WITNESSES. Maurice Y. Garcia, Sheriff of the County of Jefferson, La., in the "New R. J. Bland, Sheriff of Claiborne_Co, Miss., in the "Charleston (S.C.) Courier," August, 28, 1838. Mr. James Noe, Red River Landing, William Craze, jailor, Alexandria, La. in the "Planter's Intelligencer," Sept. 26, 1838. John A. Rowland, jailor, Lumberton, North Carolina, in the "Fayetteville (N. C.) Observer," June 20, 1838. J. K. Roberts, sheriff, Blount county, Ala., in the Huntsville Democrat," Dec. 9, 1838. Mr. H. Varillat, No. 23 Girod street, New Orleans-in the "Commercial Bulletin," August 27, 1838. Mr. Cornelius D. Tolin, Augusta, Ga., in the "Chronicle and Sentinel," Oct. 18, 1838. W. H. Brasseale, sheriff, Blount county, Ala., in the "Huntsville Democrat," June 9, 1838. Mr. Robert Beasley, Macon, Ga., in the “Georgia Messenger," July 27, 1837. Mr. John Wotton, Rockville, Montgomery county, Maryland, in the "Baltimore Republican," Jan. 13, 1838. D. S. Bennett, sheriff, Natchitoches, La., in the "Herald," July 21, 1838. Messrs. C. C. Whitehead, and R. A. Evans, Marion, Georgia, in the Milledgeville (Ga.) "Standard of Union," June 26, 1838. Mr. Samuel Stewart, Greensboro', Ala., in the "Southern Advocate," Huntsville, Jan. 6, 1838. Mr. John Walker, No. 6, Banks' Ar TESTIMONY. whip, on his shoulders and other parts of his body." with the whip." 66 back from being whipped." "Committed to jail, a negro slave-his back is very badly scarred." "Committed, a mulatto fellow-his back shows lasting im pressions of the whip, and leaves no doubt of his being A SLAVE.” "Committed to jail, a negro man-his back much marked by the whip." "Ranaway, the negro slave named Jupiter-has a fresh mark of a cowskin on one of his cheeks." 66 Ranaway, a negro man named Johnson-he has a great many marks of the whip on his back." "Committed to jail, a negro slave named James-much scarred with a whip on his back." 66 the whip." Ranaway, Bill-has several LARGE SCARS on his back from a severe whipping in early life." "Committed to jail, a negro boy who calls himself Joe-said negro bears marks of the whip." Ranaway, negro fellow John-from being whipped, has scars on his back, arms, and thighs." 66 Ranaway, a boy named Jim-with the marks of the whip on the small of the back, reaching round to the flank." 66 cade, New Orleans, in the "Bulletin," the back and other places with the lash. Ranaway, the mulatto boy Quash-considerably marked on August 11, 1838. Mr. Jesse Beene, Cahawba, Ala., in the "State Intelligencer," Tuskaloosa, Dec. 25, 1837. Mr. John Turner, Thomaston, Upson county, Georgia-in the "Standard of Union," Milledgeville, June 26, 1838. James Derrah, deputy sheriff, Claiborne county, Mí., in the "Port Gibson Correspondent," April 15, 1837. S. B. Murphy, sheriff, Wilkinson County, Georgia-in the Milledgeville "Journal," May 15, 1838. Mr. L. E. Cooner, Branchville Orangeburgh District, South Carolina-in the Macon "Messenger," May 25, 1837. John H. Hand, jailor, parish of West Feliciana, La., in the St. "Francisville Journal," July 6, 1837. Ranaway, my negro man Billy-he has the marks of the whip." "Left, my negro man named George-has marks of the whip very plain on his thighs." "Committed to jail, negro man Toy-he has been badly whipped." Brought to jail, a negro man named George-he has a great many scars from the lash." "One hundred dollars reward, for my negro Glasgow, and Kate, his wife. Glasgow is 24 years old-has marks of the whip on his back. Kate is 26-has a scar on her cheek, and several marks of a whip." "Committed to jail, a negro boy named John, about 17 years old-his back badly marked with the whip, his upper lip and chin severely bruised.” The preceding are extracts from advertise- | dreds of similar ones published during the same ments published in southern papers, mostly in the period, with which, as the preceding are quite year 1838. They are the mere samples of hun-sufficient to show the commonness of inhuman floggings in the slave states, we need not burden | the following testimony of Mr. Wm. Armstrong, the reader. of that place, a captain and supercargo of boats descending the Mississippi river :— The foregoing testimony is, as the reader perceives, that of the slaveholders themselves, volun- "At Bayou Sarah, I saw a slave staked out, tarily certifying to the outrages which their own with his face to the ground, and whipped with a hands have committed upon defenceless and in-large whip, which laid open the