night. Examine the linden leaf, or in fact, any leaf will do,— the truth applies to all,— and notice how its surface is spread to catch the sunshine. The under side of the leaf has a different appearance. The tissue is tenderer and a network of breathing pores. A section placed under the objective of the microscope reveals tiny cells filled with a greenish liquid called chlorophyl, which plays an important part in the domestic economy of the tree. When undigested food from the ground has been carried to the leaves, the chlorophyl seizes it, and under the influence of sunlight changes it to nourishment. The chlorophyl also breaks up the carbon dioxide with which it comes into contact, and liberating the oxygen, sends it out into the atmosphere.

3. Digested food materials are carried from the leaves to all parts of the tree, and aid in its growth. Leaves, as the lungs, are necessary in the process of breathing. Like animals, the tree needs oxygen, and breathes much after the fashion of a human being. Not only is the life-giving air taken into the lungs, or leaves, but it is inhaled through tiny openings in the bark, just as men and animals transpire through the skin. These tiny breathing-holes are called lenticels, and may be seen plainly on the bark of cherry and many other kinds of trees. As the tree drinks water, it sweats and exhales water-vapor along with the oxygen cast off from the carbon dioxide.

areas.

4. Tons and tons of moisture are evaporated from wooded This is another beneficial fact. Water-vapor in the atmosphere is essential to agriculture. Trees transpire through cracks and fissures in the bark, where the lenticels are hidden. from sight. This is especially true in old trees. From time to time scientists have computed the leaf areas of trees, and the results have been astonishing. An ordinary linden leaf has a

surface of ten square inches. Multiply this by the number of leaves on a branch and calculate the leafage area of the tree. This entire surface is liberating oxygen and water- por day and night.

5. In the arid sections of the West the people are beginning to see that forestry and irrigation are the factors which will count for their property. About one million square miles, or more than one-third of the United States, is forest land. The destruction of forests has been so extravagant that the Government has taken the matter in hand, and decided on thirty-eight reservations where the forests will be under intelligent supervision. There has been some misunderstanding in regard to these reserves, although the intention is to preserve the forest and encourage the growth of young trees while at the same time the land available for settlement will be increased. As forests conserve the rainfall and influence the humidity of the atmosphere, newly planted forests will wedge in between farms on the reservations and farms penetrate the clearings in old forests. Sheep-herders and settlers must be taught intelligent forestry and tree wisdom must be spread broadcast over the land before the tree receives the reverential respect due to it.

Anonymous.

Sure thou did'st flourish once! and many springs,
Many bright mornings, much dew, many showers,
Passed o'er thy head; many light hearts and wings,
Which now are dead, lodg'd in thy living bowers.
And still a new succession sings and flies;

Fresh groves grow up, and their green branches shoot
Towards the old and still-enduring skies;

While the low violet thrives at their root.

-Henry Vaughan.

LX. THE FOOT-PATH TO PEACE.

An

HENRY JACKSON VAN DYKE (1852). American poet of the latter half of the nineteenth century is Henry J. Van Dyke. He is at the same time a charming fiction-writer, and descriptive essayist. His birthplace was Germantown, Pennsylvania. He was educated at the Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute and Princeton College. He perfected his education in a German university. His calling is that of the ministry, but his success in literature divides honors with his fame as a preacher. His style of writing is charmingly simple. He has rare poetic imagination and expression. His well-known works are: The Story of the Other Wise Man, The Builders, and Other Poems, and The Toiling of Felix. A later work is called The Ruling Passion.

TO BE glad of life because it gives you the chance to love and to work and to play and to look up at the stars; to be contented with your possessions, but not satisfied with yourself until you have made the best of them; to despise nothing in the world except falsehood and meanness, and to fear nothing except cowardice; to be governed by your admirations rather than by your disgusts; to covet nothing that is your neighbor's except his kindness of heart and gentleness of manners; to think seldom of your enemies, often of your friends, and every day of Christ; and to spend as much time as you can, with body and with spirit, in God's out-of-doors; - these are little guideposts on the foot-path to peace.

HENRY J. VAN DYKE.

LXI. A TRIP ACROSS THE CONTINENT.

NOTE.- Mrs. Cheyne, the wife of a California railroad magnate, was on the way to Europe with her only son, Harvey, when he fell overboard from an Atlantic liner and was lost. Father and mother mourned him as dead, but the boy was rescued by a sailor from a New England fishing schooner. His story of being the son of a millionaire was discredited, and he served, during a long voyage, as roustabout on the schooner. Arriving in Gloucester when the cargo was complete, he telegraphed to his father. The following extracts from Captains Courageous" tell the story of Mr. and Mrs. Cheyne's journey across the continent in a private car to meet their son.

1. "SEND 'Constance,' private car, here, and arrange for special to leave here Sunday in time to connect with New York Limited at Sixteenth Street, Chicago, Tuesday next."

"Also arrange with Lake Shore & Michigan Southern to take 'Constance' on New York Central & Hudson River Buffalo to Albany, and B. & A. the same Albany to Boston. Indispensable I should reach Boston Wednesday evening. Be sure nothing prevents. Have also wired Canniff, Toucey, and Barnes.— Sign, CHEYNE."

Frantic clicks from Los Angeles ran: "We want to know why — why — why? General uneasiness developed and spreading."

2. Ten minutes later Chicago appealed to Miss Kinzey, in these words: "If crime of century is maturing, please warn friends in time. We are all getting to cover here.”

This was capped by a message from Topeka (and wherein Topeka was concerned even Milson could not guess): "Don't shoot, Colonel. We'll come down."

3. Cheyne smiled grimly at the consternation of his enemies when the telegrams were laid before him. "They think we're on the war-path. Tell 'em we don't feel like fighting just now, Milson. Tell 'em what we're going for. I guess you and Miss Kinzey had better come along, though it isn't likely I shall do any business on the road. Tell 'em the truth-for once."

4. So the truth was told. Miss Kinzey clicked in the sentiment while the secretary added the memorable quotation, "Let us have peace," and in board-rooms two thousand miles away the representatives of sixty-three million dollars' worth of variously manipulated railroad interests breathed more freely. Cheyne was flying to meet the only son, so miraculously restored to him. The bear was seeking his cub, not the bulls. Hard men who had their knives drawn to fight for their financial lives put away their weapons and wished him God-speed, while half a dozen panic-smitten tin-pot roads perked up their heads and spoke of the wonderful things they would have done had not Cheyne buried the hatchet.

5. It was a busy week-end among the wires; for now that their anxiety was removed, men and cities hastened to accommodate. Los Angeles called to San Diego and Barstow that the Southern California engineers might know and be ready in their lonely round-houses; Barstow passed the word to the Atlantic & Pacific; and Albuquerque flung it the whole length of the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe management, even into Chicago.

6. An engine, combination-car with crew, and the great and gilded "Constance" private car were to be expedited over those two thousand three hundred and fifty miles. The train would take precedence of one hundred and seventy-seven others meeting and passing; dispatchers and crews of every one of those said trains must be notified. Sixteen locomotives, sixteen en