Effiat, D', assists in defeating the Savoyard forces at Veillane, iii. 491 Eglantine, Fabre d', tried and executed, iv. 642-644
Egmont, Count, at the battle and siege of St. Quentin, ii. 626. Defeats the French at Gravelines, 632. Imprisoned by Alva, iii.
Egmont, Count of, joins the League under the Duke of Mayenne, iii. 264. Killed at Ivry,
Egypt, unsuccessful expedition of the Crusaders to, i. 193, 201. Landing of St. Louis and the Crusaders at, 233. Invasion of, deter- mined by the Directory, v. 44, et seq. Buo- naparte lands at Aboukir, and after numerous battles returns to France, leaving Kleber in command, 66. Treaty of El Arisch, 93. The treaty broken by the French, and battle of Heliopolis fought, 94. Death of Kleber, and the army commanded by Menou, 94. Battle of Aboukir, 94. Surrender and evacuation of Egypt, 94, 95. Formation of the hereditary viceroyalty of, 530. The pachalic declared by the Sultan forfeited, 538
Elba, ravaged by the Turks, ii. 632. Conquered
by France, iii. 574. Given to Napoleon, v. 232 Elbe, the Normans repulsed on the, i. 46 Elbeuf, Marquis d', defeated by Coligny at Châteaudun, iii. 67
Elbœuf, Duke of, denounced by Richelieu, iii. 502. Hastens to Paris, 592
Eleanor, heiress of Aquitaine, marries Louis VII. of France, i. 128. Joins the Second Crusade, 137. Divorced, 140. Marries Henry Plantagenet, afterwards Henry II. of Eng- land, 140. Ransoms Richard I. from the Emperor of Germany, 160. Supports the claim of King John of England to Brittany, Maine, and Anjou, 163
Eleanor of Provence, married to Henry III. of England, i. 216. Loss of her dowry, 230. Raises an army against the English barons, 253
Election law, disturbances on account of, v. 305 Electoral reform, proposition for, v. 518. Call for, 579
Electors, the Imperial, in 1519, ii. 465 Eleonora, sister of the Emperor Charles V., pro- posal to marry her to the Constable Bourbon, ii. 488. And to Francis I., 489. To whom she is betrothed, 491. Married to Francis I., 520. Her melancholy fate, 520 note Elizabeth, Queen of England, proposal to marry her to the Duke of Angoulême, ii. 533. And afterwards to Don Carlos of Spain, 616. Aids the Huguenots, iii. 24. Overcomes the army sent from France into Scotland, 24. Probably cognizant of the conspiracy of Amboise, 24. Her advice to Charles IX., 34. Endeavours of Admiral Coligny to obtain from her a dis-
avowal of the Council of Trent, 45. Con- cludes a treaty with the Prince de Condé anl the Huguenots, 68. And with Charles IX 81. Sends succours to Coligny, 109. Coa- cludes the treaty of St. Germain's, 111. Pre- ject to marry her to the Duke of Anjou, 112. Her fickle policy, 125. Anjou retreats from the marriage, 125. The Duke d'Alençon. his brother, proposed as a suitor, 125, 1* Elizabeth demands the restoration of Calas, 126. Withdraws from her designs on Fis ing, and from the proposed marriage with the Duke d'Alençon, 133. Her indignati at the St. Bartholomew massacre, 147. But bandies compliments with the French cour 150. Signs the Concordat of Magdeburg 199. Sends supplies to the Huguenots, 209, And to Henry IV., 255, 259, 280. Wars Henry against the Cardinal of Bourbon, 259. Recommends the siege of Rouen, 280. Im- plored by the Duke of Nevers to send Lin reinforcements, 317. Her discontent with Henry IV., 321. Refusal of her offer ta succour Calais, 322. Lends money to the King of France, 324. Sends an expedition. under Essex, to Cadiz, 325. Sends Sir R bert Cecil to negotiate at Vervins, 344. Her lecture to Maréchale Biron, 354. Whom S. recommends for severe punishment, 356. H death, 363. Her idea of the policy of an inde pendent monarch in Europe, 365. Her inter view with Sully, 366