flesh for about two and a half inches every stroke. I stayed about five minutes, but could stand it no longer, and left them whipping." nocent men and women, over whom they have assumed authority. We have given to their testimony precedence over that of all other witnesses, Mr. STEPHEN E. MALTBY, inspector of provisions, for the reason that when men testify against Skeneatcles, New York, who has resided in Ala. themselves they are under no temptation to ex-bama, speaking of the condition of the slaves, aggerate. We we will now present the testimony of a large number of individuals, with their names and residences, of persons who witnessed the inflictions to which they testify. Many of them have been slaveholders, and all residents for longer or shorter periods in slave states. Rev. JOHN H. CURTISS, a native of Keep Creek, Norfolk county, Virginia, now a local preacher of the Methodist Episcopal Church in Portage co., Ohio, testifies as follows: In 1829 or 30, one of my father's slaves was accused of taking the key to the office and stealing four or five dollars: he denied it. A consta. ble by the name of Hull was called; he took the negro, very deliberately tied his hands, and whipped him till the blood ran freely down his legs. By this time Hull appeared tired, and stopped; he then took a rope, put a slip noose around his neck, and told the negro he was going to kill him, at the same time drew the rope and began whipping: the negro fell; his cheeks looked as though they would burst with strangulation. Hull whipped and kicked him, till I really thought he was go. ing to kill him; when he ceased, the negro was in a complete gore of blood from head to foot." Mr. DAVID HANLEY, a class-leader in the Me. thodist Church, at St. Alban's, Licking county, Ohio, who moved from Kentucky to Ohio in 1831, testifies as follows: "In the year 1821 or 2, I saw a slave hung for killing his master. The master had whipped the slave's mother to DEATH, and, locking him in a room, threatened him with the same fate; and, cowhide in hand, had begun the work, when the slave joined battle and slew the master." SAMUEL ELLISON, a member of the Society of Friends, formerly of Southampton county, Virginia, now of Marlborough, Stark county, Ohio, gives the following testimony : "While a resident of Southampton county, Vir. ginia, I knew two men, after having been severely treated, endeavor to make their escape. In this they failed-were taken, tied to trees, and whipped to death by their overseer. I lived a mile from the negro quarters, and, at that distance, could frequently hear the screams of the poor creatures when beaten, and could also hear the blows given by the overseer with some heavy in. says: "I have seen them cruelly whipped. I will relate one instance. One Sabbath morning, be fore I got out of my bed, I heard an outcry, and got up and went to the window, when I saw some six or eight boys, from eight to twelve years of age, near a rack (made for tying horses) on the off his horse, took a cord from his pocket, tied one public square. A man on horseback rode up, got of the boys by the thumbs to the rack, and with his horsewhip lashed him most severely. He then untied him and rode off without saying a word. Huntsville, Alabama, to have a patrol every night; "It was a general practice, while I was at and, to my knowledge, this patrol was in the habit of traversing the streets with cow-skins, and, if they found any slaves out after eight o'clock without a pass, to whip them until they were out of reach, or to confine them until morning." Mr. J. G. BALDWIN, of Middletown, Connecticut, a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, gives the following testimony: "I traveled at the south in 1827: when near Charlotte, N. C. a free colored man fell into the road just ahead of me, and went on peaceably.