CHA

promises to the Huguenots, 462. Quarrel
with France about the Queen's French fol-
lowers, 472. Sends fleets to the Rochellois,
474. 478. Which they fail to accomplish,

478

Charles II., King of England, sells Dunkirk to
France, iii. 649. Secretly makes peace with
France, 662. His treachery to the Dutch,
672. Signs a secret treaty with France, 673,
674. His mistress, Mademoiselle de Que-
rouailles, 674. Deserts France, 686. Con-
cludes a treaty with Holland, 699. But
relapses to France, 700

Charles Louis, Elector Palatine, recovers the
Lower Palatinate, iii. 576

Charles II., Elector Palatine, a portion of his
dominions claimed by Louis XIV., iv. 28
Charles of Spain, made constable of France by
the murder of the Count d'Eu, i. 447. Mur-
dered by Charles II., King of Navarre, 452
Charles I. of Spain. See Charles V., Emperor
of Germany.

Charles II., King of Spain, joins a league
against France, iv. 25. His sinking health,
57. Makes peace with France, 59. Gives
by testament the succession to a French
prince, 77, 78. His death, 80

Charles III., King of Spain (see also Carlos,

Don), quits the throne of Naples for that of
Spain, iv. 282. Implored to come to the aid of
France, 282. His offer to England rejected,
283. Signs the Family Compact, 283. War
between England and Spain, 285. Seizes
the Falkland Islands, and takes a small
British force, 323. Joins the French and
Americans against England, 357
Charles XI., King of Sweden, joins a league
against France, iv. 25

Charles XII., King of Sweden, endeavours of
France to drag him into war, iv. 98. Joins
a league against England, 151
Charles I. of Naples. See Charles of Anjou.
Charles II. of Naples. See Charles, Prince of
Salerno

Charles Albert, King of Sardinia, his wavering
policy at Turin, v. 309. Inaugurates politi-
cal changes at Turin, 573

CHA

mont threatened by the French, 235. His
disappointment at the peace of Aix-la-
Chapelle, 245, 246

Charles Martel, son of Pepin of Heristal, his
early life, i. 14. His defeat of the Neus-
trians at Viney, 14, 15. Extends the
northern system of land-tenure and military
service to the south, 15. Defeats the Sara-
cens at the battle of Poictiers, 16. Brings
Aquitaine and the south of France under
Frank domination, 16. Gains his name of
Martel, 17. His conquests over the Frisons
and Slavon, 17. Consolidates his empire by
the aid of religion, 17. Offered the Western
Empire by Pope Gregory, 18, 19.
death, 18, 19

His

Charles Martel of Naples, King of Hungary,
his daughter Clemence married to Louis X.
of France, i. 364

Charles of Anjou, third son of Louis VIII.,
has the counties of Maine and Anjou for his
apanage, i. 200. Assumes the Cross, 228.
Marries Beatrice of Provence, 230. Routed
by the Saracens in Egypt, 236. His return to
Provence, 243. Disquiet of his government,
243. Enforces his authority at Marseilles,
243, 244. His character, 246. His greed

Charles Emmanuel III., King of Sardinia,
obtains the throne on the abdication of
his father, iv. 202. Whom he imprisons,
203. Offers Savoy to France in exchange
for the Milanese, 202. Joins France and
Spain against the Emperor, and appointed
generalissimo of the allies, 203. Takes
Pavia and Milan, 203. Joined by the French
under Villars, 203. Opens communications
with the Emperor, 205. Acquires Novara
and Tortona, 206. Detached by Austria
from his alliance with France and Spain,
Offered the Milanese and Piacenza,
228. His liberation of Italy, 235. Pied-

228.

