taken with no such design, has been an inestimable boon to Sacred Literature. It is, of course, vain to hope for Parliament to sanction a grant from the public funds for any such purpose; but it is not, perhaps, too much to expect that any maturely considered and well-organized plan undertaken by private enterprise would receive all possible countenance and support from the authorities in the Foreign Office. For example, that the Ambassador at the Porte should be directed to apply for a firman, granting special powers to the members of the expedition, with such instructions to the local governors as might be necessary to give them full effect; that the Consuls and other British agents in the country should also be officially charged to forward the ends of the mission: above all, that the officers of the Mediterranean squadron on the coast of Syria, whose time often hangs heavily on their hands, should be encouraged to volunteer on such a service, and permitted to employ the ships' instruments and hands in surveying, or levelling, or excavating, or in any other work that may be requisite for the purposes of the expedition. It is obvious how much real service might be done by lending this semi-official countenance to such undertakings; as has been done on the coast of Africa and elsewhere. Some years since Lieut. Molineux was allowed to undertake a survey of the Jordan and the Dead Sea; and an American expedition under Lieutenant Lynch was fitted out for that express purpose. But these were partial objects: whereas, half-a-dozen English uniforms, whether of red or blue is a matter of comparative indifference, might march through the country unmolested from Dan to Beersheba, from Acre to Gerash, with what engines and instruments they pleased, turning the soil, both in a literal and a classical sense, wherever and as often as they deemed expedient. Since admission to the Mosk at Jerusalem has become as admission to the Mosks at Constantinople has long been-a purchasable privilege at a fixed tariff-one pound sterling a-head we believe to be the sumthere can be no objection on religious or political grounds to any amount of excavation or exploration in any part, even of the Holy City itself, so long as property is not injured without ample compensation. Those fanatical black door-keepers of the Haram esh-Sherif, the terror of all curious travellers, would soon be made to understand that their day is past, and their vocation gone. A Government which owes its very existence to the European powers ought not to be permitted to tyrannize any longer over the meanest subject even of the King of Sardinia.

334

ART. III.-1. Ecclesiæ Anglicance Religio Disciplina Ritusque Sacri. Cosini Episcopi Dunelmensis opusculum. Editio altera. 1857.

2. Doctrine de l'Eglise Anglicane relative aux Sacrements et aux Cérémonies Sacramentales. 1854.

3. L'Eglise Anglicane n'est point Schismatique. 1855.

4. De la Validité des Ordinations de l'Eglise Anglicane. 1856. 5. Rome; son nouveau Dogme et nos Devoirs. 1856.

6. Erreurs Historiques qui existent dans la Communion Romaine à l'égard de l'Eglise Anglicane. 1856.

7. Della Religione, Disciplina, e Riti Sacri della Chiesa Anglicana. 1854.

9. La Supremazia Papale al tribunale dell' Antichitá. 1856. 10. Vita della Beata Vergine Maria. 1857.

11. Religione Disciplina y Sagrados Ritos de la Iglesia de Ingla1856.

terra.

12. La Supremacía Papal examinada por la Antigüedad. 1856. 13. Cosin, Bischof von Durham, über Glauben Zucht und Cultus der Englischen Kirche. 1857.

14. Περὶ δογμάτων διοικήσεως καὶ ἱερουργίων τῆς Ἀγγλικῆς Εκκλησίας· πονημάτιον Κοσίνου ἐπισκόπου Δυνέλμου. 1856.

THE first thing that strikes us with respect to the 'Association for making known upon the Continent the Principles of the 'Anglican Church,' is that it has a very long name. We shall take the liberty of speaking of it under an appellation which we see that its supporters have begun lately to apply to it, the 'Anglo-Continental Association.' It is true that the latter title does not mean much, perhaps without some further interpretation it means nothing, whereas the other name excellently describes the purpose of the society; but Anglo-Continental Association' is short, Association for making known upon the 'Continent the Principles of the Anglican Church' is long, and any Society which is to live and work must have a short name, even though it be a nickname. The Society for the Propaga'tion of the Gospel in Foreign Parts' has become the S.P.G.,' or at the longest the Propagation of the Gospel Society,' and

the Society for the Promotion of Christian Knowledge' has been cut down to S.P.C.K.' The Association for making 'known upon the Continent the Principles of the Anglican Church,' must submit to the same process.