— When passing a public-house, the landlord ran out with a large cudgel, and applied it to the head and shoulders of the man with such force as to duct was asked, he replied, that he owned slaves, shatter it in pieces. When the reason of his conand he would not permit free blacks to come into his neighborhood. "Not long after, I stopped at a public-house near Halifax, N. C., between nine and ten o'clock P. M., to stay over night. A slave sat upon a bench in the bar-room asleep. The master came in, seized a large horsewhip, and, without any warning or apparent provocation, laid it over the face and eyes of the slave. The master cursed, swore, and swung his lash-the slave cowered and trembled, but said not a word. Upon inquiry the next morning, I ascertained that the only offence was falling asleep, and this too in consequence of having been up nearly all the previous night, in attendance upon company." Rev. JOSEPH M. SADD, of Castile, N. Y., who has lately left Missouri, where he was pastor of a church for some years, says : "In one case, near where we lived, a runaway slave, when brought back, was most cruelly beaten-bathed in the usual liquid-laid in the sun, and a physician employed to heal his wounds: Major HORACE NYE, of Putnam, Ohio, gives then the same process of punishment and healing strument." was repeated, and repeated again, and then the poor creature was sold for the New Orleans mar. ket. This account we had from the physician himself." Mr. ABRAHAM BELL, of Poughkeepsie, New York, a member of the Scotch Presbyterian Church, was employed, in 1837 and 38, in levelling and grading for a rail-road in the state of Georgia: he had under his direction, during the whole time, thirty slaves. Mr. B. gives the following testimony :— "All the slaves had their backs scarred, from the oft-repeated whippings they had received." Mr. ALONZO BARNARD, of Farmington, Ohio, who was in Mississippi in 1837 and 8, says : "The slaves were often severely whipped. I saw one woman very severely whipped for acci dentally cutting up a stalk of cotton.* When they were whipped they were commonly held down by four men: if these could not confine them, they were fastened by stakes driven firmly into the ground, and then lashed often so as to draw blood at each blow. I saw one woman who had lately been delivered of a child in consequence of cruel treatment." Rev. H. LYMAN, late pastor of the Free Presbyterian Church at Buffalo, N. Y. says: “There was a steam cotton press, in the vicinity of my boarding-house at New Orleans, which was driven night and day, without intermission. My curiosity led me to look at the interior of the establishment. There I saw several slaves engaged in rolling cotton bags, fastening ropes, lading carts, &c. "The presiding genius of the place was a driver, who held a rope four feet long in his hand, which he wielded with cruel dexterity. He used it in single blows, just as the men were lifting to tighten the bale cords. It seemed to me that he was desirous to edify me with a specimen of his authority; at any rate the cruelty was horrible." Mr. JOHN VANCE, a member of the Baptist Church, in St. Albans, Licking county, Ohio, who moved from Culpepper county, Va., his native state, in 1914, testifies as follows: 66 "In 1826, I saw a woman by the name of Mallix, flog her female slave with a horse-whip so horribly that she was washed in salt and water several days, to keep her bruises from mortifying. In 1811, I was returning from mill, in Shenandoah county, when I heard the cry of murder, in the field of a man named Painter. I rode to the place to see what was going on. Two men, by the names of John Morgan and Michael Sig. lar, had heard the cry and came running to the place. I saw Painter beating a negro with a tremendous club, or small handspike, swearing he would kill him; but he was rescued by Morgan and Siglar. I learned that Painter had commenced flogging the slave for not getting to work *Mr. Cornelius Johnson, of Farmington, Ohio, was also a witness to this inhuman outrage upon an unprotected woman, for the unintentional destruction of a stalk of cotton! In his testimony he is more particular, and says, that the number of lashes inflicted upon her by the overseer was "ONE HUNDRED AND FIFTY!" up soon enough. He had escaped, and taken refuge EXTRACT FROM THE PUBLISHED JOURNAL OF THE LATE WM. SAVERY, of Philadelphia, an eminent minister of the religious Society of Friends : "6th mo. 22d, 1791. We passed on to Augusta, Georgia. They can scarcely tolerate us, on account of our abhorrence of slavery. On the 28th we got to Savannah, and lodged at one lads, aged about fourteen, was ordered to go and Blount's, a hard-hearted slaveholder. One of his milk the cows: and falling asleep, through wea flogging. I asked him what he meant by a flogriness, the master called out and ordered him a ging. He replied, the way we serve them here is, we cut their backs until they are raw all over, roused; I told him that was too bad, and queried and then sait them. Upon this my feelings were if it were possible; he replied