"In form and substance it is an admirable present for any clergy-ANGLO-SAXON.-1. Bosworth's Compendious

SAMUEL BAGSTER & SONS, 15, Paternoster Row, London. 3. Barnes's Anglo-Saxon Delectus. 2s. 6d.

RAILWAY PASSENGERS' ASSURANCE COMPANY, SIMSS MANUAL for the GENEALOGIST. TOPOGRAPHER,

11, LITTLE STANHOPE STREET, MAYFAIR, W. The TWO CARLYLES.

To Ladies

LONDON, SATURDAY, MAY 14, 1881.

CONTENTS.- N° 72.

Robertus II., of Carolus, Paulus, and Antonius. The devices of many of these early typographers are interesting. Thus, to mention in passing a NOTES:-Eton College Library, 381-The Legal Training of work that is not a classic, the first edition of Lord Beaconsfield and Mr. Gladstone, 384-Travels in the Geoffrey of Monmouth's History of the Britons, Holy Land-Letter of the Poet Campbell, 385-Verses temp; by Jodochus Badius Ascensius, 1508, sine loco, Charles I.-May Day-Public School Words - A Naval Epitaph-Book-plates, 386-Parallel Passages-Lockhart's we have on its title-page what is perhaps the very earliest known representation of a printing

"Life of Sir Walter Scott," 387.

QUERIES:-Moreto and Molière-"Women's Pastes," &c.

Charles, Second Son of Bowes Howard, Earl of Berkshire-press. Simon de Colines, another early Parisian "Se non è vero," &c.-H. Hankin, 387-Judas Iscariot-printer, who married the widow of Henry Estienne Verling-R. Brent-A Roman Inscription-A Military Work the elder, usually employed the device of Time, -Numismatic-Heraldic, 388-The Picts a Scandinavian with the motto "Virtus hanc aciem sola retundit"; People [?]-Air Beds-Authors Wanted, 389. REPLIES:-Sir Edward Knevit, 389-" Anglo-Saxon," 390occasionally, however, as in a copy of Alexander Mining Terms-"Cock Robin," &c. - A Sloping Church Aphrodisiensis, Paris, 1536, we meet with his Floor, 392-The Attack on Jersey: Death of Major Peirson original device of the rabbits, the ancient sign or -"Er" pronounced as "ar," &c.-Ireland's Shakspeare Forgeries-Lord Beaconsfield's Detractors, 393-"As drunk distinction of his imprimerie. The Gryphii have as David's sow"-Elizabeth Miller-Hippocrates of Chios- a griffin, Cramoisy inherited from his grandfather George II.'s Visit to Margate-Dunghills in Churches, 394"The man who has a pipe in his mouth," &c.-"Leaps and Nivelle the insigne of two storks. Vascosan we bounds"-Coffin Breastplates-Nicomedes, the Geometer know by his fountain; Christopher Plantin, of Earthquakes within the last Ten Years-Benjamin Keach, Antwerp, by his compasses; Andrew Wechel, of 395-The Irish Rebellion, 1798-" Allobrogical"-Surrey Proverbs-Vestments not of the Church of England-"To Frankfort, by Pegasus. rule the roast," 396-The 43rd Foot-"Weekly Memorials," &c.-"Curiosis fabricavit," &c.-Esher, 397-Mysterious Lake Sounds-Leamington-"Hanker""Habits are at first cobwebs and at last cables"-Ally-Nicholas, & Pig

Authors Wanted, 398.

NOTES ON BOOKS:-Dixon's "History of the Church of
England"-Bagehot's "Biographical Studies"-Meiklejohn's
"Andrew Bell-Macquoid's "In the Ardennes"-"Recueil
de Fac-similes à l'Usage de l'Ecole des Chartes"-Gurney's
"Power of Sound"-Fryer's "Cuthberht of Lindisfarne "-
"Poems for the Period."
Notices to Correspondents, &c.

Notes.

ETON COLLEGE LIBRARY.

(Continued from p. 324.)

