50 per cent of its tax value, and together with the Hon. R. D. Gilmer made the chief fight on the floor of the House for the bill providing for the establishment of the Industrial Training School for Girls at Greensboro. He advocated liberal appropriations to the Southern Soldiers' Home, for completing the Gubernatorial Mansion, for the Columbian Exposition, for the extension of the Atlantic & North Carolina Railroad and for a Railroad Commission, and introduced measures prescribing the duties of the Railroad Commission, a bill for appointing a committee to codify the laws upon corporations, and to make suggestions to the following Legislature whereby they might be relieved of the great bulk of private legislation.

In 1894, Mr. Skinner was elected to the Fifty-fourth Congress, and in 1896 was re-elected to the Fifty-fifth Congress. The Congressional Record shows that he was also an advanced thinker in the wider field on national legislation. In Congress he served on important committees, one of which was the Public Buildings and Grounds, and secured the initial appropriation for the public building at Elizabeth.

He introduced, advocated and put into the Congressional Record all the necessary data connected with the Inland Waterway. He introduced a bill entitled Equal Protection, which had for its purpose fixing a stable price for cotton, also a bill establishing a land basis for National bank issue. He advocated an enlargement of our navy and a state of preparedness, not for offensive, but defensive purposes. Most of these measures were considered too far advanced and did not meet with much favor. Many of them have been accepted by both political parties.

Mr. Skinner has some reputation as an economic writer. As far back as 1886, he wrote an article entitled "A Landed Basis for our National Bank Issue," embodying the same pivotal ideas contained in the Federal Reserve Bank Act, and contemplated Rural Credit System. This article was afterwards published in Frank Leslie's Illustrated November 30, 1889, under the heading "The Hope of the South." It

is said this article was read on the floor of the St. Louis Convention and became the basic idea upon which the SubTreasury suggested by the Farmers' Alliance was adopted. The same idea was contained in a more practical form in a bill introduced in Congress by Mr. Skinner looking towards Government control of the South's cotton crop.

Since Mr. Skinner abandoned politics he has taken much interest and been very active in the work of the State Bar Association and American Bar Association. In the State Bar Association he has been a punctual attendant and has served several terms as Chairman of the Executive Committee, and in the American Bar Association has served two years as Vice-President for North Carolina, and three times has been appointed by the President of the American Bar Association the committeeman from North Carolina on the important Committee to Resist the Recall of Judges, to which position he has recently been reappointed by Hon. Elihu Root, President of the American Bar Association.

Mr. Skinner first married Miss Lottie Montiero, of Richmond, Virginia, June 5th, 1878. Of this union there were born Miss Winifred Skinner, Mr. Harry Skinner, Jr., Ella Montiero Skinner and Lottie Skinner. Harry Skinner, Jr., a bright and promising lawyer, was killed in an unfortunate automobile accident in November, 1909. Ella Montiero Skinner married Mr. A. M. Moseley, and resides in Greenville. Lottie Skinner married George B. Cooper, now manager of the Export Leaf Tobacco Company, Bristol, England. Mr. Skinner was married the second time to Miss Ella Montiero, October 26th, 1895, and by this union he has one son, Francis Xaviar Skinner.

Memorials

FREDERICK A. WOODARD

W. C. MAXWELL

ASA O. GAYLORD

ARTHUR BENJAMIN VANBUREN

HENRY THURMAN POWELL

GEORGE DAVIS

DAVID STERN

MEMORIALS.

FREDERICK A. WOODARD.

Frederick Augustus Woodard was born in Wilson county, North Carolina, February 12, 1854. His father, Dr. Stephen Woodard, was a large cotton planter and successful physician. He was a man of large information and influence, enjoying the esteem of the people of Wilson and adjoining counties. His mother was Mrs. Mary Hadley Woodard, a daughter of Thomas Hadley, Esq., a descendant of the Hadleys residing in Cumberland county prior to, and during, the Revolutionary War. They were of English origin, staunch Whigs, devoted to, and actively engaged in, the cause of American Independence, although living amid the Scotch Highlanders, who were generally Loyalists. The Hadley family have always possessed vigorous intellects, with a love of learning and strong adherence to their political principles and moral convictions.

Mr. Woodard received instruction at home, until he was of sufficient age to attend school at Stantonsburg, N. C., conducted by the Rev. Jos. H. Foy, D. D.

After completing his education, Mr. Woodard attended the law school of Chief Justice Pearson, at Richmond Hill, where, with this great teacher and expounder of the common law, so many of North Carolina's lawyers were "rooted and grounded" in the learning of Coke, Blackstone and Fearne. Judge Pearson regarded Mr. Woodard as one of his best students and, at the end of his course, one of the most thoroughly prepared members of his class. At the conclusion of his studies at Richmond Hill, he received his license from the Supreme Court and, at once, entered upon the practice of his profession with Mr. James S. Woodard, who enjoyed a large practice at the Bar of Wilson and adjoining counties.

Mr. Woodard early attracted the attention of the older lawyers and their clients, by his accurate knowledge, studious habits, industry and close attention to business, entrusted to his care. Many important and difficult causes, requiring

the taking of long and complicated accounts, were referred to him. His reports were models in the clearness of his conclusions, exhibiting careful investigation and remarkable capacity for working out the details of business transactions. His reputation rapidly increased until, while yet a young man, he enjoyed the largest and most lucrative practice in the county, with an increasing clientage in adjoining counties. The partnership with Mr. James S. Woodard continued until 1877, when he became associated with H. G. Connor, Esq. This association continued until the appointment of the latter to the Superior Court Bench, June, 1885, when Mr. Woodard formed a partnership with his brother, Mr. S. A. Woodard, which continued until his death.

For capacity to grasp the facts, separate those which were material from those which were irrelevant, draw accurate conclusions in the light of legal principles, develop his case and present it with tact, judgment and force to the court and jury, he had few equals. He was a most valuable associate and a dangerous adversary in the trial of causes. He was a well-equipped "all round lawyer."

Early in life, Mr. Woodard became interested in the political welfare of the State and county. Beginning with service on the County Executive Committee, of which he served as chairman, his wisdom, judgment and capacity for organization attracted the attention of political leaders in the State, carrying him into a large sphere of work on the Central State Committee. For many years he gave liberally of his time and his means for the success of his party, asking no reward or promotion.

At the Democratic Convention of the Second Congressional District, 1892, Mr. Woodard received the nomination for a seat in the Fifty-second Congress of the United States. He at once entered upon a thorough organization and canvass of the District, resulting in his election by a safe majority. He entered upon service March 4, 1893, at the beginning of the second term of President Cleveland, serving on the Committee on Privileges and Elections and Claims.