it was, with many curses upon the blacks. At supper this unfeeling wretch craved a blessing! Next morning I heard some one begging for ing whence the sound mercy, and also the lash as of a whip. Not know. found the poor boy tied up to a post, his toes came, I rose, and presently scarcely touching the ground, and a negro whipmanner, and the blood ran to his heels. I stepper. He had already cut him in an unmerciful ped in between them, and ordered him untied imtonishment, was done. Returning to the house I mediately, which, with some reluctance and assaw the landlord, who then showed himself in his true colors, the most abominably wicked man I threatenings upon all northern people; but I did ever met with, full of horrid execrations and not spare him; which occasioned a bystander to say, with an oath, that I should be "popped over." We left them, and were in full expecta tion of their way-laying or coming after us, but stopped at we found the same wicked spirit." the Lord restrained them. The next house we Col. ELIJAH ELLSWORTH, of Richfield, Ohio, gives the following testimony: ty, in the state of Georgia, at a Mr. Slaughter's, "Eight or ten years ago I was in Putnam counthe father of my brother's wife. A negro, that belonged to Mr. Walker, (I believe,) was accused of stealing a pedlar's trunk. The negro denied, but, without ceremony, was lashed to a tree-the whipping commenced-six or eight men took turns-the poor fellow begged for mercy, but without effect, until he was literally cut to pieces, from his shoulders to his hips, and covered with a gore of blood. When he said the trunk was in a stack of fodder, he was unlashed. They proceeded to the stack, but found no trunk. They asked the poor fellow, what he lied about it for; he said, "Lord, Massa, to keep from being whipped to death; I know nothing about the trunk." They commenced the whipping with redoubled vigor, until I really supposed he would be whipped to death on the spot; and such shrieks and crying for mercy!Again he acknowledged, and again they were defeated in finding, and the same reason given as before. Some were for whipping again, others thought he would not survive another, and they ceased. About two months after, the trunk was found, and it was then ascertained who the thief was: and the poor fellow, after being nearly beat to death, and twice made to lie about it, was as innocent as I was." The following statements are furnished by Major HORACE NYE, of Putnam, Muskingum county, Ohio. so soon as an opportunity offered, ran away again. next day he was found DEAD! 44 The sum total of it is this: He was taken before Well, what did they do with the master? a magistrate and gave bonds, for his appearance at the next court. Well, to be sure he had plen ty of cash, so he paid up his bonds and moved away, and there the matter ended. "If the above fact will be of any service to you in exhibiting to the world the condition c the unfortunate negroes, you are at liberty to make use of it in any way you think best. Yours, fraternally, In the summer of 1837, Mr. JoHN H. MOOREHEAD, a partner of mine, descended the Mississippi with several boat loads of flour. He told me that floating in a place in the Mississippi, where he could see for miles a head, he perceived a concourse of people on the bank, that for at least a mile and a half above he saw them, and heard the screams of some person, and for a great distance, the crack of a whip, he run near the shore, and saw them whipping a black man, who was on the ground, and at that time nearly unable to scream, but the whip continued to be plied without intermission, as long as he was in sight, say from one mile and a half, to two miles betist Church in Skeneateles, N. Y. and the as low-he probably saw and heard them for one hour in all. He expressed the opinion that the man could not survive. M. DUSTIN. Mr. ALFRED WILKINSON, a member of the Bap sessor of that town, has furnished the following: "I went down the Mississippi in December, ed, on one plantation, by stretching them on a 1808, and saw twelve or fourteen negroes punish Ladder and tying them to it; then stripping off the clothes, and whipping them on the naked fles with a heavy whip, the lash seven or eight feet long: most of the strokes cut the skin. I under stood they were whipped for not doing the tasks allotted to them." FROM THE PHILANTHROPIST, Cincinnati, Ohio, Feb. 26, 1839. "About four weeks since I had a conversation with