escape."

"And sayest thou so, my dear?" said the giant, "I will therefore search them in the morning."

Well, on Saturday, about midnight, they began to pray; and continued in prayer till almost break of day.*

Now, a little before it was day, good Christian, as one half amazed, brake out in this passionate speech: "What a fool," quoth he, "am I, thus to lie in a stinking dungeon, when I may as well walk at liberty! I have a key in my bosom, called Promise, that will, I am persuaded, open any lock in Doubting Castle." Then said Hopeful, "That is good news, good brother; pluck it out of thy bosom, and try."

Then Christian pulled it out of his bosom, and began to try at the dungeon door; whose bolt, as he turned the key, gave back, and the door flew open with ease; and Christian and Hopeful both came out. Then he went to the outward door that leads into the castle-yard, and with this key opened that door also. After, he went to the iron-gate, for that must be opened too; but that lock went very hard: yet the key did open it. Then they thrust open the door to make their escape with speed; but that gate, as it opened, made such a creaking that it waked Giant Despair; who, hastily rising to pursue his prisoners, felt his limbs to fail; for his fits took him again, so that he could by no means go after them. Then they went on, and came to the king's highway, and so were safe, because they were out of the giant's jurisdiction.

Now, when they were gone over the stile, they began to contrive with themselves, what they should do at the stile, to prevent those that should come after from falling into the hand of Giant Despair. So they consented to erect there a pillar, and to engrave upon the stile thereof this sentence: "Over this stile is the way to Doubting Castle; which is kept by Giant Despair; who despiseth the King of the Celestial Country, and seeks to destroy his Holy Pilgrims." Many, therefore, that followed after, read what was written, and escaped the danger. This done, they sang as follows:

"Out of the way we went, and then we found
What 'twas to tread upon forbidden ground.
And let them that come after have a care,

Lest they, for trespassing, his prisoners are,

Whose castle's Doubting, and whose name's Despair."

* Continued in prayer till almost break of day. "Prayer wrestleth with the devil, and will overthrow him; prayer wrestleth with God, and will overcome him; prayer wrestleth with all temptations, and makes them fly. Great things have been done by prayer, even by the prayer of those that have contracted guilt, and by their sins lost the smiles and sense of the favor of God. Therefore, when this needy, this evil time has overtaken thee, pray! Ply it hard!" Bunyan's Saint's Privilege.

I will therefore search them.

I

·will search

them

therefore.

Therefore is an adjunct of cause.

They went then till they came to the Delectable Mountains; which mountains belong to the Lord of that hill of which we have spoken before. So they went up to the mountains,* to behold the gardens and orchards, the vineyards and fountains of water; where also they drank and washed themselves, and did freely eat of the vineyards. Now there were on the tops of those mountains shepherds feeding their flocks; and they stood by the highway side. The pilgrims therefore went to them, and leaning upon their staffs, as is common with weary pilgrims, when they stand to talk with any by the way, they asked, "Whose delectable mountains are these? and whose be the sheep that feed upon them?"

Shepherds. These mountains are Emanuel's Land: and they are within sight of his city; and the sheep also are his, and He laid down his life for them. Christian. Is this the way to the Celestial City?

Shepherds. You are just in the way.

Christian. How far is it thither?

Shepherds. Too far for any but those that shall get thither indeed.
Christian. Is the way safe or dangerous?

Shepherds. Safe for those for whom it is to be safe; "But transgressors shall fall therein."

Christian. Is there in this place any relief for pilgrims, that are weary and faint in the way?

Shepherds. The Lord of these mountains hath given us a charge "not to be forgetful to entertain strangers. Therefore the good of the place is

before you.

I also saw in my dream, that when the shepherds perceived they were wayfaring men, they also put questions to them, to which they made answer as in other places; as, "Whence came you?" and, "How got you into the way ?” and, "By what means have you so persevered therein? for, but few of them that begin to come hither, do show their faces at these mountains.' But when the shepherds heard their answers; being pleased therewith, they looked very lovingly upon them, and said, "Welcome to the Delectable Mountains!'

The shepherds, I say, whose names were Knowledge, Experience, Watchful, and Sincere, took them by the hand, and had them to their tents, and made them partake of that which was ready at present. They said, moreover, "We would that you should stay here awhile, to be acquainted with us; and yet more to solace yourselves with the good of the Delectable Mountains." Then they told them, that they were content to stay; so they went to their rest that night, because it was very late.