4. Early Printed and other Editions of the Classics.-These are very numerous, and many of them of great value. Of works published in the fifteenth century there are at least fifty in this library, including productions of a large proportion of the early foreign printers. We have verified the fact that from 1471 to 1500 there are but three years to which no book or books can be assigned, namely 1473, 1475, and 1485, and those years, particularly the last, seem to have been rather less prolific than others in publications. It is in a library like this that we feel what we owe to the taste and the skill, the learning and the energy, of men like Zarot at Milan; the Spiras, Nicholas Jenson (a Frenchman by birth), and Aldus Manutius at Venice; Joannes Lascaris, Demetrius Cretensis, and the Giuntas at Florence; and Froben at Basle. The Parisian press is also copiously represented by Thielman Kerver, the Morels, and Adrian Turnebus; while impressions by the family of the Estiennes abound, not only those of Robertus I. and Henricus II., of whose work, as might be expected, there are very many fine specimens, but also some of Henricus I., of

Of the classical books we are about to describe some were presented by Waddington, Reynolds, Mann, and Lord Berkeley de Stratton. But by far the choicest and rarest came from Anthony Morris Storer, a contemporary at Eton of Charles James Fox, under Dr. Barnard. Many, however, had been given about sixty years before, by Richard Topham, who resided at Windsor, and though not an Etonian, left by will his books and prints to the college. He appears to have collected (besides some good Aldines) a large number of the best Variorum and other editions brought out during his lifetime, in the latter half of the seventeenth century and the first quarter of the eighteenth. His collection is particularly rich in writers of the silver age of Roman and in the miscellaneous learning of the later Greek literature, including a fine set of the Paris edition of the Byzantine historians, in more than thirty volumes folio. He seems to have indulged his taste for buying up monographs on special subjects. Thus there are many catalogues and some descriptions of old continental libraries, e.g., the Ambrosian at Milan, and those at Augsburg, Padua, Venice, Vienna, Gotha, Leyden, possibly of some use to any who may wish to consult them even at the present day.

To come to details. Of the Florentine editio princeps of Homer, 1488, brought out by the care of Demetrius of Crete, under the patronage of Lorenzo de' Medici and at the expense of the family of the Nerli-the first printed classical work in Greek except the Batrachomyomachia-Eton is fortunate enough to possess two copies. The one given by Provost Godolphin, bound in one volume, is on slightly thicker paper than the other, which has red lines ruled round the letter-press. After these noble volumes, other Homers are of less account, but five must be mentioned: the Aldines, 1517, 1524; a handsome

382

Of Hesiod we have the editio princeps of the complete works, with the Scholia, Trincavelli, Venice, 1537. This is a rare and shapely quarto printed by Zanetti, with a plate of the ancient plough. There is the still earlier Aldine (1495) of the Works and Days, in a volume containing thirty of Theocritus's Idyls and various Greek opuscula; also Crispin's clear impression, 1570. We may next mention H. Stephens's Poeta Græci, 1566, a fine folio, and Anacreon (ed. princ., 1554) by the same printer when he was in his twentysixth year. Morel and R. Stephens's edition, 8vo., 1556, with Sappho's ode Paiverai poi, K.T.A., is a pretty volume bound in the Grolier style. But Anacreon appears in so many forms that one can but specify a few, e.g. Parma, 1785, printed by Bodoni in capitals; Brunck, Strasbourg, 1778; and the lovely little Glasgow 32mo., Foulis, 1761.

copy of Clarke's, 4 vols. 4to., 1729, with illustra-separately printed. There are interesting editions tions; the Venice Iliad, folio, 1788, with critical though not actually the first one of Theocritus. That notes by Villoison of Upsala; and the Grenville by Calergi, Rome, 1516, the first with the Scholia, Homer, Oxford, 1800 (T@v ádeλpwv), 4 vols. 4to., and the first in which the twenty-fourth to the There is a very fine copy of twenty-ninth Idyls inclusive are found, is a very on large paper. Eustathius's Commentary, Rome, 1542, 4 vols. folio, beautiful volume. It is bound in green morocco, stamped with the arms of De Thou, to whom it Warton's edition (Oxford, 1770), and the Scholia published by Asulanus, 1521. belonged. 2 vols., 4to., which had a great reputation in its day, is a very sumptuous work. The second printed edition of Callimachus, Basle, Froben, 1532, and H. Stephens's, Paris, 1577, deserve notice. Of Aratus (besides many other impressions) there are the Aldine, Venice, 1499 (ed. princ.), with Firmicus, and other writers on astronomy, and duplicate copies of Morel's edition, 1559. Bound up with one of them are three translations Two volumes call for of the Phænomena by Cicero, Germanicus Cæsar, and Avienus. The copies of the later Greek poets are very numerous. special mention. These are Apollonius Rhodius, literis majusculis, Florent., 1496, 4to., the commentary round it being in cursive characters with Græca, printed two years earlier, 1494, 4to., also abbreviations; and the Florentine Anthologia in capital letters. These splendid volumes were printed by a Venetian, Laurentius Francisci de Alopa, under the direction of Joannes Lascaris, whose Epigramma and Epistola (or preface in Latin prose) form a curious feature in the Anthologia, the former (consisting of Greek elegiacs) printed in Greek, the latter in Roman capitals. The Aldine Anthology, 1503, 8vo., and many other pretty editions are here, while of Apollonius we may mention the Aldine, 1521, by no means common, and H. Stephens's, Geneva, 1574. Several later editions are here, typographically handsome, but of less critical value. Two copies of Nicander are noticeable, the Aldine, 1523, and 1531, J. Soter, Cologne, a very pretty quarto with the Scholia. Oppian's Halieutica et Cynegetica (with a Latin version of each; that of the former in hexameters), Paris, 1550, 4to., is one of the most beautiful specimens of the press Turnebus. Comicorum Græcorum Sententiæ, Paris, 1569, 32mo., is curious as one of the smallest in form of H. Stephens's impressions. Besides his Latin translations it contains useful criticism. Quintus Smyrnæus (or Calaber, as he used to be called, from the first MS. having been found at Our list of Greek poets may Otranto), ed. princ., an Aldine, sine anno, is assigned to 1513. close with the latest of them, Museus, ed. princ., first work that ever issued from the press of Aldus Venice, 4to., about 1494, very interesting as the Pius Manutius, and regarded by some as the rarest of all the Aldine classics.

