PATENT STOVES. THE Subscriber last winter invented a BRICK STOVE for the purpose of warming dwelling-houses, churches, compting rooms, &c. which proved very beneficial for that purpose; but finding that it participated of the principle of Mr. Pollock's patent, he has obtained authority of that Patentee to continue to erect the same, and has invented a new-constructed and durable air vessel, which will give full effect to the principle, by which rooms may be warmed at a reduced expence of fuel, and a great increase of comfort. He will now erect said Stoves, with the improved air vessel, for any who may wish, or empower others to set them up. Air Vessels, Doors, &c. may be had of Newhall & Lewis, tin-plate workers, near the Salem Hotel. Salem, Dec. 18.

JOHN DODGE.

This kind of a stove was soon supplanted by a brick stove that was in use in Russia and had been for two centuries. Capt. Solomon Towne,* of Salem, commander of the ship Galatea, spent the winter of 1810-11 in Russia, where he, with other Americans, were attracted by the efficiency of the brick stoves in use there. With much difficulty he found at person who could make him a model. This was an ingenious German potter, residing near Revel (the port where Captain Towne's vessel lay), who made tiles. for stoves. At considerable expense to Captain Towne, the German made him two neat porcelain models, one square and the other circular. Captain Towne sailed from Revel to St. Petersburg, and mentioned the matter of the models to John Quincy Adams,† the American ambassador, who expressed great pleasure at his success, observing that he had himself been desirous of obtaining a model to send home, but had never been able to do so. The directions accompanying

*He was born in Boxford.
+He studied law in Newburyport.

the models being in the German language, Mr. Adams furnished Captain Towne with an English translation of them.

On Captain Towne's return to Salem, he exhibited the models to Mr. Dodge, who was eager to seize on any improveWith Captain Towne's consent, Mr. Dodge erected one in his own house, which proved satisfactory.

ment.

The principle of the stove was that the heat should pass through various compartments, so as to heat a large surface of brick in a small space. The directions for using the stove stated that "the wood should be light and dry, so as quickly to burn down to a coal, when, all the smoke having passed off, the damper is immediately closed, by which means the heat is retained." It saved one-half of the fuel that was needed for the old manner of heating, and diffused a moderate and uniform heat. The stove could be constructed in various shapes, and was susceptible of a neat appearance.

Captain Dodge inserted in the Salem Gazette of Jan. 7, 1812, the following advertisement:

Great Saving of Fuel, and Promotion of Warmth and Comfort.

and, in order to ascertain its merits, set one up in his own house, has found by experiment that he can warm a common room for 24 hours with ten sticks of wood, each 3 inches diameter and 2 feet long, keeping the room at about 60 degrees of Fahrenheit's thermometer on an average for the 24 hours. The Russian stove would be excellent for large public rooms, and especially for meeting-houses, by which three-fourths of the fuel commonly used may be saved; and, being of brick, the expense is not great. The Stove he has constructed may be seen in operation at his house in Barton Square; and he will attend to any calls for putting up Stoves of this or his own construction.

Apply to ALLEN MARSH, At Capt. Dodge's late dwelling.

winter. This Stove may be built at a small expense, and at the same time be made as handsome as any piece of furniture whatever, and it may be so placed as to warm several rooms with the same fire. The Subscribers having purchased of Capt. Towne the model of this Stove, with the directions for building and using it, they are now ready to attend to any calls upon them from any place, either to erect Stoves, or to sell the model, &c. upon reasonable terms.

WILLIAM ROBERTS,
EBENEZER HINMAN,
DAVID ROBBINS,

TIMOTHY CHAMBERLAIN.

that Mr. Dodge had procured.

An ornamental stove of this kind was built in the Essex Bank, two in the then new South meeting-house, and others in private dwellings within the next two weeks, all of which fulfilled the highest expectations.

In the Salem Gazette of March 17, 1812, the following advertisement appeared :

THE

To the Public.

HE saving of fuel, and at the same time the promoting of warmth and comfort, has long been a desirable attainment in this country; and much time has been spent, and great expense incurred upon this object. Many new methods have been invented, and patent rights secured; but all have fallen short of the purpose, until the

RUSSIAN AIR STOVE

was introduced by Capt. SOLOMON TOWNE, who with much difficulty and at great expense obtained a correct model of it, with directions for erecting and using it. From this model from 20 to 30 Stoves have already been erected, the experience of which have proved it to be superior to anything of the kind ever offered to the public, whether for the saving of fuel, or introducing a pleasant warmth into the room, free from the disagreeable air which generally arises from stoves hitherto in

use.

