duced, under a penalty of £10. half to be paid to the informer and half to the poor, s. 30. and such persons having alien lodgers, shall give notice in writing to such justice, with a description, &c. of the alien, under a like penalty of £10. s. 32.

Penalties on this act under £40. to be recovered before one justice, and levied by distress and sale of the offender's goods, s. 46.

ALMANACKS.

The act 55 Geo. III. c. 184, grants a new duty on almanacks.

Persons exposing to sale any almanack, unstamped, shall, on conviction before one justice, on the oath of one witness, be committed to the House of Correction for not more than three months; any person may apprehend the offender, and carry him before such justice, and such person shall be entitled to 20s: on producing a certificate of the conviction under the hands of the justice, to be paid by the Receiver-General of the Stamp Duties, 16 Geo. II. c. 26, and 30 Geo. II. c. 19.

APPEAL.

An appeal is granted by 17 Geo. III. c. 106, on certain conditions, from a conviction by a justice of peace to any quarter session to be holden within six months after such conviction. If the appellant lodge his appeal and the court dismiss it because the conditions have not been complied with, and

confirm the conviction, such judgment is conclusive, and the party cannot lodge a second appeal from the same conviction though within the six months allowed. Rex v. the Justices of the West Riding of Yorkshire, 3 T. R. 776.-One of the conditions of the act requires the justice to give notice to the party convicted, of his right to appeal to the session; if the justice inform him of such right, and he enter into recognizance, the sessions are bound to receive the appeal, though he did not give the notice in writing.-Rex v. the Justices of Leeds, 4 T. R. 583.

Under Stat. 13, Geo. III. c. 78, no appeal lies to the quarter session against the allowance of the accounts of the surveyor of the highways, Rex v. the Justices of the West Riding of Yorkshire, 5 T. R. 628,- and Rex v. M. Mitchell, 5 T. R. 701.-For further information respecting appeals to the sessions, see title "Poor, &c."

9. APPLES AND PEARS.

The measure called the water measure, to be round, and in diameter eighteen inches and a half within the hoop, and eight inches deep, and such measure shall be heaped; and persons buying or selling apples or pears by any other measure, to forfeit 10s. half to the informer and half to the poor, on conviction, by oath of one witness before one justice, to be levied by distress and sale, 1 Ann,

Stat. 1, c. 15, s. 1.; but this act not to extend to measures sealed and allowed by the Fruiterers' Company of London, s. 2. I

[For robbing Orchards, &c. see “ Wood.”]

APPRENTICES.

By Stat. 54 Geo. III. c. 96, the act of 5 Eliz. is repealed so far as respects the prohibition of persons carrying on any trade, &c. unless they had served an apprenticeship for seven years; but this act does not affect or in any wise alter the customs or orders of the City of London respecting apprentices.

Justices of peace may hear and redress complaints between masters and their apprentices, 5 Eliz. c. 4.-2 and 3 Ann, c. 6.-and 20 Geo. II. c. 19.-and by the first statute, if the dispute cannot be adjusted, the justice may bind over the parties to the sessions, and the apprentice may there be discharged by order under the hands and seals of at least four justices.

Overseers of the poor, with the assent of two justices, may bind poor children apprentices,43 Eliz. c. 2,-and by 2 Ann, c. 6, parish boys bound apprentices may be turned over to the sea service. By 18 Geo. III. no such poor child shall continue an apprentice after the age of 21.

By 42 Geo. III. c. 46, overseers must keep a register book of all children bound apprentice by them; each entry to be signed by the justices according to the form set forth in the following Schedule:

Overseer refusing or neglecting to provide such book, or make such entry, or altering, destroying, defacing, or obliterating the same, or not making a true entry, or shall refuse to produce such book to the justice, or shall not deliver the same to his successor within fourteen days after his appointment; or if such successor shall refuse to receive the same, then such person so offending shall forfeit £5. for every such offence, on conviction before any two justices of the place where offence committed, on confession or oath of one witness, to be recovered by distress and sale, or in default, to be committed for not exceeding one calendar month, unless penaltysooner paid; and a like entry to be made of every apprentice assigned under 32 Geo. III. c. 57.

In parish indentures officers of the parish must be parties, and justices must signify their assent, or indentures are void; and it is proper that the justices should sign their assent together, but it is sufficient if one magistrate signs alone, provided he is present at the signing by the other. 3 T. R. 380.

By 51 Geo. III. c. 80, 81, If parish indentures are signed by two only of the churchwardens or overseers, they are valid; and by 54 Geo, III. c. 107, indentures are valid, though executed by a person who at the time of signing the said indentures acted as churchwarden, &c. of a township, hamlet, or chapelry, provided such person shall