EXAMPLES.

Mary'! Mary'! do not do so'.

My mother'! when I learned that thou wast dead',
Say, wast thou conscious' of the tears' I shed'?
Hovered thy spirit o'er thy sorrowing son',

Wretch even then', life's journey just begun'?

X. Expressions of strong emotion, such as the language of exclamation (not designed as a question), authority, surprise, distress, denunciation, lamentation, earnest entreaty, command, reproach, terror, anger, hatred, envy, revenge, etc., and strong affirmation, require the falling inflection.

EXAMPLES.

What a piece of work is man! How noble in reason! how infinite in faculties! in action', how like an angel`! in apprehension', how like a god!

My lords, I am amazed`; yes, my lords, I am amazed at his Grace's speech.

Woe unto you, Pharisees`!

Woe unto you, Scribes!

I dare accusation. I defy the honorable gentleman.

I'd rather be a dog`, and bay the moon, than such a Roman.

NOTE.- When exclamatory sentences become questions, they require the rising inflection.

Examples.-What are you saying'! -Where are you going'!- They planted by your care'! No! your oppressions planted them in America`!

THE CIRCUMFLEX.

XI. Hypothetical expressions, sarcasm, and irony, and sentences implying a comparison or contrast that is not fully expressed, often require a union of the two inflections on the same syllable.

EXAMPLES.

If the righteous scarcely be saved, where shall the ungodly and the sînner appear?

I grant you I was down and out of breath; and so was hê.

They boast they come but to improve our state, enlarge our thoughts, and free us from the yoke of êrror! Yês, they will give enlightened frêedom to our minds, who are themselves the slaves of passion, avarice, and pride! They offer us protêction! yês, sûch protection as vûltures give to lambs-covering and devouring them! Tell your invaders we seek no and least of all sûch change as they would bring us!

change

LESSON V.

VOICE.

Voice is produced by the action of the breath on the vocal cords.

FORM OF VOICE.

Form of voice refers to the manner in which the sound is emitted from the organs of speech.

There are three forms of voice: the effusive, expulsive, and explosive.

The effusive form has a gentle beginning, gentle continuation, and a gentle ending, and is represented thus: O

Give a, e, i, o, u, effusively.

EXAMPLES.

1. Methinks I love all common things

The common air, the common flower;
The dear, kind, common thought, that springs
From hearts that have no other dower,
No other wealth, no other power,
Save love: and will not that repay
For all else fortune tears away?

2. Oh, show me where is He,

The high and holy One,

To whom thou bend'st the knee,

And pray'st, "Thy will be done!"

The expulsive form of voice has an abrupt beginning but a gentle ending, and is represented thus: O

Give a, e, i, o, u, expulsively.

It is used in language of firmness, determination, argument, and in common conversation.

EXAMPLES.

Firmness.

Sink or swim, live or die, survive or perish, I give my hand and my heart to this vote!

Sir, before God, I believe the hour is come. My judgment approves this measure, and my whole heart is in it. All that I have, and all that I am, and all that I hope, in this life, I am now ready here to stake upon it; and to leave off, as I began, that, live or die, survive or perish, I am for the Declaration. It is my living sentiment; and, by the blessing of God, it shall be my dying sentiment: independence now, and INDEPENDENCE FOREVER!

Determination.

1. Sir, we are not weak, if we make a proper use of those means which the God of nature hath placed in our power. Three millions of people armed in the holy cause of liberty, and in such a country as that which we possess, are invincible by any force which our enemy can send against us.

Argument.

2. I come not here to talk. You know too well
The story of our thralldom. We are slaves!
The bright sun rises to his course, and lights

A race of slaves! He sets, and his last beams
Fall on a slave!

The explosive form of voice has an abrupt beginning and an abrupt ending.

It is used in language of rage, scorn, joy, or terror.
Give a, e, i, o, u, explosively.

EXAMPLES.

Rage.

1. Thou den of drunkards with the blood of princes!

Gehenna of the waters! thou sea of Sodom!

Thus I devote thee to the infernal gods!

Thee and thy serpent seed!

Strike as I would

(To the executioner:) Slave, do thine office!
Strike as I struck the foe!
Have struck those tyrants!
Strike and but once!

Strike deep as my curse!

2. Strike- till the last armed foe expires;
STRIKE for your altars and your fires;
STRIKE for the green graves of your sires,
GOD- and your native land!

Scorn.

1. Burned Marmion's swarthy cheek like fire,
And shook his very frame for ire;

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And-"This to me!" he said

"An 't were not for thy hoary beard,
Such hand as Marmion's had not spared
To cleave the Douglas' head!

And, first, I tell thee, haughty peer,
He who does England's message here,
Although the meanest in her state,
May well, proud Angus, be thy mate:
And, Douglas, more, I tell thee here,
Even in thy pitch of pride,

Here, in thy hold, thy vassals near
I tell thee, thou 'rt defied!
And if thou said'st I am not peer
To any lord in Scotland here,
Lowland or Highland, far or near,

Lord Angus, thou hast lied!"

2. No! Thus I rend the tyrant's chain,
And fling him back a boy's disdain!

Joy.

Joyous ideas should have fast time, loud force, lively, smooth stress, pure quality, long slides, higher pitch, and wide range of melody.

1. You must wake and call me early, call me early, mother dear;
To-morrow 'll be the happiest time of all the glad New Year ·
Of all the glad New Year, mother, the maddest, merriest day;
For I'm to be Queen o' the May, mother, I'm to be Queen o' the May.
2. Hushed the people's swelling murmur,

List the boy's exultant cry!

"RING!" he shouts aloud; "RING, Grandpa !

RING! OH, RING FOR LIBERTY!"

3. SHOUT! SHOUT! my warrior boy,

And wave your cap, and clap your hands for joy.
Cheer answer cheer, and bear the cheer about!

HURRAH! HURRAH! for the fiery fort is ours.
"VICTORY!
VICTORY! is the shout.

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VICTORY!

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Terror.

Up with your ladders! Quick! 't is but a chance! Behold, how fast the roaring flames advance! Quick! quick! brave spirits, to his rescue fly! Up! up! men! all! this hero must not die!

LESSON VI.

QUALITY.

Quality is the kind of tone, and is divided into pure and impure. The pure is subdivided into simple pure and orotund; the impure is subdivided into pectoral, guttural, tremulous, aspirate, and falsetto.

PURE TONE.

Pure tone is formed with the vocal organs in their natural position, and is used in common conversation and simple narration.

EXAMPLES.

1. Over the river they beckon to me;

Loved ones who have passed to the further side.

The gleam of their snowy robes I see,

But their voices are lost in the dashing tide.

L