Gethsemane," "The Sufferings of Jesus," and, "the Death of Jesus." The second part is the History of the Resurrection and of the several manifestations of Jesus after it. The treatment is learned and vigorous, both in suggestion and instruction, and evangelical in doctrine and spirit.

ENDLESS PUNISHMENT.* This is not designed to be an historical study of the modes of presenting and defending the doctrine in different periods. Its design is polemic, and that not in the way of argument against the doctrine, but in the way of throwing opprobrium on it. It is a selection out of the whole range of Christian writings in prose and poetry of the grossest, harshest, and most ill-considered representations of the doctrine. Of the twenty-eight authors cited, President Dwight is the only one who, in the passages quoted, treats the subject with Christian tenderness; and the author makes the impression that these passages from Dr. Dwight are the only ones in which the subject is so treated in all the Christian literature of past generations. From him he quotes the following: "There are, I know, persons who speak concerning it with an air of cool self-complacency, as being in their view easy of investigation and free from embarrassment. I am inclined, perhaps uncharitably, to give them little credit for candor, clearness of intellect, or soundness of character, and greatly doubt whether the doctrine has been investigated by them either to such an extent or with such a spirit as might furnish them with just views of its nature." They discourse of it in the phraseology, the style, and the utterance belonging to vehement eloquence, such as we often find attached to a strain of pow erful invective and vigorous controversy, .. and terminate in awakening mere horror concerning the subject, and mere disgust at the preacher. . Were such preachers to remember that at this very time they may be pronouncing the doom of their own parents, brothers, sisters, wives, children, and even of themselves, I cannot but believe that their modes of address would be essentially changed, and would become deeply humble,

solemn, and affectionate."

66

He also quotes from Dr. Dwight the following: "God may punish sin as long as it exists, and it may exist forever. He who sins through this life, may evidently sin through another such period, and another and another without end. That while we

*Endless punishment in the very words of its Advocates: by THOMAS J. SAWYER S.T.D. Boston. Universalist Publishing House, 1880. pp. iv. and 319.

continue to sin, God may justly punish us, if he can justly punish at all, is equally evident. No reason can be given why sin may may not be punished at any future time with as much justice and propriety as at present. That it may justly be punished at the present time cannot be denied, any more than that it is in fact punished."

In a brief appendix the author recognizes the fact that the gross and harsh passages which he has cited do not represent the modes of thought and expression current at the present day. Argument against a doctrine should be directed against it in the form in which it is now held by its advocates. It is a waste of strength to assault abandoned positions. On the whole, this book seems to subserve no useful purpose that justifies its existence.

MOZLEY'S PAROCHIAL AND OCCASIONAL SERMONS. *- -Some of the discourses in this volume were delivered before Dr. Mozley had a parish, and others were addressed to a village congregation. They are brief, and in plain language. Yet those who are acquainted with his university sermons, and his elaborate treatises in theology, will recognize leading thoughts which these works present in a profounder form of discussion, and with learned illustration. The volume shows how solid instruction, with no tinsel rhetoric, can lucidly, and yet in an animated style, and with brevity, be presented to people of ordinary intelligence. These sermons are at once thoughtful and devout.

HAND-BOOK OF THE LIFE OF CHRIST.-This is one of a series of Hand-books for Bible classes prepared under the supervision of Rev. Marcus Dods, D.D., and Rev. Alexander White, M.A. This volume contains the entire life of Christ in six chapters. An analysis, directing attention to the prominent points, is prefixed to each chapter. At the end are thirteen pages of brief notes for teachers and suggestive questions for scholars. It seems to be well fitted for its purpose.

PRESIDENT MCCOSH'S TREATISE ON THE EMOTIONS is an attempt to supply a want which is generally felt and acknowledged. * Sermons Parochial and Occasional. By J. B. MOZLEY, D.D., late Canon of Christ Church, Regius Professor in the University of Oxford. New York: E. P. Dutton & Co.. 1879. For sale by E. P. Judd, New Haven.

The Life of Christ: by Rev. JAMES STALKER, M.A. Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark. New York: Scribner & Welford. pp. 151. Price 60 cents.

The Emotions. By JAMES McCosн, D.D., LL.D. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. 1880. For sale by E. P. Judd, New Haven.

manner.

Indeed with the exception of Dugald Stewart's well known treatise on the Active and Moral Powers, and Professor Upham's volume on the Sensibilities, our English Philosophical Literature is greatly deficient if it is not positively barren of full and formal treatises upon this most important subject. We regret that Dr. McCosh has been content to write upon a theme so inviting and so little appropriated, in a popular rather than a philosophical Not that he does not give evidence on every page of his abundant reading and his facile and acute discrimination, but he has obviously chosen to treat his theme in a more free and easy style than he has been wont to use in his more elaborate treatises. Many readers will find that this work satisfies their wants, and all will find it instructive and interesting. The recognition of the physiological conditions of all the emotions and of their appropiate bodily manifestations, add greatly to the interest and value of the volume, although the treatment of this now much vexed subject is fitted to raise more questions than it answers.

DR. McCOSH'S WORKS.*-The new issue, in five handsome octavo volumes, of the principal works of our much esteemed fellow countryman, President McCosh, will be welcomed by all his friends as an evidence of his well earned popularity, and of the interest in the discussion of fundamental questions in philosophy which prevails in this country. His history of the Scottish Philosophy is an admirable contribution to what is greatly needed, viz: an extended and minute history of Philosophy among the English-speaking races. We congratulate the author and the publishers on the issue of this handsome series.

*The Method of Divine Government, Physical and Moral. By JAMES MCCOSH, LL.D., President of the College of New Jersey, Princeton. New York: Robert Carter & Brothers. 1880. For sale by E. P. Judd, New Haven.