Then I saw in my dream, that in the morning the shepherds called up

* So they went up to the mountains, etc. See this passage quoted in the sketch of Bunyan's Life, p. 288. In this delightful transition from the gloom and terror of Doubting Castle to the soft splendor and joy of the Delectable Mountains, Bunyan has unwittingly displayed consummate art. "It is as ordinary as for the light to shine, for God to make black and dismal dispensations to usher in bright and pleasing; yea, and the more frightful that is which goes before, the more comfortable is that which follows after." Bunyan's Antichrist and its Ruin.-Shall fall therein. Hos. xiv., 9.-Entertain strangers. Heb. xiii., 2.

The shepherds took them by the hand. Analyze,

Christian and Hopeful to walk with them upon the mountain, * So they went forth with them and walked awhile, having a pleasant prospect on every side. Then said the shepherds one to another, "Shall we show these pilgrims some wonders?" So, when they had concluded to do it, they had them first to the top of a hill, called Error; which was very steep on the farthest side; and bade them look down to the bottom. So Christian and Hopeful looked down, and saw, at the bottom several men dashed all to pieces by a fall that they had from the top. Then said Christian, What meaneth this?" The shepherds answered, "Have you not heard of them that were made to err, by hearkening to Hymeneus and Philetus; as concerning the faith of the resurrection of the body?" They answered, "Yes." Then said the shepherds, "Those that you see dashed in pieces at the bottom of this mountain, are they: and they have continued to this day unburied, as you see, for an example for others to take heed how they clamber too high, or how they come too near to the brink of this mountain.'

Then I saw, that they had them to the top of another mountain; and the name of this is Caution; and bade them look afar off. Which when they did, they perceived, as they thought, several men, walking up and down among the tombs that were there: and they perceived that the men were blind; because they stumbled sometimes upon the tombs, and because they could not get out from among them. Then said Christian, "What means this ?”

The shepherds then answered: "Did you not see a little below these mountains a stile that led into a meadow, on the left-hand of this way? They answered, "Yes." Then said the shepherds, "From the stile there goes a path that leads directly to Doubting Castle, which is kept by Giant Despair; and these men (pointing to them among the tombs) came once on pilgrimage, as you do now, even till they came to that same stile. And because the right way was rough in that place, they chose to go out of it into that meadow; and there were taken by Giant Despair, and cast into Doubting Castle; where, after they had been a while kept in a dungeon, he at last did put out their eyes, and led them among those tombs, where he has left them to wander to this very day, that the saying of the wise man might be fulfilled, "He that wandereth out of the way of understanding shall remain in the congregation of the dead." Then Christian and Hopeful looked upon one another with tears gushing out, but yet said nothing to the shepherds.

Then I saw in my dream, that the shepherds had them to another place

* To walk with them upon the mountain. In the old editions, thirteen of which were published prior to 1693, there were fourteen rude wood-cuts, and under each were four lines of rhyme. Under the one representing the shepherds entertaining the pilgrims on the Delectable Mountains were the following:

"Mountains Delectable they now ascend,

Where shepherds be, which to them do commend
Alluring things, and things that cautions are.
Pilgrims are steady kept by faith and fear."

Hymeneus, etc. 2 Tim. ii., 17, 18.--Saying of the wise man. Prov. xxi., 16.

Analyze, They have continued unburied, for an example. The last three words introduce a purpose or end (what is termed the final cause).

Analyze, They come too near. Too denotes degree.

in a bottom, where was a door in the side of a hill: and they opened the door, and bade them look in. They looked in therefore, and saw that; within, it was very dark and smoky; they also thought that they heard there a rumbling noise, as of fire; and a cry of some tormented; and that they smelt the scent of brimstone. Then said Christian, "What means this?" The shepherds told him, "This is a by-way to hell; a way that hypocrites go in at; namely, such as sell their birth-right, with Esau; such as sell their master, with Judas; such as blaspheme the gospel, with Alexander; and that lie and dissemble, with Ananias and Sapphira his wife.”

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Then said Hopeful to the shepherds, "I perceive that these had on them, even every one, a show of pilgrimage, as we have now. Had they not? Shepherds. Yes; and held it a long time too.

