mation of the armies of the first Austrian | Manny, Sir W., defeats the Flemings at Cad- majores, 15
Malatestas, the, seize Rimini, ii. 499
Malesherbes, C. W. de L. de, exiled, iv. 326. Appointed to be minister of Paris, 347. His proposed reform in lettres de cachet, 348, 353. Supports Turgot in his views as to the quarrel between England and her American colonies, 353. Resigns, 353. Offers to defend Louis XVI., 550. His affecting interview with the fallen monarch, 551. Execution of, with his family, 646
Malet, conspiracy of, v. 196. Arrested, and shot, 196
Maligny, undertakes to master Lyons, iii. 29. Defeated by Saligny, 29
Malines, claims of the people of, at the acces- sion of Charles the Rash, ii. 284 Malleville, M., home minister, v. 637 Mallum of the people under the Merovingians and under the Carlovingians, i. 30 Malmesbury, Lord, negotiates with Delacroix, v. 27. His second embassy of Peace, and ignominious dismissal by the Directory, 39 Malo, St., destruction of shipping at, by the English, iv. 273
Malo, a major of dragoons, charges and dis- perses Jacobin conspirators, v. 13 Maloes, St., besieged by Henry of Lancaster, i.
Malo-Zaroslavetz, battle of, v. 191 Malplaquet, battle of, iv. 103
Malta, sea-fight between the Angevins and Aragonese at, i. 292. Presented by Buona- parte to the Czar Paul, v. 90
Maltôte, the, i. 311. That of Philip the Fair,
Mamelukes, the Bahairiz slaves the original of the, i. 235. Defeat of, at the Pyramids and Monthabor, v. 48, 49
Mancini, nephew of Cardinal Mazarin, killed, iii. 624
Mancini, Marie, niece of Mazarin, Louis XIV. enamoured of her, iii. 642
Mandar, General, commands at the Tuileries on the 8th of August, iv. 509. His measures of defence, 509, 510. Reproaches Pétion, 510. Questioned by the municipality, 511. Shot by the insurgents, 511
Manège, Old, used as house of assembly for the Five Hundred, v. 5
Manfred, King of Sicily and Naples, i. 254. His kingdom offered by the Pope to an Eng- lish prince, to St. Louis, and to Charles of Anjou, 254. Who accepts it, 255. Manfred defeated by Charles, and killed at the battle of Grandella, 258. His daughter married to Peter III., King of Aragon, 285
Xilla, city and treasure of, taken by the Eng- the iv. 285
insisted ravages of Louis XIV. at, iv. 36
sand, i. 400. Conducts a fleet to the relief of Hennebout, 414. And puts the besiegers to the rout, 415. Completely destroys the army and fleet of Louis of Spain, 415. Assists in routing the French at Auberoche, 420. Defends Aiguillon against the Duke of Nor- mandy and 10,000 men, 422. At the siege of Calais, 435, 436. His appeal for the six citizens, 436
Mans, Le, besieged and taken by Dunois from the English, ii. 225
Mansfield, Count of, joins the Duke of Mayenne before Noyon, iii. 291. Which is taken, 294. Withdraws to Belgium, 294. Again in France with the Duke of Mayenne, 312. Arrange- ments of Cardinal Richelieu with him, 448. Richelieu backs out of his engagements, 452
Mansfelt, Colonel, intrigues for the release of Louis XVI., iv. 543 Mansourah, battle of, i. 235 Mantes, recovered by stratagem by Boucicaut, i. 505. Council summoned by Henry IV. at, iii. 277. Council of divines summoned by Henry IV. to, 295
Mantua, siege of, abandoned, v. 21. Battles before, 21-26. Surrenders, 27
Manuel, the Feuillants issue writs against, iv. 501. Execution of, iv. 636
Manuel, implicated in the conspiracy at Béfort, v. 315. Opposes policy of government, 324. Denounced by La Bourdonnaye, 325. pelled from the chamber, 325. His death, 363. Orations at his funeral, 363 Manzera, Marquis of, his advice as to the Spanish succession, iv. 78