Pindar is equally well represented by (a) the Aldine (ed. princ.), 1513; (b) the first edition with the Scholia, Rome, Calergi, 1515, interesting as the first Greek book printed in that city; (c) the three diminutive volumes in beautifully clear type (Foulis, 1759), besides many other editions. There is further a translation of the whole of Pindar into Latin lyric metres, by Nicholas Sudorius, and another into Tuscan (Pisa, 1622). To come to the dramatists, there are the Aldine principes of the three tragedians, Eschylus, 1518; Sophocles, 1503; Euripides, 1503. Of Eschylus, there are all the first four editions. Turnebus's edition, 1552, small 8vo., in very elegant type, omits the Choëphoroi. Stanley's Eschylus (1663, Gr. et Lat.), one of the scarcest of the folio English classics, was the first really critical edition. Of Sophocles we have further H. Stephens's 4to., 1568, and his annotations on Sophocles and Euripides of the same year. We may note in passing a handsome quarto Sophocles (Eton, Pote, 1787), with good indices. Out of many valuable editions of Euripides, in whole or part, we notice the Electra, a very scarce little volume, Rome, 1545. It seems to have been unknown to Dibdin. Aristophanes (Ald. fol., 1498), ed. princ., is a goodly volume. In this edition, which contains only nine plays (the Lysistrata and Thesmophoriazusa being absent), Aldus had the assistance of Marcus Musurus, an eminent professor at Padua, and the last of the Greeks who transplanted their language to Italy. There are also two Juntine impressions of Aristophanes, and C. Wechel's quarto, Paris, 1550. Each comedy has a distinct inscription, as if

To come to Greek prose authors, the editio princeps of all the twenty-eight in the following paragraph is on these shelves. The first thirteen

of

are Aldine folios, Herodotus, 1502; Xenophon, the Hellenics, 1503; Plato, 1513 (from Dr. Askew's library); Demosthenes, 1504. Of this there are two copies. The thoroughbred bibliographer may care to know that one of these is the genuine first edition, with the dolphin unshaded, ALDVS between two stars on one side, and MA. RO (Manutius Romanus) on the other side of the anchor. The second copy has the dolphin shaded, with AL on one side and DVS on the other. The latter is the more correct, the former the rarer and more beautiful. The difference between the two is explained by the fact that Aldus printed two editions in one year, having procured better MSS. for the second. The following are all very handsome: Aristotle, 1495-1498, 5 vols.; Theophrastus On Plants, 1498, in the same type; Athenæus, 1514; Pausanias, 1516; Hippocrates, 1526; Galen, 1525, 5 vols., by Andrew Asola, who continued the Aldine Press after the death of his son-in-law Aldus in 1516; Themistius, 1534, never since wholly edited; Philostratus's Life of Apollonius of Tyana, 1502; Lysias among the Greek Orators, 1513. The Rhetores Græci Antiqui, 1508-9, may also be mentioned. These two folios form a most interesting collection of rhetorical literature, and are rare and valuable Aldines. To proceed with first editions other than Aldines, we have Euclid, the Greek text, Basle, Gryne, 1533; Archimedes, with Eutochius's Commentary, Basle, Hervag, 1544; Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Antiq. Rom., with his De Compositione, Paris, 1546 (R. Stephens, folio), said to be one of the most beautiful books ever produced by the Paris Greek press. Appian, Paris, 1551, folio, is curious as being an impression by Charles Stephens, who only published two other works in the Greek type. This Appian does not yield to the finest productions of his brother Robert or his nephew Henry. There is also the Illyricz (not in the above), ed. princ., by Hoeschel, 1599. First editions of these later writers are numerous. Elian, Rome, 1545, 4to.; Dio Cassius, Paris, 1548, R. Stephens; Diogenes Laertius, Basle, 1533, Froben, a beautiful and shapely quarto. Of the Greek novelists there are the Daphnis and Chloe, a pastoral romance attributed to Longus, Florence, 1598, Junta, 4to., and Heliodorus, Ethiopica, Basle, 1534, 4to. The MS. of this last was discovered at the sacking of Ofen (1526) in the library of Matthias Corvinus, King of Hungary. There are several other editions here besides an Italian translation, and a French version (Lyons, 1579) is curious as having belonged to Queen Elizabeth, given her by the envoy Pierre Clausse de Marchaumont, as an inscription in his handwriting attests. Of the other writers of romance there is-of Xenophon the Ephesian the ed. princ., 1726, 4to., by Dr. Cocchi, of Florence, where the original MS. is preserved, and more