Hopeful. How far might they go on pilgrimage in their days; since they, notwithstanding, were thus miserably cast away?

Shepherds. Some farther, and some not so far as these mountains.

Then said the pilgrims one to another, "We have need to cry to the strong for strength."

Shepherds. Ay, and you will have need to use it, when you have it, too. By this time the pilgrims had a desire to go forwards, and the shepherds a desire they should. So they walked together towards the end of the mountains. Then said the shepherds one to another, "Let us here show the pilgrims the gates to the Celestial City, if they have skill to look through our perspective glass." The pilgrims then lovingly accepted the motion. So they had them to the top of a high hill called Clear, and gave them the glass to look through.

*

Then they tried to look; but the remembrance of the last things that the Shepherds had showed them made their hands shake; by means of which impediment they could not look steadily through the glass. Yet they thought they saw something like the gate, and also some of the glory of the place. Then they went away, and sang,

* Perspective glass. Just about the time that Bunyan was writing this, or a little earlier, Milton was composing the famous lines in which he calls the telescope of Galileo an 'optic glass.”

"The moon, whose orb

Through optic glass the Tuscan artist views,

At evening, from the top of Fesolé."-Par. Lost, 1., 288.

Perceive, discern, distinguish, see, recognize, comprehend, observe, understand. Write out, etc.

They went and sang. Here are two sentences in one, a compound sentence. The two are co-ordinate, or mutually independent, though connected. The sentence is a Co-ordinate Compound Sentence (Co. Com. Sent.)

Two or more subjects or predicates are essential to the compound sentence, whereas the simple sentence has but one of each.

"Thus by the Shepherds, secrets are revealed,

Which from all other men are kept concealed.
Come to the Shepherds then, if you would see
Things deep, things hid, and that mysterious be."

When they were about to depart, one of the shepherds gave them a note of the way. Another of them bade them beware of the Flatterer. The third bade them take heed that they stepped not upon the enchanted ground. And the fourth bade them God-speed! So I awoke from my dream.

And I slept, and dreamed again, and saw the same two pilgrims going down the mountains along the highway towards the City. Now, a little below these mountains, on the left hand, lieth the country of Conceit; from which country there comes into the way in which the pilgrims walked, a little crooked lane. Here, therefore, they met with a very brisk lad, that came out of that country; and his name was Ignorance. So Christian asked him from what parts he came, and whither he was going?

Ignorance. Sir, I was born in the country that lieth off there on the left hand, and am going to the Celestial City.

Christian. But how do you think to get in the gate? for you may find some difficulty there.

Ignorance. As other people do.

Christian. But what have you to show at that gate, that the gate should be opened to you?

Ignorance. I know my Lord's will, and have been a good liver. I pay every man his own. I pray, fast, pay tithes, and give alms, and have left my country for whither I am going.

Christian. But thou camest not in at the Wicket-gate that is at the head of this way. Thou camest in hither through that same crooked lane; and therefore, I fear, however thou mayest think of thyself, when the reckoning-day shall come, thou shalt have laid to thy charge that thou art "a thief and a robber," instead of getting admittance into the city.

Ignorance. Gentlemen, ye be utter strangers to me. I know you not. Be content to follow the religion of your country, and I will follow the religion of mine.* I hope all will be well. And as for the gate that you talk of, all the world knows that this is a great way off our country. I cannot think that any men in all our parts do so much as know the way to it; nor need they matter whether they did or no, since we have, as ye see, a fine pleasant green lane, that comes down from our country, the next way into it.

When Christian saw that the man was wise in his own conceit, he said to Hopeful whisperingly, "There is more hope of a fool than of him;"

* I will follow the religion of mine. "There is the wilfully ignorant professor, or him [he] who is afraid to know more through fear of the cross. When he is at any time overtaken by arguments or awakenings of conscience, he uses to heal all by I was not brought up in this faith; as if it were unlawful for Christians to know more than hath been taught them at first. There are many scriptures that lie against this man, as the mouths of great guns." Bunyan's Strait Gate.-More hope of a fool. Prov. xxvi., 12.

Reveal, divulge, unveil, make known, publish, disclose, discover. Other synonymes? Write out, etc.

Analyze I slept and dreamed.