Marat, Jean Paul, advocates quietness of the people, iv. 421. His proposal to bring the King and Dauphin to Paris, 434. Summons the people to arms, 436. Denounces con- servative measures, 442. His journal sup- pressed, 451. Withdraws to England, 451. Member of the Legislative Assembly, 468. His violent conduct in the assembly, 519. Counteracts their humane measures, 519, 520. Guides the communes, 521. Proposes a revolutionary tribunal, 521. Launches a bill of arrest against Roland, 523. Super- intends massacre of priests and prisoners, 524. Refills the prisons of Paris, 531. Pro- poses the dictatorship, 540. Lies hidden during the Revolution of August 10, 541. Reproaching Dumouriez, receives a OUT- temptuous reply from the general, 544, 545. Feels commiseration for the King, 549. Pro- poses to hang the grocers of Paris, 565, Denounces Dumouriez, 565. Proposes to kill the Girondists, 567. Denounces Four nier, 568. Denounces the Convention as sok! to England, who vote his imprisonment and
trial, 575. His busts broken, 580. Acts the dictator, 586. Questions Thomas Paine as to a republic, 592. Assassinated by Char- lotte Corday, 608. His remains removed to the Pantheon, 665. Transferred to the com- mon sewers, 667
Maraviglia, sent by Francis I. to the Duke of Milan, ii. 527
Marbors, M., deposition of, by the Royalists, v. 272
Marc, Perrin, stabs the regent's treasurer, i. 473. Hanged by Robert of Clermont, 473 Marcel, San, burned by the French, i. 488 Marcel, Stephen, Prévost des Marchandes, undertakes the defence of Paris, i. 465. One of the two dominant spirits of the Estates, 466. Arms the traders against the high functionaries, and compels them to withdraw, 468. His powers revoked by the Regent Charles, 471. Forms one of a triumvirate to place Charles of Navarre on the throne, 471. His armed bands at the new Hôtel de Ville, 474. Marches with his men to the Louvre, 474. And kills the Marshals of Champagne and Normandy, 474. Endea- vours to make use of the Jacques, 477. Murdered, 481. Review of his career, 482. Removed by the court, iii. 140. Saves the Faubourg St. Germain from massacre, 143 Marche, Count de la, his wife carried off by King John of England, i. 164. Takes back his wife, who brings him the county of Angoulême, 207. Joins the league of the barons, 207. His daughter Isabella affianced to Prince Alphonso, 207. Gained over by Queen Blanche, 215. At the investiture of the Count of Poitou at Saumur, 221. Refuses to do homage to the King and his brother, 221. Takes up arms, and makes terms with the King, 221. Defies the Count of Poitou in full court, 222. Breaks into open rebel- lion, and joins the King of England, 223. Defeated at Taillebourg, and submits to Louis, 224
Marche, the Count de la, son of Philip the Fair, married to Blanche of Franche Comté, i. 353. Her dissolute life, 353. The territories of, seized by Philip the Fair, 358 Marche, Count de la, joins a crusade against the Turks, ii. 45. Defeated and taken pri- soner at Nicopolis, 46. Ransomed, 46 Marck, De la, his sons slain at Novara, ii. 438. His account of the war in Italy, 439. Slain at Novara, 439. Taken prisoner at Pavia, 485. Defends Guise against the Imperialists, 540
Marck, De la, Lord of Sedan, challenges the Emperor Charles V., 472. His lands invaded by Francis of Sickinghen, 472
Marcq, La, conference of, ii. 616 Marcus of Baden chosen to lead the Liegeois, but refuses, ii. 280
Mardyke captured by the French, iii. 572 Mardyke canal, proposal for abandoning it, iv. 145. Given up by France, 148 Marengo, battle of, v. 85 Marfée, La, battle of, iii. 533 Margaret, Duchess of Alençon, sister of Francis I., sent to Spain to negotiate for her brother, ii. 489
Margaret of Anjou, married to Henry VI. of England, ii. 215. Beseeches aid in her cause from the King of France, 261. Proposes to hand over Calais as a recompense, 261 Margaret of Austria, daughter of the Emperor Maximilian, her formation of the League of Cambray, ii. 427. Details of the arrange- ments, 427. Her policy, 441 Margaret of Burgundy, married to Louis Hutin, i. 353. Found false to her marriage vows, 353. Strangled in the castle of Andelys, 353, 364