of acquisition and glory, 246. His endea-
vours to obtain Hainault, 246. Extends his
acquisitions into Italy, and becomes the first
French prince who extended his arms and
ambition into that country, 247. Favours
Simon de Montfort, Earl of Leicester, 252.
Accepts the offer of Pope Urban IV. of the
kingdom of Naples, 255. Raises an army,
and marches south, 256. Defeats Manfred,
who is killed at the battle of Grandella, 256.
Becomes king of Sicily and Naples, 256.
Joins St. Louis in a crusade, 271. His cha-
racter, 276. Takes command of the Cru-
saders at Tunis after his father's death, 277.
Concludes peace with the Tunisians, 277.
His vast designs and ambition, 278. His
tyranny in Sicily, 282. Finds an enemy in
Pope Gregory X., 284. And in Pope
Nicholas III., 284. His rival, Peter III.
of Aragon, 285. Charles's policy in Sicily
and Naples, 285. Succeeds in procuring the
election of a French pope, 286. Assumes
the title of King of Jerusalem, 286. Mas-
sacre of the French at the Sicilian Vespers,
287. Sends to his nephew, Philip the Hardy,
288. Assembles an army to march against
Peter of Aragon, 288. Besieges Messina
without result, 288. And retreats across
the straits, 289. A double papal crusade
preached against his enemy, Peter, 289.
The proposed duel between Charles and
Peter, 289, 290. Defeat of his navy near
Malta by Peter's admiral, Cornut, 292. His
son Charles, Prince of Salerno, defeated and

Charles of Artois, killed at Poitiers, i. 464
Charles of Blois, his claim to the duchy of
Britanny, i. 411. Goes to Paris, and asks
for assistance against John of Montfort, 411,
412. Musters an army at Angers, 412.
Takes Chantoceaux and Nantes, 412, 413.
Lays siege to Hennebout, 413. And to
Rennes, which capitulates, 413. Defeated at
Roche Darien, and sent prisoner to England,
438. His residence as prisoner at the Eng-
lish court, 446. War between him and his
rival, De Montfort, 506. Slain at the battle
of Auray, 507. His widow endowed with
the duchy of Penthièvre, 507
Charles, the last of the Carlovingian princes,
the county of Cambray given to, i. 63.
Adopts the manners of the class into which
he sank, 64. His dissipated life, 68. Ex-
cluded from the succession to the crown,
68, 69. Endeavours to revive the former
power of his family, 78. Takes up arms
against Hugh Capet, but fails, and is cap-
tured and imprisoned, 78

Charles, son of Charlemagne, the government
of the north of France, assigned by his father
to, i. 32. His death, 32

Charles of Durazzo, his claim to the throne of
Naples, ii. 6. Invades and takes possession
of the kingdom, 24. The throne also claimed
by Louis, Duke of Anjou, 6, 24

Charles, Prince, his army in Flanders, iv. 234.
Defeated at Raucoux, 234

Charles of Lorraine, Prince, defeated by Frede-
rick the Great at Prague, iv. 269
Charles of Luxemburg, son of Philip le Beau,
proposal to marry him to Claude, daughter
of Louis XII. of France, ii. 411. Affianced
to her, 412. The marriage agreed upon, 420.
But broken off, 420. Proposal to marry
him to Margaret of England, 427. See also
Charles V., Emperor of Germany.
Charles, son of Pepin the Bref. See Charlemagne
Charles, Prince of Salerno, sent by his father

to Philip the Hardy, i. 288. Disobeys his
father, and gives battle to the Aragonese
admiral, Roger, 293. Who defeats and takes
him prisoner, 293. His life saved by Con-
stance, Queen of Aragon, 293. Death of his
father, 293. His son called Charles Martel,
300. Liberated by the King of Aragon, who
concludes a truce with the Angevins, 301.
Released from his oath by the Pope, 301
Charles, Archduke, lands at Lisbon, and as-
sumes the title of King of Spain, iv. 92.
Fails to effect any good, 92.
crown of Spain in Barcelona, 93.
emperor of Germany, 107.
VI., Emperor of Germany.

Assumes the
Becomes
See Charles

randa and Valence at Neerwinden, iv. 564.
Defeats armies of Moreau and Jourdan, v.
24. Is defeated by Buonaparte at Taglia-
mento, 30. Encounters Massena at the Col
de Tarvis, 30. Encounters Jourdan and
fights battle of Stochach, 55. Defeats
Massena in Switzerland, 56. Disowns
murder of French plenipotentiaries, 58. Is
succeeded in command by Suwarrow, 64.
Superseded by Kray, 83. Drives Massena
from Verona, 123. Takes the command of
Austrian army in 1809, 161. Defeated by
Napoleon at Eckmuhl, 161. Battles of
Aspern and Essling, 163. His first see-
cesses but final defeat, 163, 164. His mili-
tary faults, 165. Defeated at Wagram. 166.
Charles Albert, Duke of Bavaria, his claim to
the Austrian dominions, iv. 213. Begs the
support of France, 214. His poverty, 214.
Joins in a treaty with France and Prussia.
216, 217. Declared lieutenant-general ci
the French armies, 217. His extravagano,
217. Takes Passau and Linz, and advanes
within a few leagues of Vienna, 217, 218.
Marches to Prague, 218. Which he takes,
and crowned king of Bohemia, 219. Elected
and crowned emperor, as Charles VII., &
Frankfort, 219. See Charles VII., Emperat
of Germany.

