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Stevenson Smith and E. R. Guthrie 391
13. Factors Involved in Learning by Association..
Peter Sandiford 392
14. Thorndike's Combination Law of Association. E. L. Thorndike
15. Curves of Learning....
393
Daniel Starch
394
16. Laws of Economical Learning..
397
17. Adjusting Work to Suit the Ability of the Children..
..E. L. Thorndike
399
18. Interest in Improving..
E. L. Thorndike
.L. A. Averill 399
19. The Importance of General Principles.
20. Learn One Thing at a Time...
21. The Importance of Over-Learning..
22. Active Connection versus Passive Learning..E. L. Thorndike 400
23. Only Correct Practice Makes more Perfect.. W. F. Book
24. Daily Fluctuations in Attention and Effort.. W. F. Book
25. Effect of Age on Learning...
26. Concentration....
....
27. The Combination Whole-Part-Whole Method of Memorizing..
28. Distributed Repetitions Best in Memorizing....E. Meumann
29. Improving Mental Efficiency..
30. Repetition versus Motivation..
31. Acquiring Control in Handwriting...
32. Attention upon Result or upon Movement in Motor Learning
400
401
.J. H. Bair
402
43. Self-Activity as Self-Control, Self-Restraint and Self-Repres-
sion..
44. Self-Activity..
417
418
.E. L. Thorndike 418
.S. C. Parker 419
45. Does the Child Learn by Going from the Simple to the Com-
plex?.....
46. Parker on "Simple to Complex Theory".
47. Learning by Analyzing Complex Wholes..
William James 419
......S. C. Parker 420
.S. C. Parker 420
PAGE
48. Symbolism Satirized...
E. L. Thorndike 421
49. Difficulties Involved in General Rules-Simple Rules Desirable
50. Sensory-Motor Experiences...
51. Motor Activities in the Home..
52. Motor Expression....
53. Importance of Self-Expression.
54. Psychological and Logical..
55. The Logical and the Psychological.
56. What Does the Psychological Order Mean?..
57. Psychological Value of the Recitation.
58. Purpose of Tests and Examinations..
59. Psychological Value of Examinations.
60. Psychological Value of Examinations.
61. Psychological Value of Examinations.
CHAPTER X
HABIT IN LEARNING
1. Acquired Behavior Rests in Instinct, but Must
2. Education a Matter of Habit.....
3. General Principles of Habit Formation.
4. Basis of Habit.....
.S. S. Colvin 426
..John Dewey 426
...John Dewey 429
..S. C. Parker 429
.S. S. Colvin 430
.E. L. Thorndike 430
8. S. Colvin 431
..W. C. Bagley 431
W. C. Bagley 431
Be Acquired..