Margaret, Archduchess, sister of the Emperor Charles V., her part in the peace of Cambray, ii. 506. Concludes a truce with France, 542. Her unpopularity in Ghent, 544 Margaret, daughter of Charles VII. of France. married to the son of the Count of Foix, ii. 259
Margaret of England, sister of Henry VIII., proposal to marry her to Charles of Luxem- burg, ii. 427
Margaret of Hainault, married to Philip Au- gustus, i. 149. Their coronation at St. Denis, 149. Her death, 153
Margaret, sister of Henry II., married to Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy, ii. 648. Pretensions of Henry, Duke of Guise, to her hand, iii. 109, 110. The marriage denounced by her brother, Anjou, 110. Her court at Nerac, 193. Proposal to marry her to Henry of Navarre, 112, 114, 116, 117. The mar- riage, 126, 133. Draws up a defence of her husband, 159. Her lover, La Mole, 159,
Margaret, daughter of Louis VII., given in marriage to Henry, son of Henry II. of Eng- land, i. 143. Not crowned with her husband, 146
Margaret, daughter of Louis XII., Duchess of Alençon, her affection for her brother, Francis I., ii. 508. Charges brought against her, 508, note. Favours the Reformation, 516, 517. Marries Henri d'Albret, King of Navarre, 517. Takes Berquin and Lefevre into her service, 517. Her favour shown to the Re- formers, 529. Her exertions to make peace between France and England, 556
Marcoussis, château of, given to Louis of Ba- Margaret, daughter of Maximilian I., betrothed varia, ii. 79
to the Dauphin, ii. 341. And declared duchess
of Burgundy and countess of Artois, 341. Returned with her dowry, 373, 375. Restored to her former influence by her nephew, 464. Appointed stadtholderin, 464, note Margaret, sister of Philip the Fair, married to Edward I. of England, i. 307 Margaret of Provence marries King Louis IX., i. 216. Accompanies her husband St. Louis to the Holy Land, 232
Margaret of Scotland, the Dauphiness, her fate, ii. 234
Margaret of Valois, Queen of Henry IV. of France, her husband's wish to obtain a divorce from her, iii. 332. Which she con- sents to, 351
Margaret of York, sister of Edward IV., mar- ried to Charles the Rash, Duke of Burgundy, ii. 285, 287. When dowager duchess of Burgundy, obtains the alliance of Edward IV., her brother, 338. Obtains a force from him, 338. Affords Maximilian aid and en- couragement in his war with France, 340,
Margaret, Countess of Flanders, her two mar- riages and families, i. 231. Her feud with her first family, 246
Maria Adelaida, Princess of Savoy, married to the Duke of Burgundy, iv. 59. Her death,
Maria of Brabant, Queen of Philip the Hardy, her children, i. 296. Charged by De la Brosse with having poisoned the King's eldest son, 297
Maria da Gloria, Donna, daughter of Don Pedro, proposed as Queen of Portugal, v. 349. Supported by the English cabinet, 489 Maria Leszczynska, married to Louis XV. of France, iv. 193. Enjoined not to meddle in state affairs, 195
Maria Louisa, Archduchess of Austria, married to the Emperor Napoleon, v. 169-171. ceives the duchies of Parma and Piacenza, as compensation for her loss of sovereignty, v. 232. Refuses to return to Napoleon, 249 Maria Theresa, Infanta of Spain, daughter of Philip IV., her hand offered by her father to Louis XIV., iii. 641. To whom she is mar- ried, 643. Gives birth to a dauphin, 650. Her devout and retiring habits, 650. nounces on her marriage all right to the Spanish succession, 659
Maria Theresa, Queen of Hungary, daughter
of the Emperor Charles VI., secured in her succession to the whole of the Austrian do- minions, iv. 193. Her marriage with Francis of Lorraine, 202, 213. Her claim of the empire for her husband, 213. Rival claims, 213. Sets her house in order, 214. Defeat of the Austrians by Frederick the Great, and occupation of Silesia by the Prussians, 215, 216. Proposals of France to dismember the