Charles, younger son of Charles VII., create
Duke of Berry, ii. 255. Joins the league, and
rebellion of the Public Good,' 268. E-
tablishes his court in the castle of Bearte,
273. Summons a deputation of the Parisiars,
273. Becomes Duke of Normandy, 274. H
entry into Rouen, 274. Besieged by the Kin
in Rouen and compelled to surrender!
province, 277. Arrangement to give hiz
Champagne and Brie in lieu of Normandy,
292. Guyenne offered by the King instea
of Champagne, 295. Charles accepts the
offer and is reconciled to the King, 295, 25
Proposal to affiance him to Mary, daughter of
Duke Charles of Burgundy, 297, 299.
death, 300

Charles the Rash, Duke of Burgundy, wha
Count of Charolais his frowardness to s
father, ii. 243, 244. The hero of the tour.
ment in Paris on the accession of Louis XI.
253. Friendship of Louis for him, 254. Ess
the government of Normandy given
254. Supports the Lancaster faction in Ea
land, 259. Becomes estranged from L
XI., 264. Who is suspected of having e
deavoured to poison Charles, 264. Charie
rupture with France, 264. Story of the
tempt of the Bastard of Rubempré, 265. 4-
cendancy of Charles in the Burgundian er“.
Forms a general league of the pre
and high noblesse against the French King

266.

CHA

Charles, Emmanuel I., Duke of Savoy, occupies
Saluzzo and marches into Dauphiné, iii. 221,
225. Takes Carmagnola, 225. Sends in a
claim to the crown of France, 261. His at-
tempt upon Geneva, 261, 275. Defeated by
the French commanders, 289.
Attends the
negotiations at Vervins, 343.
Refuses to
abandon his claim to Saluces, 345. His
mortification at the result of the treaty of
Vervins, 348. Visits Paris, and proposes the
reconquest of North Italy, 348. La Bresse
and Bugey taken from him by a French
army, 349, 350. Enters into an alliance
with France, 375, 376. Abandoned by
France, 389. Renews his endeavours to con-
quer Geneva, 389, 397. Compelled by Spain
to yield, 397. Joins an unsuccessful expe-
dition against Savoy, 453, 454. Attacks
Savona, 454. Leagues with Spain against
the Duke of Mantua, 480. Besieges Casale,
480. Compelled by Louis XIII. to raise the
siege, 481. Joins Spinola for the destruction
of Richelieu, 491. Pignerol taken from him
by Richelieu, 491

Charles III., the Good, Duke of Savoy, accepts

Asti and the imperial suzerainty from
Charles V., ii. 519. Refuses a passage to
Francis I., 530. Who resolves to occupy
Savoy, 533. His personal appearance, 534,
note. His dominions reduced to the castle
of Nice, 542. Attacked by the Turks and
French who burn Nice, 557, 558. Denounces
his enemies at the Diet of Spires, 558.
Charles the Good, Count of Flanders, killed at
prayers, i. 127

Charles, Count of Valois, son of Philip the
Hardy, offered the crown of Aragon by the
Pope, i. 289. The offer accepted, and
Charles crowned with a hat, 291. Philip the
Fair's dislike of him, 300. Sent by Philip
the Fair to reduce Gascony, 309. Takes
Riom and St. Sever, 309. Compels the
Count of Hainault to do homage to the King
of France, 309. Marches an army into
Flanders and defeats Count Guy Robert,
316. Takes Dam, 316. Terminates the
war, 316. Offers of the Pope to him, 316,
317. Goes to Rome and marries the grand-
daughter of Baldwin, Emperor of Constan-
tinople, 317. Created imperial vicar and
generalissimo of the Pope, 317. Expels the
Bianchi from Florence, 317. Invades Sicily
but without result, 317. Returns to France,
317. Ill opinion of the Italians of him, 318.
The Pope, Benedict XIV., requested by
Philip the Fair to abet Charles's designs
upon Constantinople, 332. Helps his brother
the King at Mons la Puelle, 334.
Clement V. swears to support Charles's en-
deavour to obtain the empire of Germany,
345. How Clement kept his promise, 346.

