Busing of Schoolchildren: Hearings, Ninety-third Congress, Second Session ... February 19, 20, and 21, 1974U.S. Government Printing Office, 1974 - 384 páginas |
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Página 3
... be transported to or from school on the basis of their 10 race , color , religion , or national origin . 11 ( b ) No department , agency , officer , or employee of the II 2 1 United States , empowered to extend Federal financial 3.
... be transported to or from school on the basis of their 10 race , color , religion , or national origin . 11 ( b ) No department , agency , officer , or employee of the II 2 1 United States , empowered to extend Federal financial 3.
Página 4
... origin . ( c ) Notwithstanding any other law or provision of law , 10 in the case of any order on the part of any United States dis- 11 trict court the effect of which is or would be to require that 12 pupils be transported to or from ...
... origin . ( c ) Notwithstanding any other law or provision of law , 10 in the case of any order on the part of any United States dis- 11 trict court the effect of which is or would be to require that 12 pupils be transported to or from ...
Página 12
... origin , or socio- economic classes of students among its schools ; ( 10 ) it is contrary to the public interest to require an educational agency to make year - by - year school as- signments to adjust the racial composition of student ...
... origin , or socio- economic classes of students among its schools ; ( 10 ) it is contrary to the public interest to require an educational agency to make year - by - year school as- signments to adjust the racial composition of student ...
Página 13
... origin . 10 11 12 BALANCE NOT REQUIRED SEC . 102. The failure of an educational agency to attain a balance , on the basis of race , color , sex , national origin , or 13 socioeconomic status of students among its schools shall not 14 ...
... origin . 10 11 12 BALANCE NOT REQUIRED SEC . 102. The failure of an educational agency to attain a balance , on the basis of race , color , sex , national origin , or 13 socioeconomic status of students among its schools shall not 14 ...
Página 14
... origin to a school in which a minority of the students are of their race , color , or national origin ; ( d ) the creation or revision of attendance zones or grade structures without requiring transportation beyond that described in ...
... origin to a school in which a minority of the students are of their race , color , or national origin ; ( d ) the creation or revision of attendance zones or grade structures without requiring transportation beyond that described in ...
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Términos y frases comunes
14th amendment action amicus curiae areas assignment attend bill black children black students Board of Education Brown Chairman Charlotte Charlotte-Mecklenburg Charlotte-Mecklenburg School Civil Rights Act color committee CONGRESS THE LIBRARY constitutional rights court order cross-busing decision denied desegregation plan discrimination District Court dual school systems educational agency effect elementary enforce equal protection clause fact Federal courts forced busing Fourteenth Amendment freedom of choice hear high school implementation integration issue JESSE HELMS judicial Judiciary Justice legislation LIBRARY OF CONGRESS ment Negro neighborhood schools North Carolina parents percent Prince Georges County problems proposed Public School Jurisdiction pupils quality education question racial imbalance racial segregation remedy result school authorities school board school children school desegregation school district School Jurisdiction Act segregation Senator ERVIN subcommittee Swann teachers tion Title transportation U.S. Senate U.S. Supreme Court unconstitutional unitary school system United violation zones
Pasajes populares
Página 331 - Under that doctrine, equality of treatment is accorded when the races are provided substantially equal facilities, even though these facilities be separate. In the Delaware case, the Supreme Court of Delaware adhered to that doctrine, but ordered that the plaintiffs be admitted to the white schools because of their superiority to the Negro schools. The plaintiffs contend that segregated public schools are not "equal" and cannot be made "equal," and that, hence, they are deprived of the equal protection...
Página 283 - We doubt very much whether any action of a State not directed, by way of discrimination, against the negroes as a class, or on account of their race, will ever be held to come within the purview of this provision.
Página 178 - It is a proposition too plain to be contested that the Constitution controls any legislative act repugnant to it, or that the legislature may alter the Constitution by an ordinary act.
Página 317 - To that end, the courts may consider problems related to administration, arising from the physical condition of the school plant, the school transportation system, personnel, revision of school districts and attendance areas into compact units to achieve a system of determining admission to the public schools on a nonracial basis, and revision of local laws and regulations which may be necessary in solving the foregoing problems.
Página 207 - General to institute federal suits, contains the following proviso: "nothing herein shall empower any official or court of the United States to issue any order seeking to achieve a racial balance in any school by requiring the transportation of pupils or students from one school to another or one school district to another in order to achieve such racial balance, or otherwise enlarge the existing power of the court to insure compliance with constitutional standards.
Página 332 - Painter, there are findings below that the Negro and white schools involved have been equalized, or are being equalized with respect to buildings, curricula, qualifications and salaries of teachers, and other "tangible
Página 358 - In fashioning and effectuating the decrees, the courts will be guided by equitable principles. Traditionally, equity has been characterized by a practical flexibility in shaping its remedies and by a facility for adjusting and reconciling public and private needs.
Página 148 - Desegregation" means the assignment of students to public schools and within such schools without regard to their race, color, religion, or national origin, but "desegregation" shall not mean the assignment of students to public schools in order to overcome racial imbalance.
Página 183 - ... restraining order or temporary or permanent injunction in any case involving or growing out of any labor dispute...
Página 358 - Full implementation of these constitutional principles may require solution of varied local school problems. School authorities have the primary responsibility for elucidating, assessing, and solving these problems; courts will have to consider whether the action of school authorities constitutes good faith implementation of the governing constitutional principles.