Flees to Hungary, 217. Appeals to the Hungarians, 218. Her husband elected emperor of Germany, 234. Signs the peace of Dresden with Frederick the Great, 234. Sends an army over the Alps to invade Provence, 235. Signs the treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle, 245, 246. ingratitude to England, 261, 265, 266. En- ters into an alliance with France, 262. Her letters to Madame de Pompadour, 262. Pro- poses to cede the Low Countries to France, 266. Her opposition to peace with Prussia, 281. Sums paid to her by France, 281 Maria Amelia, Queen of the French, her advice to reform Louis Philippe's government, v. 573, 581. Advises resignation of M. Guizot, 588. Objects to his abdication, 594. Re- tires to St. Cloud, 595. See Louis Philippe Maria Antoinette, Queen of France, married to the Dauphin, iv. 321. St. Cloud bought for her, 369. Causes of the hatred enter- tained by the Parisians and French people for her, 374 note, 375. Her character, 375. Her fault, 376. Story of the collier, or necklace, 377, 378. Proposal to send her into a convent, 434. Her narrow escapes at Versailles, 439. Her interview with Du- mouriez, 481. Insulted and threatened by the insurgents of the 20th of June, 494. Addressed by Santerre the Brewer, 495. Her alarm at the progress of events portending her fate, 503. Danton's proposition to banish her, 506. Accompanies the King to the Assembly, 513. Committed to the Temple, 514, 515. Faints at seeing the head of the Princess de Lamballe, 528. Danton endes- vours to save her, 604. Her death resolved on, 604. Her children taken from her, 613. Her imprisonment in the Conciergerie, 613. Brutal treatment of her, 613. Her trial, 610, 613. Defends herself before her judges, 614. Her noble bearing, 614. Her execu- tion, 614
Maria de Medicis, married to Henry IV. of France, iii. 350-352. Her coronation, 379. Appointed regent in the King's absence 379. Murder of her husband, 379, 380. Declared regent, 385. Her Spanish policy, 388. Her favourites Concini and Galigai, 389. Duels and ferocity of her courtiers, 389. Refuses to accede to the demands of the Huguenot As- sembly of Saumur, 395. But terrified into granting those of La Rochelle, 396. Con- cludes an offensive and defensive alliance with Spain, 396. Secession of the grandees from court, 398. Their demands from Me- zières, 398. Conclusion of the peace of St. Menehould, 399. Summons the Estates, and causes the King to declare himself of age. Her extravagant public expenditure, 405. Musters an army to keep the grandees
at bay, 407. Goes south to receive the Infanta in exchange for her eldest daughter, 407. Offers to resign her authority, 410. Sends for the Prince of Condé, 410, 411. Her efforts to conciliate him, 411. Arrests and sends him to the Bastille, 412, 413. Sends an army to besiege the rebellious nobles in Soissons, 413. Murder of her favourite, Concini, 414. End of her reign, 415. Compelled to quit Paris and the court, 416. Her parting with her son, the King, 416. Her formation of a cabinet council, 419. Indignities inflicted upon her during her exile, 421. Her impatience, 421. Her escape from confinement, 422. Conspiracy of the grandees in her favour, 424. prised by the King in Angers, 425. Returns to Paris, and sends counsels to the King, 433. Quarrels with the Duchess d'Aiguillon, 477. Refuses her consent to the marriage of her second son, Gaston, 486. Her open hostility to Richelieu, 487. Deprecates the King's interference in the affairs of Italy, 487. Pits Cardinal Berulle against Richelieu, 488. Whom she endeavours to ruin in the estima- tion of the King, 497. Scene in her apart- ments, 499. Got rid of by the King and Richelieu, 501. Her death, 540 Marie, M., one of the New Republican ministry, v. 618. A member of the Provisional Go- vernment, 599. Minister of public works,
Marigni, Archbishop of Sens, sentences the Templars to be burned, i. 348, 351. Rebel- lion of the people of Sens against the arch- bishop, 366
