BY

THE RIGHT HON. LORD AVEBURY, P.C.

Pres. Soc. Ant.; For. Sec. R. A.; F.R.S., D.C.L. (Oxon.), LL.D. (CANTAB. Dubl.
ST. ANDREWS ET EDIN.), M.D. (WÜRZB.), German Ord. Pour le Mérite; Com.
Legion d'Honneur; F.L.S., F.G.S., F.Z.S., F.S.A., F.E.S., Trust. Brit.
Mus.; Pres. Roy. Mic. Soc.; Pres. Roy. Soc.; Assoc. Roy. Acad. des Sci.
Brux.; Hon. Mem. R. Irish Acad., Amer. Ethnol. Soc., Anthrop.
Soc. Wash. (U.S.), Brux. Firenze, Anthrop. Verein Graz, Soc.
Entom. de France, Soc. Géol. de la Suisse, and Soc.
Helvét. des Sci. Nat.; Mem. Amer. Phil. Soc. Philad.,
and Soc. d'Ethn. de Paris; Corresp. Mem.

Soc. des Sci. Nat. de Cherb., Berl. Gesell. für Anthrop.,
Soc. Romana di Antrop., Soc. d'Emul. d'Abbeville; For. Mem.
Roy. Dan. Acad., Soc. Cient. Argentina, Soc. de Géog. de Lisb.,
Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad., Numis. and Ant. Soc. Philad., Amer. Entom.
Soc.; For. Assoc. Mem. Soc. d'Anthrop. de Paris; For. Mem. Amer. Antiq.
Soc.; For. Mem. Soc. Española de Hist. Nat., Roy. Soc. of Sci. Upsala;
Hon. Mem. New Zealand Inst.; Hon. Mem. Soc. de Sociologie;
Patron Calcutta Historical Soc.; Vice-Patron Royal Anthropo-
logical Soc. of Australasia; Lord Rector of the University
of St. Andrews; LL.D. St. Andrews

CONTENTS

CHAPTER I

ON HAPPINESS

Importance of Subject - The Wish of all - How are Peace

and Happiness to be secured? - Apology for Advice

-The Lesson of Life-Complexity of Life - The

Duty of Happiness - Self-Control-The Folly of

Anger-The Importance of keeping one's Temper-

We might all be Good - Pleasures - Epicurus: Old

Legend - Unhappiness, Causes of -Pain, Use of-

Imaginary Troubles Sin Luck Necessity for

Work-Sloth-Industry - Lessons from other Races

-Burmese-Japanese - Civilisation and Science -

Reason-Limitations of Knowledge - Two Views of

Life Retirement, Usefulness- · Rest Sunday

Supreme Importance of Leisure Time

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CHAPTER II

THE BODY

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Miracle of the Loaves and Fishes - Life a Miracle-Mind

and Body-Marvellous Complexity of the Body-

The Action of the Brain - Memory - The Priceless

Gift of Life-Conditions of Health- Cleanliness-

Health Mental Troubles-Luxury-Wealth, Power,

and Health - Moderation - Fresh Air - Fasting —

Eating and Drinking- Work, Indolence, and Patience

-Sleep-Dreams-Alcohol

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PAGE

1

31

180€81

CHAPTER III

THE MIND

The Body a Temple for the Soul - The Soul is all the World
to Man-King of Edessa-Fire of Prometheus-
Shortness of Life-Supposed Insignificance of Man,
and Misery of Life: Death in that case no Evil - Two
Views of Man Not Opposite, but Alternative
Strength Woman - Beauty - Helen Poets and
Women - Draupadi-Solomon on a Wise Woman
Dignity of Life - Mystery of Life - Clearness of Duty
- Milton on Life

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PAGE

55

CHAPTER IV

ASPIRATION

To what should we aspire? - St. Augustine on Avarice
and Ambition - The Athenian Oath - Cicero on Glory

Disadvantages of Wealth and Power - Precipices
in Life-Shakespeare on Ambition - Perseverance ·
The Ideal of Socialists- The Ancients on Progress
- The Golden Age Science and Progress - The
Future of Science

CHAPTER V

CONTENTMENT

Sunshine involves Shadow- Unreasonable Complaints-
Solomon-Ages of Man: Childhood, Boyhood, Man-

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hood, Old Age - Death - Melancholy — Brooding
over Grievances - Living in Paradise-Freedom -

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Anxiety-Courage

75

97

tion of Troubles: Warnings, Trials, Imaginary or

Trifling, Self-made, Punishments, Blessings in Dis-

Allowances for Children, for Illness, and after Death-

Why not for all? - Our own Faults give us more

Trouble than those of others- Charity: giving Money

and giving Thought- The Lessons of Providence -

Prayer-Gregory the Great and Trajan - Forgiving

- Grievances - The Home

CHAPTER VIII

EDUCATION

135

Neglect of Nature - Narrowness of System - What a
University might be-Classics alone only Part of
Education-Learned Men often only half educated—
Mistake of Early Specialisation - Importance of Sci-
ence Drawing - Instruction and Education - Edu-
cation and Character .

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CHAPTER IX

ON FRIENDS AND ENEMIES

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The Folly of making Enemies-A Foolish Friend more

dangerous than an Enemy -Pylades and Orestes —

Jonathan and David-The Sanctity of Friendship-

The Faults of Friends-The Candid Friend-Con-

versation Argument Misunderstandings · So-

ciety - The Love of Towns-Strangers-Solitude -

Value of Friends-Peace in Crowds-A Kind Word

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155

- Gifts -The Presence of Friends-Love-Jealousy 177