Pope

362.

CHA

His influence over his nephew, Louis Hutin,
His belief in sorcery, 363. Acenses
the Bishop of Chalons with having caus d
the death of Philip the Fair by sorcery, 36.
Persecutes Raoul de Presle and causes D.
Marigni to be hanged for sorcery, 363, 3bi.
Makes exorbitant use of his right of coinag
367. Endeavours to dispute the regeng
with Philip, Count of Poictiers, but fail-
368. Charles's hopes of the royal successi
accruing to his family, 370. His rivalry
with his brother the Count of Evreux. 379
His death and penitence, 375. His daughter
Jeanne married to Robert of Artois, 393.
Charles Edward, the young Pretender, his eni
saries encouraged by France, iv. 212. CURS
to France, 226. His cause taken up there.
228. His failure in England, 231. H
successes in Scotland, 234. Exiled fre
France, 246. Arrested and carried a

forcibly, 246
Charles, Cardinal of Lorraine, his endeavors
to obtain the papal tiara, ii. 607. At th.
Conference of La Marcq, 616. Introdu
the Inquisition iuto France, 630. Appels
himself grand inquisitor, 630. Goes to
meeting at Cambray, 631. Appointed chat
inquisitor of France, 643. His charact r
iii. 5. Entrusted with the financial ar
civil administration, 7. His activity agai
the Protestants, 13. Forbids conventicles,
15. At the assembly of notables at Fonta
bleau, 28. Delivers up his seal to Cather:
de Medicis, 33. Favours the Colloquy
Poissy, 44. Causes of his seeming tolerant
44. His hypocrisy and policy, iii. 51, 52
Charles, Cardinal of Lorraine, his views fo
reforming the Roman Church, 79. R
lies to Rome, 80. His abuse of L'H
84. Withdraws from court, 84. Endeater
to procure the removal of L'Hôpital, 87
His guard dispersed, and he compelled:
quit Paris, 89, 91. In favour at cort.
92. Nearly taken by the Huguenots, $4
Endeavours to gain over the Duke of An
100. His quarrels with the Duke of Az
110. His announcement at Rome of the S
Bartholomew massacre, 147. Ordered
the court not to glory in the act, 147. L
death and character, 166

Charlotte, Princess of Naples, promised
Cæsar Borgia, ii. 396

Charney, De, slays the provost Marcel, i. 481.
Charolais, county of, ceded to the Archdui
Albert, iii. 345

Charolais, Count of, son of Duke Philip III...
Burgundy. See Charles the Rash
Charolais, Countess of, daughter-in-law of JS »
of Burgundy, her danger from the mot
Paris, ii. 95

Charras, M., arrested, v. 661

CHA

Charron, Le, provost of Paris, his part in the
St. Bartholomew massacre, iii. 140
Charter, the, recommended to Count d'Artois
by the dying King, v. 338. New king (Charles
X.) resolves to maintain, 339. The Duke of
Orleans promises to uphold the, 411. Alter-
ations in the, proposed by M. Bérard, 416.
Charters granted to towns by Louis the Fat,
i. 122

Chartier, Alain, the poet, ii. 234
Chartres, treaty of, ii. 65. Besieged by the
Dauphin Charles, 139. Who is compelled
by Henry V. to retire, 139. Besieged by the
Prince of Condé, iii. 97. The siege aban-
doned, 99. Besieged by Henry IV., 275
Chartres, Duke of, son of Philippe Egalité. See
Louis Philippe

Chartres, Vidame de, arrested, iii. 29.
Chartres, Duke of, arrested, v. 408
Chassagne, De la, president of the tribunal of
Bordeaux, murdered, ii. 601

Chataignerai, La, his duel with Jarnac, ii. 595
Chataignerai, killed at Ivry, iii. 266
Chataignerie, La, massacre of the Protestants
of, iii. 338

Chateau, General, death of, at Montereau, v.
221

Chateaubriand, taken by La Tremouille, general
of Charles VIII., ii. 367. Edict of, promul-
gated, 640