Marigni, Enguerrand de, prime minister of Philip the Fair, i. 363. Hated by Charles of Valois, 363. Marigni's power in Philip's time, 363. Charged with depreciating the coin, and banished to Cyprus, 363. Hanged for sorcery, 364. Taken from the gibbet, and buried, 375. Amends made to his family by Charles of Valois on his deathbed, 375 Marillac, keeper of the seals, iii. 499, 500. Seals taken from him, 500. And arrested, 501 Marillac, Marshal, appointed to the command
of the army of Italy, iii. 499. Arrested, 500, 501. Tried for peculation, and executed, 507 Markets, duty on all sales and purchases in the, in Paris, i. 418 Marlborough, John Churchill, Duke of, ap- pointed to the command in Flanders, iv. 85. His politics secured, 86. Captures Venloo, Ruremonde, and Liège, 86. Takes Bonn, 88. Crosses the Rhine, and reaches the Danube, 89. Takes Schellenberg, and marches into Bavaria, 89. Gains the battle of Blenheim, 90, 91. His forced inaction, 93. Defeats the French at Ramillies, 95. Refuses the offers of Louis XIV.,97. Marches to the relief of Ghent |
Marle, De, Chancellor, murdered by the Par- isians, ii. 125. Treatment of his body, 125 Marlorat, the Huguenot divine, executed, iii. 69 Marly, expenses of, iv. 56 Marmande, unsuccessful expedition of Philip Augustus against, i. 193
Marmont Marshal, conveys the artillery over Mont St. Bernard, v. 84. Defeated at Sala- manca, 185. Defends Paris, 227. His trea- son, 230. Commanded to take military pre- cautions, 393. Attacks the people, 394, et seq. Declares Paris in a state of siege, 396. Advises a pacification, but countermanded to act with energy, 396. Implores the King to yield, 398. His troops defeated, 399. Or- ders a suspension of arms, 400. Besought to arrest the ministers, 400. Driven out of Paris, he seeks the King at St. Cloud, 402. Quarrels with the Duke of Angoulême, who orders his arrest, 413. Proposes the abdica- tion of the King in favour of the Duke of Bordeaux, 414. Once more takes the com- mand of the troops, 414. Points out diffi- culty of defending Rambouillet, 415 Marmontel, his education, iv. 296, note Marmousets, formation of the government of the. ii. 40. Committed by the King's uncles to prison, 44. The Duke of Burgundy's hatred of them partaken by the Duke of Berry, 77
Marmousets, the, befriended and instigated by Chauvelin, iv. 207. Induce Louis XV. to take Madame de Mailly as his mistress, 207 Marot, the poet, seized as a Protestant, ii. 516. Escapes from the Inquisition in France, 581 Maroto, Carlist general, shoots his rivals, v. 520. Signs convention of Bergard, 520 Marrast, M., conspirator, recovers his freedom, v. 493. Amnestied and returns to France, 521. Harangues the people, 589. Claims a share in the Provisional Government, 605. Becomes mayor of Paris, 618. And presi- dent of the chambers, 630 Marsaglia, battle of, iv. 47 Marsal, fortress of, ceded to France, iii. 506 Marseilles, its resistance to Raymond Berenger of Provence and to Charles of Anjou, i. 243. Who razes the fortifications, and establishes his authority, 244. The King of Aragon promises not to aid the people against their duke, 244. Their rebellion under Boniface of Castellane, 244. The city entirely brought under French sway, 244. Besieged by the Constable Bourbon, ii. 480. Meeting of the
Pope and Francis I. at, 526. Submits to Henry IV., iii. 320. Plot to deliver up the town to the Spaniards, 363. Riots of 1789, iv. 420. The Marseilles Fédérés enter Paris, 497. Municipality of, demand the dethrone- ment of the King, 501. A second batch of the Fédérés arrive at Paris, 506. Encounter the National Guard, 507. The city captured by General Carteau, 597. Atrocities of Fré- ron at, 623, 624. Insurrection of 1814, v. 264. Conspiracy of the military at, 315 See Con- vention; Directory; Napoleon I. and III. Marsin, Spanish general, routed by Turenne, iii. 663
