture of the body while at work, I caufed a frame to be made, to fupport the pillow to fuch an height as to be at a proper diftance from the eye when the perfon working flood upright; and, in order to give them occafional relief, I caufed a refting fupport for the feet to be made in the lower part of the frame, when they were inclined to fit on a feat placed behind them. By this means the body was conftantly upright. This kind of relief is found fo convenient, that, in many merchants' offices, their writing-defks are of fuch an height as to admit of the clerks ftanding or fitting, thereby occafionally refting themfeives. While in the country, I prevailed on a fmart, fenfible girl in the neighbourhood to work at a frame which I had made for her, which pleated her much. I am forry to mention, that, on enquiry, I have not been informed that this practice is followed. S. A. RECEIPT for making CHOCOLATE and TEA. Dear Sfer DAWSON, YESTERDAY, by the carryer Yes, I fent you a chocolet-pot, the best and most fashionable 1 could meet with, and likewife a tea-pot and fmall parcell of very good tea; all which I freely prefent to you, and beg of you as freely to accept, as a fmall demonftration of my gratitude for your by-paft kindneffes and obligations you have heaped upon mee. I have fent them in a little box, in which is alfo a little booke, which I hope may be acceptable to Jofias and William. Underneath I have fent. you the beft directions I could get for makeing the chocolet and tea. Pray a line or two of the receipt of the box, and prefent my duty, love, and fervice, as you know is due, from your most obliged and affectionate brother, and most humble fervant, JON. DAWSON, 3 March, 1687, from my chamber in Bernard's-inn, by a good fire-fide. For makeing the Chocolet. Put into the pot halfe milke and halfe water, and let it boyle well; then put in two ounces of Chocolet, and two ounces of fugar, and ftirr it up well together till it be diffolved, and then boyle it well up. Scrape your Chocolet well before you put it into the pot. If you make it with all water you mult put in three ounces of Chocolet. For Tea. Let a pint of faire water boyle well, and when it hoyles take it from the fire, and ther put in the fame quantity of tea you will find wrapt up in a paper which I have put into the tea-pot, or more if you thinke fitting; then let it ftand neare the fire (but not to boyle) about halfe a quarter of an houre, and then you may drink it. On a Marble in Chefterfield Church, Derbyshire. EDWARD BURTON, attorney at law, in Chesterfield, died April 23. 1782, aged 54 years. A tender husband, and a friend fincere, Confign'd to earth, implores the filent tear. Learn'd in the laws, he never warp'd their To fhelter vice, or injure innocence; [fenfe, But, firm to truth, by no mean intereft mov'd, To all difpens'd that juftice which be lov'd: And Guilt detected fear'd the coming blow. Virtue opprefs'd he taught her rights to know; He fill'd the circle mark'd by Providence, Thus humbly useful, and without offence, In age compleating what his youth began, The nobleft work of God, an honest man*. Thefe hines, M. Urban, are melodi ous enough, and were written by the late Bishop Halifax, whole filter Mr. Burton had manied. But this, however, is a very bad epitaph, as it informs not pol* Pope. terity terity of the particular circumftances of the fubject of it, viz. that he was a native of the borough of Chesterfield, where his father had been a member of the corporation; that he married one of the three daughters of Mr. Robert Halifax, an apothecary of Mansfield, in the county of Nottingham; that he died without illue, and left his wife a widow. And as to the laft line, in which we are to fuppofe the poignancy of the infcription to confift, one can hardly think it true, because it is equally applicable to the late John Elwes, efq. and many another worthlefs character, who are often found to have a firift regard to juftice, to meum & tuum, without one grain of goodness of heart. And thus mere integrity, when fole and unaccompanied by other virtues, falls fo far fhort in value of the exalted virtues of benevolence and beneficence, that it can never place a man on a level with Mr. John How ard, with faints and angels, who, neverthe efs, were all the works, the nobleft and beft works, of Gud. L. E. Mr. URBAN, IN Aug. 16. N your useful and entertaining Magazine of laft month there is a letter figned W. C. rafhly charging the Quakers with Deifm; and as boldly alert ing, that the author of a book, called "The Snake in the Grafs," best knew how to detect them, &c. &c. Now this anonymous calumniator may be fecure in his hiding-place, as a perfon beneath the notice of writers of ability and character. It is enough juft to condefcend to obferve, that, by unfounded accufations, he has manifefted, moft glaringly, both his malice and his ignorance. Mrs. Knowles, in the Johnfonian dialogue allu led to, fully clears their Society of the Doctor's infinuation of Destin; and their numerous writings prove them alfo to be incontrovertibly found in the Chriftian faith. "The Snake in the Grafs" fpeedily met with an effectual anfier, in a publication intituled "A Switch for the Snake." This wholetome Switch prefently whipped him into cover, whence he never after ventured to peep out his head. If W. C. expects to be attended to, let him manfully fupport his charges with his name! Heroes draw not their fwords on fhadows! M. N. in proof of the fameness of two diftant nations, as of the Americans, for example, being defcended from the Britons of this ifland, because the name of a bird, penguin, fignifies in Welth white-head, agreeable to the defcription of the fowl, which may be only a cafual coincidence; and though fill lefs can be inferred from the Naraganfct-rock infcriptions, once thought to be Phoenician, and that an argument might be drawn from thence, that the Carthaginians or Pœni had been there †, but at last turned out to be only either fome unmeaning fcratches, or at beft Tartarian characters; yet, furely, Mr. Urban, we have good and fufficienc grounds now for believing, from the va rious authorities and probable evidence produced in your Magazines for this year (pp. 329, 396, 612), that certain Britons do actually exift in North Ame rica, and are at this time a great and powerful nation. Query, therefore, whether it would not be well worth while for the Government to interpofe, and to fend out fome adventurers at the public expence, furnishing them with all manner of neceffaries, and promifing them foine competent, or rather liberal, rewards, if fuccefsful, in order to explore more fully the latitudes alluded to in thofe papers, for the purpoft, firft, of alcertaining the matter of fact; and then, if the ftatements of the feveral papers fhould prove true, of profecuting a trade with that congenial nation, which, as one has abundant reafon to believe, would prove at least as beneficial as that of Botany Bay, or Nootka Sound. I would propofe then, that the adventurers fent on this important difcovery, for fuch I eftcem it, fhould be four or fix in number, for fear of accidents or fick nefs; that they fhould be fent from hence to Canada in a king's fhip; and, lattly, that they fhould be all Britons from North Wales, healthy and robuft, fenfible and intelligent, and the more literate the better, for the making of all proper obfervations on what they may tee, and hear, and feel. From the public fpirit of Mr. Pennant, Sir, I cannot at all doubt but he, though he has taken a folemn leave of the nation as a writer, would condefcend to give himself the trouble, if properly apped to, of feeking out in his own country the required number of perfons to qualified as above. L. E. |