J. R. Angell 437
.John Dewey 437
.Knight Dunlap 438
.H. W. Dresser 441
5. Elimination of Useless Movements in Habit Formation...
6. Interference in Habits..
7. A Hierarchy of Habits
J. R. Angell 441
W. F. Book 442
W. L. Bryan and Noble Harter 443
8. Persistence of Lower Habits....
9. Habits and Their Ethical Implications..
10. Habit: Pedagogical Suggestions...
11. Principles Utilized in Developing Skills...
W. C. Bagley and
12. Thinkers and Attention to Routine..
W. F. Book 443
William James 444
451
13. Laws of Routine...
14. The Value of Habit.
15. The Significance of Habits.
J. A. H. Keith 451
E. L. Thorndike 452
.H. E. Bennett 452
453
John Dewey 453
CHAPTER XI
HOW TO STUDY
1. Study Suggestions...
.B. F. Stalcup 458
2. Summary of Rules for Effective Study....A. W. Kornhauser 460
3. How to Study..
4. Supervised Study
G. M. Whipple and H. D. Kitson 462
5. Directed Teaching and Learning..
6. Habits to Be Formed in Supervised Study.
7. Methods of Conducting Supervised Study.
8. Supervised Study.....
W. M. Proctor 464
W. H. Burton 465
W. H. Johnson 466
....W. H. Johnson 468
W. C. Reavis 469
9. Preparation of Term Papers in History for Teachers. . . .
C. M. Gill 470
5. Part Played in Perception by Previous Experience.
6. Dependence of Perception upon the Individual..
7. Control of Character of Our Perceptions.
8. Perceptional Habits in Reading..
9. How Words Become Meaningful.
478
479
C. E. Seashore 480
480
.G. T. Buswell 481
484
10. The Content of Children's Minds.
11. Children's Understanding of Words..
12. How Do Children Differ from Adults in Sense Perception?..
Naomi Norsworthy and M. T. Whitley
G. Stanley Hall
.F. E. Bolton
485
487
John Dewey
488
13. The Use of Object Lessons..
14. Errors of Perception: Illusions. . E. M. Turner and G. H. Betts
15. Visual Defects....
16. Color Blindness..
17. Auditory Acuity.
E. M. Turner and G. H. Betts
.E. M. Turner and G. H. Betts
490
8. 8. Colvin 492
18. Apperception: Teaching Suggestions...
19. The Principle of Apperception Applied to Numbers..
8. The Training of Memory...
9. Making Association Purposely.
10. Retention and Forgetting.... .E. M. Turner and G. H. Betts
11. The Part and Whole Methods of Learning......H. B. Reed
12. Part versus Whole Method......
19. General Principles versus Particular Facts.. W. B. Pillsbury 515
20. Mnemonic Systems..
R. S. Woodworth 516
.G. M. Whipple 516
21. Mnemonics..
22. Application of Fidelity of Report Facts to School Situations
Naomi Norsworthy and M. T. Whitley 517
23. Memory Training: The Conditions of a Good Memory...
J. R. Angell 518
24. Memory Training..
F. E. Bolton 519
25. Serviceable Memory.
4. Induction and Deduction: Two Related Kinds of Thinking..
5. Induction and Deduction...
6. Inductive Thinking...
7. Systematic Investigation.
8. The Nature and Kinds of Thinking...
R. L. Lyman 537
W. B. Pillsbury 541
545
D. S. Robinson
.R. W. Sellars 546
.N. H. Dearborn
547
9. Analysis and Synthesis Are Correlative...........A. L. Hall-Quest 552
10. Abstraction
11. Generalization
John Dewey 552
.John Dewey 553
12. Generalizing a Constant Process, not a Final Step.....
13. Efficient Thought Life....
14. Children's Thinking Illustrated..
554
Julius Boraas 554
..H. W. Brown 557
15. Particular Personal Experiences a Necessary Basis for Ab-
stractions ..
...John Dewey 558
16. Teachers Must Allow Pupils to Evaluate Their Suggestions
17. Criticise All Suggestions..
18. Training to Think....
John Dewey 559
..John Dewey 559
John Adams 559
19. Rationality: a Universally-Relating Activity of Mind.....
20. Training to Think......
21. The Trained Mind....
C. A. Ellwood 561
John Dewey 561
John Dewey 562
22. Training Pupils in Reflective Problem-Solving..8. C. Parker 562
23. The Relationship Between Method and Thinking.....
John Dewey 564
24. Teachers Often Fail to Appreciate the Necessity of Particulars William James 564
CHAPTER XVI
ATTENTION, INTEREST, AND MOTIVATION
W. B. Pillsbury and S. S. Colvin 569
.E. B. Titchener
1. Kinds of Attention....
2. Attention: Stages of Development....
3. Types of Attention....
4. Reflective Attention.
5. Attention and Interest.
6. Control of Attention.
7. Characteristics of Interest.
8. Degrees of Interest...
9. The Nature of Interest.
10. Dewey on Interest.
11. Importance of Interest.
12. Interests.....
13. How to Become Interested.
14. Building Interests..
15. Building Interest..
16. Interest in Meeting Difficulties.
17. When Interest Is Proper.
18. Interests in Arithmetic.
19. Motives..
20. Motives: Classification and Principles.
21. Social Motivation.
22. Purposive Behavior
23. Incentives and Attention
24. Motivation (Teaching Suggestions)
570
571