Mr. Porter, a respectable citizen of Morgan county, of this state, of about fifty years of age. He told me that he formerly traveled about five years in the southern states, and that on one occasion he stopped at a private house, to stay all night; (I think it was in Virginia,) while he was conversing with the man, his wife came in, and complained that the wench had broken some ar. ticle in the kitchen, and that she must be whipped. He took the woman into the door yard, stripped her clothes down to her hips-tied her ly respectable preacher of the gospel, of the Pres "A very inteligent lady, the widow of a highhands together, and drawing them up to a limb, byterian Church, formerly a resident of a free so that she could just touch the ground, took a state, and a colonizationist, and a strong antivery large cowskin whip, and commenced flog- abolitionist, who, although an enemy to slavery, ging; he said that every stroke at first raised the was opposed to abolirion on the ground that skin, and immediately the blood came through; was for carrying things too rapidly, and witho this he continued, until the blood stood in a pud-regard to circumstances, and especially who be dle at her feet. He then turned to my informant and said, "Well, Yankee, what do you think of that?" EXTRACT OF A letter from MR. W. DUSTIN, a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and, when the letter was written, 1835, a student of Marietta College, Ohio. "I find by looking over my journal that the murdering, which I spoke of yesterday, took place about the first of June, 1834. "Without commenting upon this act of cruelty, or giving vent to my own feelings, I will sim. ply give you a statement of the fact, as known from personal observation. "Dr. K. a man of wealth, and a practising physician in the county of Yazoo, state of Mississippi, personally known to me, having lived in the same neighborhood more than twelve months, after having scourged one of his negroes for running away, declared with an oath, that if he lieved that abolitionists exaggerated with regard to the evils of slavery, and used to say that such men ought to go to slave states and see for themselves, to be convinced that they did the slaveholders injustice, has gone and seen for herself. Hear her testimony. Kentucky, Dec. 25, 1835. "Dear Mrs. W.-I am still in the land of op pression and cruelty, but hope soon to breathe the air of a free state. My soul is sick of slavery, and I rejoice that my time is nearly expired; but the scenes that I have witnessed have made an impression that never can be effaced, and have inspired me with the determination to unite my feeble efforts with those who are laboring to suppress this horrid system. I am now an abolitionist. You will cease to be surprised at this, when I inform you, that I have just seen a poor slave who was beaten by his inhuman master until he could neither walk nor stand. I saw him from iny window carried from the barn where he had 66 been whipped) to the cabin, by two negro men; | face to him, he would hit her across the face either and he now lies there, and if he recovers, will be with the butt end or small end of the whip to a sufferer for months, and probably for life. You make her turn her back round square to the lash, will doubtless suppose that he committed some that he might get a fair blow at her. great crime; but it was not so. He was called "Mr. Say had noticed several wounds on her upon by a young man (the son of his master,) to person, chiefly bruises. do something, and not moving as quickly as his young master wished him to do, he drove him to the barn, knocked him down, and jumped upon him, stamped, and then cowhided him until he was almost dead. This is not the first act of cruelty that I have seen, though it is the worst; and I am convinced that those who have des. cribed the cruelties of slaveholders, have not exaggerated." Captain Porter, keeper of the work-house, into which Milly had been received, thought the inju. ries on her person very bad-some of them appeared to be burns-some bruises or stripes, as of a cow-hide." LETTER OF REV. JOHN RANKIN, of Ripley, Ohio, to the Editor of the Philanthropist. EXTRACT OF A LETTER FROM GERRIT SMITH, rian Church of Ebenezer, Brown county, Ohio, Esq., of Peterboro', N. Y. PETERBORO', December 1, 1838. RIPLEY, Feb. 20, 1839. "Some time since, a member of the Presbytelanded his boat at a point on the Mississippi. He saw some disturbance among