But what is the Society in question, and what has it done? We know that these are early days to make the latter inquiry; for the Society has scarcely been in existence four years, and to be looking for any great fruits and results yet would be premature. Cast thy bread upon the waters, and thou shalt find it after many days,' must be the motto of any man or of any body of men whose purpose it is to have an effect upon the minds even of their fellow-countrymen, much more upon the course of the world's thought; and it would appear that no less than this is the purpose of the Anglo-Continental Association, modestly as it veils it at present under the specific proposal of making known upon the Continent the principles of the Anglican Church. Let those principles bear their fruit, whatever that may be, is the idea which evidently underlies the existence of the Society.

That there is room for such an Association is clear. Indeed, it is astonishing, now that the idea is started, that we should have gone on so many years without it. We have the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel, by means of which we can deal with our colonies and the heathen. We have the Society for the Promotion of Christian Knowledge, the Additional Curates' Society, and others, to battle with home ignorance and depravity; but where is our machinery for affecting the religious mind of the Continent? What agency have we for making ourselves understood whether by Roman Catholics or Protestants in the West, or by the ancient Churches of the East? We have none, none whatever, except the tentative efforts of the AngloContinental Association.

The Society consists of a number of churchmen, clergy and laity, who have voluntarily combined for the purpose signified in the longer title of the Society,-for making known upon the Continent the principles of the Anglican Church. It consists of patrons, a committee, a staff of secretaries and editors, and ordinary members. The patrons are all of them bishops. Four are English, viz. Durham, Exeter, Oxford, Salisbury; four Scottish, Argyll, Glasgow, Moray, S. Andrews; five colonial, Gibraltar, Newfoundland, Fredericton, Capetown, Natal; two American, Maryland and Bishop Southgate. Death has snatched away another American prelate who felt warmly for the Society's welfare, the excellent Bishop Wainwright, and an English prelate who gave it his fullest sanction, the late Bishop of London. The Committee contains a greater number of honoured and trustworthy names than we often see collected together within the compass of a com

mittee. Among the clerical members we may name Archdeacon Churton, Rev. T. Claughton, Rev. E. Hawkins, Rev. J. S. H. Horner, Rev. F. C. Massingberd, Rev. Dr. Moberly, Rev. J. Oldknow, Rev. E. C. Woollcombe, Rev. Dr. Wordsworth. Among the laymen, Lord Robert Cecil, M.P., F. H. Dickinson, Esq., Sir John S. Forbes, Bart., Henry Hoare, Esq., A. J. B. Hope, Esq. M.P., J. G. Hubbard, Esq., J. H. Markland, Esq., J. Watts-Russell, Esq., and last, but far from least, Roundell Palmer, Esq. The secretaries are three,-Rev. F. Meyrick, Rev. F. Godfray, and Rev. A. Cleveland Coxe, the last of whom superintends the operations of the Society in America. The editors are as yet six, but we presume that they are to be increased as the sphere of the Society enlarges. Dr. Camilleri, an Italian by birth, and now pastor of the Anglo-Italian congregation in London, under the licence of the Bishop of the diocese, is answerable for correctness of translation in the Italian publications; Archdeacon Churton undertakes the superintendence of the works published by the Society in Spanish; Mr. Godfray, perhaps the best French scholar in England, is French editor; Mr. Kitchin is German editor; and Dr. Wordsworth is Romaic editor. Mr. Meyrick is described as general editor, which implies that he is answerable for the tone and matter of the whole series. The ordinary members of the Association consist not only of donors and subscribers, as is usual, but also of all those who will undertake to pray daily for the blessing of God upon the Society's operations. In the list of members appear the names of Mr. Gladstone, Sir William Heathcote, Mr. Keble, the Marquis of Lothian, the Bishop of Quebec, and others.