Elizabeth, Empress of Russia, declines a s- sidy from England, iv. 265. Threate Frederick of Prussia, 266. Defeats his army at Jägerndorf, 270. Offers of England for her neutrality, 281. Her death, 286 Elizabeth, Queen of Philip Augustus, her det',
Elizabeth, Princess of France, married by p to Philip II. of Spain, ii. 647. Conducted: Spain by the King of Navarre, iii. 13. As Queen of Spain, meets her mother at Bay- onne, iii. 87. Her death, 113
Elizabeth, daughter of Edward IV. of England affianced to Charles, son of Louis XI, n 314
Elizabeth Farnese, married to Philip V. Spain, iv. 147. Governs her husband, 14. Her intrigues and ambition, 150. Her d tivity in the interest of her son, Don Carlos, 191. Applies to the Emperor, 191. Gars a crown and kingdom for her son, 205. H extravagant aims notwithstanding, 205 Elizabeth, Madame, her interview with instr gents of the 20th of June, iv. 493. Declar her faith in Danton, 504 Elme, fortress of, taken by the papal legate and the garrison put to the sword, i. 294 Emery, Sieur d', finance minister, creates a tumult in Paris, iii. 562, 563. His financi
Introduces a high octroi on all commodities entering Paris, 579. Dis- content in consequence, 579. His measures of 1648, and their consequences, 581 Emigrés, decrees against, iv. 470, 472. Re-en- actment of sanguinary laws against, v. 38. Act of indemnity to, 342, 344 Emperors of Germany, robes and ornaments
worn at the coronation of the, iv. 219 note. Empire, attempts to resuscitate an, i. 1.
Dif- ference between a nation and an, 2. End of the empire founded by Charlemagne, 41. Division of the empire into east and west, 43. Little power left to the Emperor in the fifteenth century, ii. 215. Foundation of the empire of Napoleon Buonaparte, and of that of Louis Napoleon, v. 117, 665. 'Encyclopédie,' appearance of the first volume of the, iv. 258. Edict against all concerned in it, 269. Scope of the work, 294, 295. Its most essential portion, 295
Enghien, Duc d' (son of the Prince of Condé), marries a niece of Cardinal Richelieu, iii. 532. Appointed to the command of the army of Flanders, 557. Defeats the Spaniards at Rocroy, 557. At the battle of Nordlingen, 570. Besieges and takes Dunkirk, 572. Suc- ceeds his father as Prince of Condé. See Louis, le grand Condé.' Enghien, Duke d', his arrest and death, v. 114,
Enghien, Count d', captures Gravelines, ii. 19. Put to death at Ghent, 19
Enghien, Count d', entrusted by Francis I. with the command in Piedmont, ii. 559. Oc- cupies Carmagnola, 560. Defeats the Impe- rialists at the battle of Cerisolles, 560, 561. Killed, 587
Enghien, Count d', brother of the preceding, gift from the Duke of Guise to, 593. Killed at St. Quentin, 626
England, preparations of Robert the Devil for an expedition against King Canute in, i. 88. Norman conquest of, 93. Condition of the kingdom in the twelfth century, 129. Com- pared with the France of that period, 130. Civil war in, on the death of Henry L., 131. How regarded by Henry II., Richard I., and John, i. 150. Immunities obtained from their kings by the population of this period, 151. The peculiar system of monarchy in England, 171. Transferred by the Pope from John of England to Philip Augustus of France, 187. Arrangements of Philip Augustus for a descent upon, 187. kingdom handed over to the Pope, 188. The crown offered by the barons to Prince Louis (afterward Louis VIII.), and accepted, 192. Landing of the French under Louis, 193. Who is defeated and compelled to evacuate the country, 193. Impatience of
the kingdom at the ill-usage of Rome, 229. National animosities between English and French, in the thirteenth century, 298. A quarrel with England picked by Philip the Fair, 306. A fleet fitted out by the Cinque Ports, which destroys the French fleet, 306, 307. 308.