the colored people To the Editor of the Union Herald: on the bank. He stepped up, to see what was "My dear Sir:-You will be happy to hear, that the matter. A black man was stretched naked the two fugitive slaves, to whom in the brotherly on the ground; his hands were tied to a stake, love of your heart, you gave the use of your and one held each foot. He was doomed to rehorse, are still making undisturbed progress to-ceive fifty lashes; but by the time the overseer wards the monarchical land whither republican slaves escape for the enjoyment of liberty. They had eaten their breakfast, and were seated in my wagon, before day-dawn, this morning. Fugitive slaves have before taken iny house in their way, but never any, whose lips and persons made so forcible an appeal to my sensibilities, and kindled in me so much abhorrence of the hellconcocted system of American slavery. "The fugitives exhibited their bare backs to my. self and a number of my neighbors. Williams' back is comparatively scarred. But, I speak with. in bounds, when I say, that one-third to one-half of the whole surface of the back and shoulders of poor Scott, consists of scars and wales resulting from innumerable gashes. His natural complexion being yellow and the callous places being nearly black, his back and shoulders remind you of a spotted animal." The LOUISVILLE REEPORTR (Kentucky,) Jan. 15, 1839, contains the report of a trial for inhuman treatment of a female slave. The following is some of the testimony given in court. “Dr. CONSTANT testified that he saw Mrs. Max. well at the kitchen door, whipping the negro severely, without being particular whether she struck her in the face or not. The negro was lacerated by the whip, and the blood flowing. Soon after, on going down the steps, he saw quantities of blood on them, and on returning, saw them again. She had been thinly clad-barefooted in very cold weather. Sometimes she had shoes sometimes not. In the beginning of the winter she had linsey dresses, since then, calico ones. During the last four months, had noticed many scars on her person. At one time had one of her eyes tied up for a week. During the last three months seemed declining, and had become stupified. Mr. Winters was passing along the street, heard cries, looked up through the window that was hoisted, saw the boy whipping her, as much as forty or fifty licks, while he staid. The girl was stripped down to the hips. The whip seemed to be a cow-hide. Whenever she turned her had given him twenty-five with his great whip, the blood was standing round the wretched victim in little puddles. It appeared just as if it had rained blood.-Another observer stepped up, and advised to defer the other twenty-five to another time, lest the slave might die; and he was releas ed, to receive the balance when he should have so recruited as to be able to bear it and live. The offence was, coming one hour too late to work." Mr. RANKIN, who is a native of Tennessee, in his letters on slavery, published fifteen years since, says: "A respectable gentleman, who is now a citi. zen of Flemingsburg, Fleming county, Kentucky, when in the state of South Carolina, was invited by a slaveholder, to walk with him and take a view of his farm. He complied with the invita tion thus given, and in their walk they came to found the overseer whipping one of them very the place where the slaves were at work, and severely for not keeping pace with his fellowsin vain the poor fellow alleged that he was sick, and could not work. The master seemed to think all was well enough, hence he and the gentleman passed on. In the space of an hour they returned by the same way, and found that the poor slave, who had been whipped as they first passed by the field of labor, was actually dead! This I have from unquestionable authority." Extract of a letter from a MEMBER OF CONGRESS, to the Editor of the New York American, dated Washington, Feb. 18, 1839. The name of the writer is with the Executive Committee of the American Anti-Slavery Society. "Three days ago, the inhabitants in the vicinity of the new Patent Building were alarmed by an outcry in the street, which proved to be that of a slave who had just been knocked down with a brick-bat by his pursuing master. Prostrate on the ground, with a large gash in his head, the poor slave was receiving the blows of his master on one side, and the kicks of his master's son on the other. His cries brought a few individuals to |