In alluding to the recent attempts of Count Wedell, of Denmark, to clear his herd of this disease, the "London Field" has the following: "Mr. Wedell is following in the wake of Prof. Bang's teachings; he is determined that his herd shall be composed of animals that are free from the disease; he recognizes the danger to the farmer of loss; it may be ruin which follows on the spread of tuberculosis, yet he resides upon a thinly inhabited island. Out of something like 300 head of his cattle, a large proportion have reacted after the tuberculin test; in other words, the rise in temperature has shown that they were infected with the disease, insignificant as in many cases the lesions may be. The animals which react are not slaughtered or sold, but are simply housed apart, fed by separate sets of men and grazed on separate fields. The tests are made twice each year, and Count Wedell has every hope that by following this plan unremittingly, he will, in a few years, be able to show a clean bill of health."

Prof. Bang's theory is that, even after the animal has been actually infected, it may throw off the disease if kept in the open air, with good food and care. If this is correct, and the evidence at hand indicates that it is, it is very evident that ventilation has much to do with not only the spread of the disease, but also with the infection.

"Does it pay the farmer to store his grain for higher prices?" Holding grain for higher prices partakes more or less of the nature of speculation, which is not intimately connected with farming, and we think it will be found that if the average of fifteen or twenty years is taken, that holding grain for higher prices does not produce sufficient profit to make it pay.

Secretary Bonham, of the Ohio Board of Agriculture, when asked "What is the gain in selling new wheat from the thresher at 75 cents over keeping it four months and selling it for 80 cents?" replied as follows:

"When the granary is so tight as to protect against loss by vermin or thieves, it is safe to count on taking out as many pounds in February or March as was put in in August or September. The factor, however, that has concerned me more, is the labor. I have sold from the thresher, hauling direct to the elevator, and have stored it in the granary and for a short time on the barn floor, when I could not get teams enough to haul to the elevator as fast as it was threshed. Keeping an accurate account of the cost of the two methods, I have concluded that there is a saving in labor of five cents per bushel by hauling at once to the elevator. Unless one is sure of more than five cents advance, it is better to haul grain to market as it comes from the thresher, when we thresh from the shock or stack."

"In his remarks this morning in relation to tuberculosis, Secretary Edge alluded to the possibility of immunity of some animals; what did he mean?"

It is well known that in all disease caused or produced by germs the different classes of animals are not only affected differently, but that they are liable to infection in very different degrees, and it is also well known that some germ diseases are practically confined to certain kinds of animals. Of this we may instance the disease called contagious pleuro pneumonia; this was confined to cattle, and horses were never known to be affected by it; goats were affected but pigs were not; rabbits were liable to it but many other classes of animals were in some manner protected from it. Although not admitted by all, yet practical evidence seemed to prove that animals which were once infected by this disease and had recovered had in some manner obtained an immunity and were not subject to re-infection.

Not only does a change in the character of the animal appear in some cases to confer immunity, but even among those which are liable the infection takes place to a variety of degrees. Thus, Prof. Nelson writes: "The number and strength of the germs that enter at once or the frequency with which the infection is repeated, as related to the power of the body to resist invasion, is important. The rabbit, for instance, not so susceptible to tuberculosis as the guinea pig, will usually not become tuberculous if the germs that are innoculated have been heated to 140 degrees F., or if they are fewer in number than 150."

When it is remembered that simply raising the temperature to 150 degrees for a short space of time will not destroy the germs so as to prevent infection of the human and bovine races, this variation becomes apparent and plain.

In referring to another source of immunity, Prof. Nelson writes as follows:

"In the case of several diseases (questionably so with tuberculosis) recovery from one attack confers immunity against a subsequent attack. If the blood of an immune animal is innoculated into a susceptible one, it will render the latter immune. When a patient recovers from a disease it is supposed to be due to the fact that his tissues have manufactured an antidote to the bacterial poison, or a counter poison called anti-toxin, which has a repressing or attenuating action upon the germs. By cultivating germs under artificial conditions, they become so changed as to make a weakened poison. These "attenuated" germs, when innoculated or vaccinated into the animal, produce a mild form of the disease, under the stimulus of which the body acquires immunity against stronger attacks."

"Is there any plan by which grapes can be successfully kept in a fresh state?"

The agricultural papers contain numerous plans for effecting this result, and reports indicate that they are none of them successful for any great length of time. One plan which is said to be one of the most successful, is to select only the soundest and best bunches, carefully dip the end of the stem in resin or wax and hang each up in a cool room so that they do not touch each other.

The California Experiment Station, in one of its reports, gives the results of several experiments in this direction, from which the following condensed summary is taken:

"In saw dust grapes kept well for a month but began to decay in six weeks, and at the end of two months were unfit for use. At all times those not injured by decay were seriously injured by a peculiar taste when taken from the saw dust, and the plan was not deemed as successful as that of hanging the bunches in a dark and cool room.

Grapes treated with alcohol vapor and sealed up in a box, the sealing having been done with paraffin, kept their appearance for five months. At the end of nine months many had fallen off the stems and the white ones had turned brown. Those which were otherwise fit to eat were more or less injured by the taste of the alcohol vapor. By dipping the bunches in a weak solution of sulphuric acid before exposing them to the alcohol vapor, did not give much better results, except that a lower percentage changed color.

Grapes which had been sterilized by sulphur fumes and then kept in an atmosphere of carbon dioxide kept well for nine months, but at the end of that time had moulded somewhat; those kept in an atmosphere of sulphur fumes were apparently in about as good condition as those treated with carbon dioxide, except that the black varieties turned brown."

In summarizing the experiment, the following language is used: "These experiments, although in no case successful in preserving grapes in a perfectly marketable condition, are very promising, and show that at least their appearance can be kept perfect. They show also the ease with which grapes, under the conditions in the experiments took up odors, and the necessity of keeping them protected from anything that is liable to give them a bad flavor."

“How much water should there be in butter?”

There is no law upon the statute books of our State which fixes the minimum of water which may legally exist in butter, and we presume that in case of a law suit, expert evidence would be taken to fix this minimum. We believe that English law fixes a minimum of 14 per cent. of water, but it is also stated by good authorities that it is im