England tricked out of Guienne, 307, Relations between France and Eng- land during the reign of Edward II., 380. Causes of the war of Edward III. with France, 382, 389. Military condition of the two kingdoms at this period, 386. The first naval battle between France and England, 409. Arrangement of John, Duke of Nor- mandy, with his subjects for the invasion of England, 424. Difference of kingly power in England and in France, ii. 1. State of England at the close of the fourteenth cen- tury, 10. Determination of the lower classes to avoid unjust taxation, 15. The northern counties invaded by the Admiral de Vienne, 35. Charles VI.'s preparations for an expe- dition to, 36. Slow progress of the doctrines of Wicliffe in, 74. Moderation of the Eng- lish in France in 1412, 88, 89. The English expelled by Charles V. of France from their hereditary dominions on the Continent, 109. Causes of English superiority at the battle of Agincourt, 115. The English coast ra- vaged by the fleets of the Armagnacs, 122. Difficulties of the English armies in France in garrisoning towns, 144, 145. The English pressed on all sides by the French, 187. And deserted by the Duke of Burgundy, 188-192. Paris taken from them, 194. The only two towns remaining to them, 196. The political destiny of England, France, and Germany, contrasted, 215, 216. English driven out of Normandy, 226–228. And finally out of Gascony, 228-231. The English policy of Louis XI., 259. Antagon- ism between the Houses of York and Lan- caster, 259, 260. Success of Edward IV., 261. The last great attempt of England to crush France by invasion, 313, 314. The nobles of England purchased and pensioned by France, 332. Result to England of the bad faith and irresolution of Edward IV., 341. Difference between the Three Estates of England and France, 356. Struggle in England in the reign of Edward VI., 602, 603. Treaty between Louis XIII. of France and Philip IV. of Spain for the invasion of England, iii. 473. Condition of England, compared with that of France, in the middle of the seventeenth century, 631. War between England and Holland, 661. Formation of the Triple Alliance, 665. Treachery of Charles II., 673. Condition of England at the latter part of the seventeenth century, iv. 11. Im- migration of Huguenots into, 19. Conclusion
of a new treaty with Holland, 104. Supremacy of the Tories in England, 107. Negotiations at Utrecht, 108. Offers of France to England, 109. Peace of Utrecht, 116. Glory obtained by England by the war of the Spanish succession, 119. Accession of the House of Hanover, 131. Stationary policy of England and France, 142. Conclusion of a new Triple Alliance, 148. England at war with Spain, 154. Importance of the colonies and foreign commerce of England, 164, 165. Conclusion of a treaty between England and Spain, 182. Joins France and Prussia against Austria and Spain, 193. Peace concluded, 199. Rise of colonial rivalry between England and France, 211. War between England and Spain, 212. True policy of England in the time of Walpole, 223. War declared against England by France, 226. Superiority of the English at sea, 240. Destruction of the French fleet destined for the invasion of England, 277. Quarrel between England and her American colonies, 352. War with France arising out of these events, 356. Proposed invasion of England, 356, 357. Spain joins the FrancoAmerican alliance, 357. Commercial treaty with France, 381. See Assembly; Directory; Napoleon I., &c., for continuation of references to English history.
Enragés, the Duke of Orleans' club so called,
Enrique, Don, proposed as a husband for Queen Isabella, v. 568, 569
Ensheim, exploit of Turenne at, iii. 691 Ensisheim, treaty of, ii. 220
Entragues, Henriette d', becomes mistress of Henry IV., iii. 352. Created Marquise de Verneuil, 352. Plots the assassination of the King, 357
Entresol,' the, formed in Paris, iv. 210 Envoys from France to Turkey murdered, ii.