Marsin, Marshal, his death, iv. 97 Martignac, M. de, succeeds Villèle, v. 366. His character and qualifications for office, 367. His firmness in opposing the King, 368. His principles of government, 370, et seq. His ministry triumphant, 372. Com- pared to La Pasta, and obnoxious to the King, 372, 373. Dupont's remark on, 373. Op- posed by the Royalists, 373. Reproaches the King for his partiality to Villèle, 374. Opens the session with a new departmental law, 375. Warns the Liberals as to the result of their opposition, 377. Defends Polignac,
Martin del Ré, St., besieged by the Duke of Buckingham, iii. 474
Martin, brother of Pepin, slain by Ebroin, i. 12 Martin, St., cathedral of, at Tours, burnt and rebuilt, i. 82
Martin V., Pope, elected by the Council of Constance, ii. 107. Scouts the demands of the council for Church reform, 107. His policy of dividing the council and obtaining a concordat from each nation, 107, 108 Martin X., Pope, election of, i. 286. His French views, 286. Refusal of the Sicilians to abide by his decision, 289. Excommuni- cates Peter III., of Aragon, 289. Preaches a crusade against Aragon and Sicily, 289 Martinique captured by the English, iv. 285. Restored, 288. The Jesuit traders at, 301 Mary, Queen of England, betrothed when an infant to the Dauphin, ii. 462, 467, 469. And to the Emperor Charles V., 471. Pro- ject of marrying her to Francis I., 499. And afterwards to the Duke of Orleans, 500. Proposal to marry her to the Duke of Angou- lême, 533. Her legitimacy declared by act of Parliament, 557. Marries Philip, son of Charles V., 614. Declares war against France, 624. Loses Calais, 629. Her death, 633
Mary of Burgundy, daughter of Charles the Rash, proposal to affiance her to Charles, Duke of Guyenne, ii. 297. Hesitation of her father, 297. Proposal to marry her to Maximilian I., 304, 306. Her hand claimed
by Louis XI. for the Dauphin, 328. Her concessions to her Flemish subjects, 330. Formation of her superior council, 330. Louis's policy regarding her, 331. Deserted by all except her Flemish subjects. 332. King Louis's treachery to her, 332, 333. Gives her hand immediately to Maximilian of Austria, 334. The marriage, 337. Her death, 341
Mary, niece of Charles II. of England, married to the Prince of Orange, iii. 699 Mary of Gonzaga, Gaston, Duke of Orleans, enamoured of, iii. 486
Mary, daughter of Henry VII. of England, married to Louis XII. of France, ii. 441, 442. And to the Duke of Suffolk, 452 Mary of Luxemburg, married to Charles IV. of France, i. 378. Her death, 378 Mary of Meran, Princess of the Tyrol, married to Philip Augustus, i. 161. Her death, 163 Mary of Portugal, proposal of the Emperor Charles V. to marry her to Francis I., ii.
Mary, Queen of Scotland, carried off to France, ii. 602. Betrothed to the Dauphin, 602, 604. Married to the Dauphin (afterwards Francis II.), 631. Sets up the arms of Eng- land, 634. Death of her husband, iii. 32. Proposal to marry her to the Prince of Con- dé, 91. Married to Darnley, 92. Imprisoned by Elizabeth, 108, 110. Her aversion to a French marriage or counsels, 112
Masham, Lady, her influence with Queen Anne, iv. 99
Masquerade, danger of Charles VI. at a, ii.
Massaniello, insurrection of, iii. 574 Massena, General, drives the Austrians from the Dego, v. 18. Invades the Grisons, 55. Defeated by Archduke Charles, 56. Defeats Korsakoff at Zurich, 650. Surrenders at Ge- noa, 84. Defeated by the Archduke Charles, 122. Defeated at Aspern, 163. Defeated by Sir Arthur Wellesley, 178. Defeated at Bu- saco, 180. Follows up Sir Arthur Wellesley to Torres Vedras, 181.
Matignon, Maréchal, sent by Catherine de Me- dicis against Montgomery, iii. 158. Carries the war into Guienne, 207. Preserves Bor- deaux for the King, 237
Matilda, aunt of Philip the Fair. See Mahaut. Matilda, daughter of Henry I. of England, her
marriage to the Emperor Henry V., i. 118 Matilda, daughter of Henry II. of England. married to Henry the Lion, Duke of Saxony and Brunswick, i. 162
Matthew the Great, Duke of Milan, defies the Pope, who excommunicates him, i. 373 Matthias the Emperor, his tolerance, iii. 374 Mattioli, the Man with the Iron Mask, iv. 32 Maupas, M., prefect of police, v. 656
« AnteriorContinuar » |