So much for what the Society is. Now, What is it doing? First, perhaps, we should ask, What has it professed to do? It has not been a society which has made much profession, from the beginning. We believe that it first entered life, not with a declaration of what it was going to do, but with the publication of a work of Bishop Cosin; that is, by beginning instead of saying that it was going to begin. Contemporaneously with this publication was issued the following paper:

It has long been desired to make known upon the Continent, with far greater accuracy than at present, the principles of the English Church. There are few who are not aware of the ignorance and misrepresentation at present rife on this subject in every quarter of the world, especially in those parts of it where the Roman Catholic Church has sway. It has, therefore, been determined to publish works illustrative of the doctrines, discipline, and constitution of the Anglican Church, and the character of its Reformation, which may attract the attention and find their way into the hands of natives of foreign countries, and members of other branches of the Church. It is proposed that some of the intended publications should be in the Latin language, some in the different languages spoken

by the several nations of the continent, and that they should be offered for sale at low prices in France, Germany, Switzerland, Spain, Italy, and South America, as well as in the northern and eastern parts of the globe.

The first of the series has been now published, being a short work of Bishop Cosin on the Faith, Discipline, and Rites of the English Church, together with extracts from Bishops Andrewes, Jewell, Bull, Beveridge, and others, as Crakanthorpe and James I., explanatory of the nature of the English Reformation. This will serve as a specimen of the tone which will run through the rest of the series, the whole of which will be edited or written by members of the English, Scottish, or American Churches.'

This was in the year 1853. No further statement of principles has been made since that time, till within the last week or two. The Society seems to have been satisfied with an annual statement of the publications issued by the editors, together with an account of sales, subscriptions, and such like practical matters. There is, however, a letter which may be regarded as embodying the idea of the Association, written also in the year 1853, by the same gentleman who issued the circular which we have given above, to a brother clergyman in the United States, and there published at the time in the 'Church Review: '

'You ask for an account of,-1. The origin of the Association for making known upon the Continent the Principles of the Anglican Church; 2. What the Association has effected; 3. What it proposes further to effect. I will answer these questions separately.

1. You are aware that my countrymen and your countrymen are much given to travelling abroad; and I suppose that every Churchman who has so travelled has been vexed in his soul to find the misconceptions universally entertained in reference to what he holds dearest,-his faith and his Church. In almost every continental country, I suppose, the faith of the Englishman is looked upon as something allied very closely to infidelity. Thus, in Italy I was informed that in England no one was baptized, but that, in place of baptism, a little rose-water was thrown over them. In Greece, I found the English party looked upon as the infidel party, in spite of the good works done by your excellent countryman, Mr. Hill. In Spain, Englishman, Protestant, and non-Romanist, are all identified with non-Christian, and the title Catholic unknown, except as synonymous with Papist. And the Anglican Church fares no better in common estimation. Almost universally, I believe, it is regarded as a sect set up by Henry VIII. in place of the Catholic Church, because the latter would not allow him to put away one wife and take another; and as long as Cobbett is the book to which foreigners have recourse for information on the subject of the Reformation, such an opinion cannot fail of prevailing. Now, there is always something in the human breast which stirs us up to correct what we know to be false, and redress what we know to be wrong; and we are stirred the more deeply when the thing misrepresented and wronged is something very dear to us. Here, then, was one motive for the institution of such an Association.

To this was added a feeling akin to indignation. The existing ignorance with regard to our claims and position, is clearly not in all cases the ignorance of simplicity. On the contrary, it cannot be doubted that the simple ones are industriously taught calumnies about us for controversial purposes. This is not the case where the Greek Church holds sway; but in the countries subject to the Roman supremacy it cannot be doubted.