Epernay, burned by mercenary free corps, i. 486. Siege of, iii. 289
Epernon, La Valette (favourite of Henry III.), created Duke of, iii. 196. Created Admiral and Duke of Normandy, 214. Marked for proscription, 220. Refuses to recognise Henry IV. as king, 255. Fails to support the League in Provence, 309. Submits to Henry IV., 320. Compels the Parliament to declare Marie de Medicis regent, 385. Enmity of Condé and Bouillon to him, 408, 409. Encourages Marie de Medicis to escape from confinement, 421. Receives her in Angoulême, 422. Displaced there by Richelieu, 423. Secured by the King, 426. Blockades La Rochelle, 431
Epernon, Duke d', his disputes with the Bordelais, iii. 601. Compelled to withdraw from
the city, 601. Recalled from his governorship, 603
Epignac, D', Archbishop of Lyons, his advice to the Duke of Guise, iii. 223. Confined in the Oubliettes, 231. Opposes the demands of the King of Spain, 263. His opposition to Henry IV. as king, 294. Takes the Duke of Nemours prisoner, 308
Epinal ceded to the Duke of Calabria, ii. 275 Epresmenil, his speeches in Parliament, iv. 390, 395. Arrested, 398. His opposition to tolerance to the Protestants, 397. Draws up a set of resolutions, 407
Erasmus, his controversy with the monks, . 512. Offered by Francis I. the control of the Tr.lingual College, 513. Denounced as a Protestant, 516
Erfurt, interview of Buonaparte with Alexander at, v. 150, 156
Ernest Augustus, Bishop of Osnaburg, created Elector of Hanover, iv. 81
Erpo, Count of Bourges, mortgages his territories to Philip I., i. 116 Esmandreville, Huguenot president, iii. 69 Espartero, General (Duke of Victoria), defeats the army of Don Carlos, v. 519. Signs convention of Bergara, 520. A Liberal, 52. Objects to the conduct of French envoy. M Salvandy, 565. On account of his opposing the Moderado, obliged to fly for his life, 566 Esprit, Pont St., fortress of the, taken by the Free Companies, i. 499
Esprit, Saint, foundation of the order of,
Essarts, Des, provost of Paris, arrests Montagu ii. 78. The provostship taken from him, & Returns to Paris, and joins the Burgundians. 84. Charges brought against him by the Carmelite, Pavilly, 92. Escapes from Paris 93. Returns and seizes the Bastille, 98. Where he is besieged, 93. Surrenders, 93, 94. Executed by the Parisians, 99
Essé, D', General, killed, ii. 614 Essex, Earl of, sent by Queen Elizabeth to the aid of Henry IV., iii. 275. Sent in 1592 with further supplies to Henry IV., 28 Appointed to the command of the Enghs levies for the succour of Calais, 322. He expedition to Cadiz, 325
Essling, battle of, v. 163 Estaing, Admiral Count d', commands a flet for the West Indies, iv. 356. His engag ment with Lord Howe, 357. Repulsed befor Savannah, 357
Estates, the first instance of the separation af the, i. 291. The Three, summoned for th first time, 322. Meeting after the capture e King John, 465. Their proceedings, 46 The old councillors proscribed by them, 46 Adjourned by the Duke of Normandy, 467 Formation and functions of the Council c
The acts of the Estates cancelled by the captive King in England, 470. Reconvoked by the regent Charles, 471. The sanguinary acts of the mob under Marcel approved of by them, 475. Convoked by the Dauphin in 1413, ii. 90. Harangues of Benoit, Gentien, and of the Carmelite, Pavilly, 90. Ordonnances of Charles VII. necessi- tating their sanction in levying tailles and aides, 199. Meeting at Tours in 1468, 288. Convoked by Anne of Beaujeu, 352. Meet- ing of the, summoned by Anne of Beaujeu, 356. Their formation at this time, 356. Grievances of the Commons, 358. of results of the meeting, 361, 362. League formed to restore the authority of the, 366. Summoned at Lyons in 1494, 381. Net con- voked by Louis XII., who, however, diminishes the taxes, 397. Meeting of, at Tours, 1506, 422. Meeting at Meaux, iii. 29. Assembled by Charles IX., 34. Convoked at Blois, 179, 182. Assembly of 1580 at Blois, 223. Con- voked in Paris for the purpose of electing a king, 290. Dissolution of the Estates of the League, 305, 306. Character of the assembly, 306. Meeting at Rouen under Henry IV., 327. Formation of the Council of Reason, 328. Meeting of 1614, 400. Their different pretensions at this meeting, 401. Set aside in France by Louis XIII., 418. Assembly of notables of 1626, 469. The Estates of the provinces crushed by Richelieu, 502, 503. The representative system not popular in France in the 17th century, 593. The States General demanded by Parliament, iv. 390. Summoned for 1789, 402, 404. Meets, 413 Estrapade, punishment of the, for heretics, ii. 531 Estrées, Gabrielle d', mistress of Henry IV., iii. 289, 313. Her quarrel with Sully, 350. Her death, 351 Estrées, Marshal d', temp. Louis XV., commands. the French army against Prussia, iv. 269 Etampes acquired by Louis, Duke of Brittany, ii. 275. Battle of, iii. 621
