able for many, many State and local uses among the many other things it is useful for. I hope that further cooperation can be made between NASA so that we can disseminate this. I think you have made a very excellent statement. I want to thank you for being here this morning and for the fine work that you are doing in helping to promote this area of cooperation. Mr. ANDERSON. Thank you very much, Mr. Chairman. Mr. FUQUA. The subcommittee will stand in recess until 2 this afternoon when we will meet in room 2318. [Whereupon, at 12:30 p.m. the subcommittee recessed, to reconvene at 2 p.m. the same day.] AFTERNOON SESSION Mr. FUQUA. The subcommittee will be in order. This afternoon we continue our discussions of NASA space applications users developmental activities for remote sensing technology. Our witnesses will be representatives from the various Federal departments and agencies who are making use of remote sensing technology. We are going to use a panel discussion format whereby the witnesses will be asked to take approximately 5 minutes to summarize the major points of their statements and the users activities related to their departments, and after everyone has completed his statement we will begin a question and answer session. The witnesses are Dr. John DeNoyer, Director, Earth Resources Observations Systems Program, U.S. Geological Survey with the Department of Interior; Mr. Howard W. Hjort, Director, Economics Policy Analysis and Budget, Department of Agriculture; Mr. David S. Johnson, Director, National Environmental Satellite Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Brig. Gen. Drake Wilson, Deputy, Division of Civil Works, Army Corps of Engineers, accompanied by Jack Jarman, Chief, Office of Staffing and Management,_Directorate of Civil Works; Mr. George B. Morgan, Director, Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory, Environmental Protection Agency; Mr. Sander Levin, Assistant Administrator for the Development Support Bureau, Agency for International Development, accompanied by Mr. Charles Paul; and Dr. Anthony Calio, Associate Administrator for Space and Terrestrial Applications, NASA, who appeared this morning and has agreed to participate in the question and answer discussion. [The prepared statement and summary statement of Dr. DeNoyer follows:] Statement of John M. DeNoyer Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior before the SUBCOMMITTEE ON SPACE SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS Mr. Chairman and Members of the Subcommittee: Thank you for the opportunity to discuss current and potential uses of space technology in the Department of the Interior. This statement discusses how the Earth Resources Observation Systems (EROS) Program applies, demonstrates, and distributes remotely sensed data; gives examples of how space technology is used in remote sensing applications and in transmitting data from remote field sites; describes potential applications of data to be collected by approved missions to be launched in the future; and discusses the potential contribution of future projects using space technology. EARTH RESOURCES OBSERVATION SYSTEMS PROGRAM To facilitate the use of current and future space systems, the Interior Department established the Earth Resources Observation Systems (EROS) Program in 1966. The purpose of the EROS Program is to develop, demonstrate, and encourage applications of remotely sensed data acquired from aircraft and spacecraft which are relevant to functional responsibilities of the Department. The primary areas of activity are: The Interior Department seeks to take maximum advantage of space technology to fulfill its responsibilities commensurate with economy and efficiency. Research using space data and technology has led to beneficial uses within the Department and provision of space data to many organizations with similar responsibilities in State and local governments as well as foreign countries. Along with use of the technology goes the fundamentally important task of assuring that the needs of the Interior Department are known by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and that NASA's space research and development is aimed at meeting those needs. The EROS Program discusses with NASA the results of present space technology use, the improvements needed in present systems,, Interior's identified information needs, and the design of new systems to meet those needs. The key facility of the EROS Program is the EROS Data Center (EDC) in Sioux Falls, South Dakota, the principal archive for remotely sensed data collected by U.S. Geological Survey (GS) aircraft, by NASA research aircraft, and by Landsat, Skylab, Apollo, and Gemini spacecraft. Application demonstration and research EROS Program scientists seek new applications of remote sensing to significant resource and environmental problems, commonly in cooperation with other organizations. One example is the Pacific Northwest Land Resources Inventory Demonstration Project, sponsored by the Pacific Northwest Regional Commission (PNRC) in cooperation with the EROS Program, the Geography Program of GS, and NASA. This project has demonstrated the utility of Landsat data for a number of resource management problems in the States of Idaho, Oregon, and Washington. For example, analysis of wildlife habitat in Oregon has led to a decision to alter timber cutting patterns in order to preserve fawn-rearing habitat. In Idaho, a survey monitoring urban change was done with 98 percent accuracy in 1 man-month using Landsat data versus 15 man-years using standard methods. Also, the identification of crop types has allowed the Idaho Water Resources Department to improve its water model and make better decisions on present and future utilization and allocation of irrigation water. Because of the useful results achieved, a followon Landsat Application Project has been approved by the PNRC to establish an operational capability in the region to extract and utilize information derived from satellite and other remotely sensed data. Additional EROS Program demonstration and research activities include: a. Development of techniques to monitor of large strip mine b. changes using Landsat, in cooperation with the Bureau of Mines; Correlation of "lineaments" observed on Landsat imagery with roof falls in underground mines, in cooperation with the Mine Safety and Health Administration; C. d. e. f. Experimenting with methods for using Landsat to classify range and forest vegetation, in cooperation with NASA and the Bureau of Land Management; Use of imagery from the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES) to observe distribution and temperature of clouds, in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation; Experimental use of Landsat imagery for producing land systems maps for assessment of land use potential; Experimental use of Landsat data for monitoring changes in 8. Compilation of a Landsat image atlas of glaciers of the world; spacecraft. User assistance and training A major function of the EROS Data Center (EDC) is to provide training to resource specialists and land managers in the use of Landsat and other remotely sensed data. In Fiscal Year 1977, there were 650 participants in technical programs, including 17 discipline-oriented courses, 30 workshops, 1 symposium, and 3 courses in digital techniques. In addition, there were 120 foreign attendees at the 8th and 9th International Workshops given at EDC, and two similar courses given in Buenos Aires. The EDC staff also cooperated with NASA and the Water Resources Division of GS in conducting two workshops on the use of Landsat and Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite data collection platforms in Bolivia and Chile. |