than one Italian version; of Achilles Tatius the
Elzevir, 1640, 12mo., not the first, but more
correct than the first edition. The list of editiones
principes of Greek classical authors, in which, large
as it is, there perhaps are still some omissions, shall
close with these four :-The Lives of Plutarch (not
the entire works), Florence, Junta, 1517,
folio ; Ca-
saubon's edition of Polyænus's Stratagems, 1589,
Lyons, 12mo.; Epictetus, with the commentary of
Simplicius, Antony de Sabio, Venice, 1528, 4to.;
and Theodosius, of Tripolis, On the Sphere, with
figures, Paris, 1558, A. Wechel, 4to., edited by
J. Pena, the royal mathematician at Paris. This
book, besides its rarity, has the interest attaching
to it of having been in the Colbert Library. The
first editions of grammatical writers shall be men-
tioned subsequently.

Most of the above are either folios or small quartos, a form one would wish to see revived, being nearly as portable as octavos, the introduction of which by Aldus, together with his new Italian characters, in 1501 makes that year an epoch in literary history. This later form of Aldines is also here in abundance. There remain some other noteworthy editions of the above authors, as well as of other classics, e.g., Herodotus, H. Stephens, 1570; Wesseling, Amst., 1763, and Foulis, 9 vols. 8vo., 1761; Xenophon, two copies of the Aldine 1525 folio, which is superior to the princeps; also H. Stephens, 1581, fol.; Plato, the second edition, Basle, Oporinus, fol., 1534, and the magnificent three vols. folio of H. Stephens, 1578, with scarcely a single typographical error. In connexion with Plato we may notice Proclus on the Timæus, Basle, 1534, and several works of Marsilio Ficino, e.g., his Latin translation of Plato, his commentary on the Symposium, Flor., 1544, and his De Immortalitate Anima, Flor., 1482. There is among Topham's books a particularly good and complete collection of the Aristotelian commentators; among them the first edition of Simplicius on the Categories, Venice, Calliergi, 1499. Most of these are fine Aldine folios. Of works that have reference to Theophrastus there is about a score. An impression of Philo-Judæus by Turnebus, Paris, 1552, is called by Fabricius "editio rarissima."

Besides the histories already mentioned, another impression of Appian may be noticed, published by Andrew Wechel in 1573 at Frankfort, whither he had retired in 1573, having narrowly escaped death in the massacre of St. Bartholomew. It is equal to the best productions of the Estiennes. Casaubon's Polybius, Paris, Drouart, 1609, is an excellent specimen of Parisian printing. The printer was chosen by Casaubon in preference to his wife's family, the Estiennes, because they had not type enough for 1,250 folio pages, and also for expedition. This volume, as a note in Casaubon's handwriting shows, was a presentation copy to

a Parisian named Gillot. Most of Casaubon's seems to call for preservation in the pages of editions of classical authors are on these shelves. N. & Q.":Of Diodorus Siculus, excepting the princeps, which, indeed, only contained five books, there are the first three editions-H. Stephens's, 1559, Rhodomann's, with a Latin version, 1604, and Wesseling's, 1746, all very handsome folios, particularly the last, on large paper. Of Dionysius's Judicium de Thucydidis Historia a Latin version by Duditius Pannonius should not be passed over. It is an Aldine small 4to., 1560, and is from the British Museum, a duplicate copy.