Typical Forms and Special Ends in Creation. By Rev. JAMES MCCоSH, LL.D., President of the College of New Jersey, Princeton, and GEORGE DICKIE, A.M., M.D., Professor of Natural History in the Queen's University in Ireland, etc., etc. New York: Robert Carter & Brothers. 1880.

The Intuitions of the Mind Inductively Investigated. By Rev. JAMES MCCOSH. LL.D., President, etc., etc. Third Edition. Revised. New York: Robert Carter & Brothers. 1880.

An Examination of Mr. J. S. Mill's Philosophy; Defence of Fundamental Truth. By JAMES MCCOSH, LL.D., President of the College of New Jersey, Princeton. Second Edition with additions. New York: Robert Carter & Brothers. 1880.

The Scottish Philosophy, Biographical, Expository, Critical. From Hutchison to Hamilton. By JAMES MCCоSH, LL.D., DD., President. etc., etc. New York: Robert Carter & Brothers. 1880.

DR. MAUDSLEY'S PATHOLOGY OF THE MIND* is strong in facts and illustrations, drawn from his large experience and abundant reading. His philosophy is either so grossly materialistic or so indefinitely cerebral that we are not disturbed, even though it is offensively obtruded upon our attention. Moreover, it is so dogmatically assumed that it awakens little antagonism of feeling in a reader who is accustomed to the ways of writers of his school. As a repository of a multitude of important facts bearing on the diseased and abnormal condition of man, it cannot be too highly commended.

DR. LAURENS P. HICKOK'S SYSTEM OF MORAL SCIENCE has been too long before the public and too generally used to need to be characterized or commended. It stands prominent among the many manuals which we have, as distinguished by the soundness of its principles, the comprehensiveness and force of its treatment, the clearness of its style and the fervid and earnest eloquence of its spirit.

The revised edition is greatly superior to all preceding editions in its typography, and we have every reason to believe that it has been thoroughly wrought over, and enriched and strengthened by the energetic and fertile mind of President Seelye.

MR. MALCOLM GUTHRIE'S CRITICAL ESSAY UPON MR. Herbert SPENCER'S THEORY OF EVOLUTION, is a singularly unpretending yet thorough examination of the philosophical soundness and logical coherence of the fundamental and distinctive positions of his system. It is cool and dry, candid and convincing. The writer is singularly earnest and yet singularly unimpassioned. Not a movement of feeling seems to animate his intellectual activities, nor a ripple of humor to enliven his diction. No elucidation of a knotty point in law was ever more dry. No argument before a bench of

*The Pathology of Mind. Being the third edition of the second part of "The Physiology and Pathology of Mind," recast, enlarged, and rewritten. By HENRY MAUDSLEY, M.D. New York: D. Appleton & Co. 1880.

A System of Moral Science. By LAURENS P. HICKOK, D.D., LL.D. Revised with the cooperation of JULIUS H. SEELYE, D.D., LL.D., President of Amherst College. Boston: Guin & Heath. 1880. For sale by E. P. Judd, New Haven. Of Mr. Spencer's Formula of Evolution, as an exhaustive statement of the Changes of the Universe. By MALCOLM GUTHRIE. Followed by a resumé of the most important criticisms of Spencer's "First Principles." London: Trübner & Co., Ludgate Hill.

1879.

Judges could possibly be confined more closely to the merits of a case. Personalities there are none. The critic deals with his subject as though it were a manuscript recently unrolled in Herculaneum, or a Papyrus evolved from an Egyptian tomb. Moreover, he does not spread himself over the whole field or rather the wide morass of the Spencerian lucubrations, but wisely confines himself to an analysis and criticism of Spencer's leading positions.

We commend the work to the few earnest and thorough students of Spencer's Metaphysics. Of these there are indeed comparatively few as contrasted with the many who accept their applications to Psychology, Morals, and Politics. But the few who have the courage and perseverance to endeavor to thread the frightful jungle that encircles what purports to be his metaphysical strong hold will find equal delight and profit in following the clues which this critic places in their hands.

The body of the work is divided into six Parts, with an Appendix. Part I. is entitled, The Problem of Philosophy. Part II. An Inquiry as to the Intelligibility and the Sufficiency of Mr. Spencer's Formula. Part III. An Inquiry as to the Intelligibility of Mr. Spencer's Formula, with Inclusion of the term "force." Part IV. An attempt to frame a formula agreeable to Mr. Spencer's Exposition of Evolution, and an inquiry as to its intelligibility as the Formula of Philosophy. Part V. Criticism of the Book on "the Unknowable." Part VI. The foregoing as affected by Mr. Spencer's "Replies to Criticism." The Appendix gives an Account of the Principal Criticisms of Mr. Spencer's Philosophy by Professor Birks, John Fiske, late of Harvard University, Dr. Martineau, Martineau and Tyndall, Professor Tyndall, the late Professor Clifford, Mr. J. F. Moulton in the British Quarterly Review, G. H. Lewes, James Sully in the Encyclopedia Britannica, Professor B. P. Bowne and Professor Green. This Appendix is not the least valuable part of the volume.

THE FAITH OF REASON.*-Rev. John W. Chadwick, in his Faith of Reason, discourses of the following topics: Agnostic Religion, The Nature of Religion, God, Immortality, Prayer, and Morals. In every one of these discourses we have ample indications of an active and overflowing fancy, of wide reading, and * The Faith of Reason: A series of Discourses on the leading topics of Religion. By JOHN W. CHADWICK, author of "The Bible of To-day." Boston: Roberts Brothers. 1879. For sale by E. P. Judd, New Haven.