Chateaubriand, Countess of, mistress of Fran-
cis I., ii. 475. Deserted by the King, 495, 507
Chateaubriand, M. de, executed with Males-
herbes, iv. 646

Chateaubriand, M. de, dismissed, v. 269. Con-
fined to Chamber of Peers, 288. Publishes
his pamphlet, 'La Monarchie selon la Charte,'
283. His name struck out of list of state mi-
nisters, 283. Ambassador to London, 320.
Advises Villèle to put down Spanish insur-
rection, 320, 321. Defies Canning, and looks
to Russian alliance, 329. Jealous of Villèle,
333. Disliked by the King, 334. Dismissed
from office, 334. Opposes the government,
334. Writes on the coronation of Charles
X., 346. His enmity to Villèle, 355. His
conduct during the revolution, 390. Advo-
cates rights of Charles's grandson, 419. Ad-
vises Louis Philippe to practise deceit, 419.
Arrested, 472

Château Dauphin ceded to Savoy, iv. 117
Châteaudun, combat of, iii. 67. Taken by the
Germans, 213

Pro-

Châteauneuf, Chancellor, Richelieu's severity to
him, iii. 528, 529. Recompensed by the Re-
gent Anne of Austria, 555. Fails to obtain
the restoration of the chancery, 556.
poses the dismissal of Mazarin, 584. Sus-
pected by Mazarin, 589. Exiled, 589. Ap-
pointed keeper of the seals, 602. Advises
the exile of Mazarin, 605. Dismissed by

CHA

the Queen, 607. Recalled as president of the
council, 615

Châteauroux, Duchess of (Madame de la Tour-
nelle), becomes mistress of Louis XV., iv.
225. Stings the King into energy against
Austria, 229. Her death, iv. 243
Châteauvieux regiment, procession of the, to
celebrate the liberation of the Swiss soldiers
of, iv. 485, 486

Châtel, Jean, his attempt to assassinate Henry
IV., iii. 313

Châtelet, the, forced by the Parisians, and the
captives murdered, ii. 125, 126

Hu-

Châtelet, Marquis du, commands the guards
in Paris, iv. 411. Disobedience of his men, 412
Châtellerault, the Huguenots besieged in, iii.
105. Taken by the Huguenots, 241.
guenots' synod held at, 362
Chatillon besieged and taken by Philip Augus-
tus, i. 154. Cruelties inflicted on the Hugue-
nots of, 64. Taken by the Duke of Mayenne,
207. Meeting of congress of Allies at, v.
219. The congress broken up, 226

Chatillon, Odet, Cardinal of, appointed a grand
inquisitor in France, ii. 630, 643. His parent-
age and character, iii. 11. Proposes the mar-
riage of Queen Elizabeth to the Duke of
Anjou, 112. His death, 117

Chatillon, the Huguenot leader, his attempt
to take Paris, iii. 274. His firmness, 430.
His quarrel with the Huguenots, 436, 437.
Rallies to the King, and receives the bâton of
marshal, 437. Defeats the Spaniards at
Avain, 512. Defeated by Soissons at La
Marfée, 533

Châtre, La, surrenders Orleans to Henry IV.,
iii. 307. His reasons for so doing, 308
Châtre, Maréchal de la, marches to Juliers,
which surrenders to him, iii. 388

Chaulnes, Duke de, his address to Louis XV.,
iv. 293

Chaumette, demands a revolutionary tribunal,
iv. 566. Complains to the Convention of
turbulence of the communes, 611. Driven to
his wits' end by the cry for bread, 611. Im-
prisoned, 640. Executed, 640, 646
Chaumont, fortified by Louis VII., but taken
by Henry II. of England, i. 143. Treaty of,

v. 224

Chaumont, General, commands the French at
the taking of Genoa, ii. 424. At the battle
of Agnadello, 424. Leads an army into
Lombardy, 431. His struggle with the Pope,
431. Marches against Bologna, 432. His
death, 432

Chauvelin, Marquis de, introduced into the
cabinet by Fleury, iv. 201. Inclined to sup-
port the ambition of Elizabeth Farnese, 205.
His fall, 206. Kept back by Fleury, 224.

Exiled, 225. Defeated by the Corsicans, 318
Chavigny, agent of Cardinal Richelieu, his in-