Etampes, Duchess of, mistress of Francis I., ii. 495, 507. Advises Francis I. to detain Charles V., 545. Her enmity to Chancellor Poyet, 550. Opposes the Guises, 550. Hated by the Dauphin, 565 Etaples, treaty of, ii. 375
Etienne, Rabaud St., executed, iv. 636 Etruria, King of, made monarch of Algarves by Napoleon, v. 152
Eu, capture of, from the Normans, i. 58. Burned
by the English, 408. Captured by Charles the Rash, ii. 302. The county of, reverts to the Duke of Guise, iii. 110
Eu, Count of, killed at Courtray, i. 327 En, Count d', Constable, defeated by Edward
III. at Caen, i. 423. Surrenders to Thomas of Holland, 424. His residence at the Eng-
lish court as a prisoner, 446. Goes to Paris, where he is seized and decapitated, 447 Eu, Count d', the office of constable given to the, ii. 44. Joins the crusade against the Turks, 46. Taken prisoner at Nicopolis, 46. Taken prisoner at Agincourt, 114. Refuses to admit the League into Paris, 273
Eudes, Duke of Aquitaine, becomes almost independent of Pepin, i. 14. Checks the advance of the Saracens, 14. Flies before Charles Martel, 15. Compelled by Charles Martel to pay homage, 17
Eudes III., Duke of Burgundy, joins a crusade against the Albigenses, i. 176
Eudes IV., Duke of Burgundy, maintains the rights of his niece Jeanne, daughter of Louis X., i. 368. An arrangement with Philip of Poictiers, the regent, 369. Whose daughter he marries, and obtains Franche Comté, 370. Induced to assume the Cross, 395
Eudes, Count of Paris, his defence of the city against the Normans, i. 50. Elected king, 51. Attacks of the neighbouring nobles, 51. The great famine of 889, 52. Heads an army to the countries beyond the Loire, 52. Charles the Simple proclaimed king during Eudes' absence, 52. Eudes' death, 52
Eudes, Count of Champagne, disputes Swiss Burgundy with Conrad II., i. 90.* Slain, 90 Eudes, imbecile brother of Henry I., seized by the sons of the Count of Champagne, i. 91 Eugène, Prince, his part in the battle of Mar- saglia, iv. 48. Takes command of the Im- perial army, 84. Defeats the Turks at Zenta, 84. Baffles the French in the Milanese, 84. And defeats them at Chiari, 84. Captures Villeroy in Cremona, 86. Encamps at Schel- lenberg, 90. His part in the battle of Blen- heim, 90, 91. Defeats the French before Turin, 96. Invades Provence, but retreats from Toulon, 98. Besieges and takes Liile, 100. With Marlborough at Malplaquet, 103. Goes to Londen, 109. His advice there re- jected, 109. Abandoned by the English, 113. Invests Landrecies, 114. Advises the Em- peror to continue the war with France alone, 118. Unable to succour Landau, 118. Nego- tiates the peace of Radstadt, 119
Eustace of Boulogne joins the First Crusade,
Eustace, son of King Stephen of England, married to the sister of Louis VII., i. 136 Eustace de St. Pierre, the citizen of Calais, his
noble conduct, i. 435, 436. Transfers his allegiance to the English king, 437 Eustace de Ribeaumont, his personal encounter with Edward III., i. 438. Who presents him with a chaplet of pearls, 438. His report on the English position at Poitiers, 461. His advice to the King as to the mode of attack, 462. Killed in the battle, 464
Evans, General Sir De Lacy, and his legion crush the Carlist insurrection, and captures Bilbao, v. 519
Everingham, Sir Thomas, joins the Burgundians with a body of English archers, ii. 338. Routs the French at Guinegate, 339
Evreux, occupied by Hugh the Great, i. 59. Taken by Louis the Fat, 119. But burnt by Henry I. of England, 119. Taken by Philip Augustus for Prince (afterwards King) John of England, 160. Given up to his brother by John, 160. Its French garrison slaughtered, 160. Burned by the French under King John, 460. Recovered by Philip of Navarre, 468. Retained by Charles the Bad, 508. Defeat of Girondist forces at, iv. 594 Evreux, Count of, his rivalry with his brother Charles of Valois, i. 372 Excelmans, General, suspected and tried as a spy, v. 240. His treatment by the Red Re-
publicans, 469 Excommunication, social tyranny of the power of, of the clergy, i. 266, 396. The papal right of, declared by the Diet of Frankfort to be abolished, 398. Power of, limited by the Council of Basle, ii. 218 Exeter, Thomas Beaufort, Duke of, commands the English garrison in Harfleur, ii. 111. At- tacked by the Constable d'Armagnac, 119 Exilles, the French driven out of, iv. 99. Ceded to the Duke of Savoy, 117 Eylau, battle of, v. 134, 135
ABRE, one of the first French Protestants, ii.
preaching Meaux,
draws to Nerac, 515. Sorbonne, 516
Fabre, member of the Convention, iv. 535 Fabvier, Colonel, crosses the Bidassoa, v. 327 Falaise, seized and held by Robert the Devil, i.
87. Besieged by Duke Richard III., who is murdered in the castle, 88. Arthur, Duke of Brittany, committed to the castle of, 164. Declares for the Huguenots, iii. 67 Falkland Islands seized by Spain, iv. 323 Falloux, M., insists on the abolition of the Ate- liers, v. 625. Minister of public worship, 637 Family Compact, the, iv. 283
Famine in France, iv. 48; v. 578 Farel, one of the first French Reformers, ii. 515. Preaches the doctrines at Meaux, 515. Withdraws to Dauphiné, 515. Escapes to Montbeliard, 528
Fargis, De, French envoy at Madrid, concludes a treaty with Spain, iii. 463
Farnese, Cardinal, invokes a general council, ii. 579
Farnese, Horatio, son of the Duke of Parma, marries Diana, natural daughter of Henry II. of France, ii. 613
Fastolf, Sir John, has charge of a convoy to the English before Orleans, ii. 157. Defeats the King's forces at the battle of Herrings, 158. Reinforces the English on the Loire, 168. Defeated by Jeanne d'Arc at Patay, 168 Faucher, brothers, murdered by French Royal | ists, v. 265
Faucher, Léon, examines the state of the public works, &c., v. 625. Becomes home minister, 637
Faur, Du, judge, his speech to the King, ii. 646. Arrested, 647
Favas, undertakes to seize the mouths of the Garonne, iii. 434
Favras, his plot, iv. 450. And execution
Favre, Jules, loses his appointment of hom: minister, v. 618
Fayette, M. de la, defeated and taken prisoner at the battle of Verneuil, ii. 150, 151. Jons the Count of Clermont at the battle of Her rings, 158. Advocates peace with England,
Fayette, Marquis de la. See Lafayette. When General, sent as delegate to Allied Powers, v. 257, 259. Refused entrance to Chamber of Deputies, 260. President of the Co- gregation, 314. His flight, 315. Saved by fidelity of his brother conspirators, 318 Receives indemnity money, 346. Prose cuted for his oration on Manuel, 363. WA comed at Paris, 381. Proposes a provision government, 397. Takes command of Na- tional Guards, 403. Orders the liberation (é the Duke of Chartres, 408. Deprecates pre cipitate measures, 410. Introduces the Del of Orleans to the people, 412. His convers tion with the duke about American instin- tions and popular government, 412. Speaks against changes in Charter, 416. Disagree ing with the government, resigns his com mand of the National Guards, 431. H dismissal, 432. Disgusted with exhibition: Red Republicans, 469. His death, 485 Fayette, La, Mademoiselle, Louis XIII's pla tonic affection for, iii. 529. Enters a conve 529. Visited there by the King, 531 Faypoult, finance minister of the Directory,v. Fédérés of the South, Barbaroux proposes the
coming to Paris, iv. 497. Their camp Paris, 502. Their oath of allegiance advis by Robespierre, 502. Demand the déchear- of the King, 503. Look for orders to t Jacobins and Mountain, 503. Second bat of, arrives at Paris, 506. Their encou?". with the National Guards, 507. Threat deputies who voted Lafayette's acquittal, & ~ Fehrbelin, battle of, iii. 692 Feltre, Duke of. See Clarke
Felix V., Pope, elected by the Council of B de ii. 217. Resigns the tiara, 221
« AnteriorContinuar » |