The experience of the country from whence it comes, for 200 years, affords the most ample proof of its utility in tempering the severity of

Subscribers have purchased with others the model of the RUSSIAN STOVE, introduced by Capt. SOLOMON TOWNE. The real utility of this Stove has been completely proved by experiment. Independent of the fact that in Russia it is in ordinary use among all classes of persons-it has been here subject to repeated trials, and under all the disadvantages attending first experiments, has ob

Care

tained universal success and approbation. It saves more than one half of the ordinary consumption of fuel; diffuses a moderate, uniform and agreeable heat, and is perfectly safe from accident. however must be taken in the construction, otherwise the beneficial effects will be impaired. The Stove admits of a variety of forms, and is not only susceptible of neatness, but even of elegance, and can be accommodated to every shape of room. The subscribers have the full benefit of the Rus

sian model and directions, and are ready to warrant that Stoves erected by them shall equal any which can be constructed. The Subscribers are also authorized to sell models, &c. to any persons who wish to engage in this business.

JAMES NICHOLS,
JOSHUA UPHAM,
SAMUEL LATHERBY,

LOAMMI COBURN,

LEVI CHAMPION,

JONATHAN HASELTON,

ÉBENEZER HENMAN,

NATH'L S. FOSTER,

PEIRCE L. WIGGIN,

in the erection of the first one, published in the Salem Gazette of July 21, 1812, a notice addressed to "his friends and the public of this and the neighboring towns, that he continues to erect the Russian stove according to the real earthen model brought from Russia." He further said that it could be ornamented with marble or freestone; and that orders would be received at his lodgings, directly opposite Tay's sadler's shop near North bridge.

Early in this century iron fire-frames, as they were called, being a sort of fireplace with sides and top, but no back or front, were in use in some houses. They were made to be set against the chimney so that the chimney would form the back of the frame, an aperture being in the chimney at the upper part of the frame. It stood on a hearth of brick, on which the fire was built, the wood being raised above the hearth by andirons. The fireplace, thus formed, was used as such. These fire-frames were often quite ornamental; and may yet be seen in old houses in Essex county.

WILL OF JOANNA CUMMINGS.

The will of Joanna Cummings of Salem was written May 11, 1644, and proved in the Salem quarterly court July 11, 1644. The following copy is taken from the original instrument on file in the office of the clerk of courts at Salem, book 1, leaf

22.

I Jone Comins: dow giue vnto my fonn John Affter my death my houfe & ground & my gote : & my fow & he fhall give vnto gooman Cornifh a hog pig of tow months ould: m':es noris fhall have my mufe.

I dow give my Cow to m[y] gran Child mary Bourne :

[1 dow give all my beft Apparil & Beding & bed to my Gran Child Johanah to by a heafer of tow yere ould to bee put forth for hir good & that wich ken a parte of that to my fonn John to Buery mee with all*]

I will have my debtes to bee payed out of the pipe staves & that wich Remaynes to bee giuen the one halfe to my granchild mary borne & the other halfe to Johanah borne my gran Child.

I will haue all my best Apparel bed & bedding & all my houfould goods fould: & out of that a heafer of tow yere ould to bee bought for Johanah Bourne & erefr to burie mee|| I give To m' Moris Twenty fhilings & to the Church twenty fhilings: defiring ym to Exfort fo fmal a gift I giue to goody Cotta my Blew pott robe & a waft Cote my Trunck & Cloth vpon Goodye wathin fhall haue it for tenn fhilings & the ffor to bare it vp with & goodye wathin|| fhall bee payed what I owe hir & the Reft to the deacons for them to giue wher Is appoynted Goody ffeld fhall haue my Iorn pol at 4a a pound to bee payed that I owe hir & that weh Remaines to the dacuns I giue to goody Beacham a petticot with 3 caces about & a green fane yard & an ould waft Cote & an ould linin Change I giue to Ann fhiply Tow linin Changes. I give goodman boyce an ould blanckit wi[c] vp in the Chamber & a pilow wich he hath a Redie what fo euer is vnder my bed I giue to goody Corning & goody wathin to bee Equally deuided I giue John brownes wife a whit Cutworke Coyfe: I giue goody wathin a blacke Coyfe wth a lape: a grograne Coyfe: I giue my whit llaf waft Cot & ould hat to Deborah wathin I giue goody ffeld one of my lafe han carchefes wich is at good bornes

I defire That the|| Tow deacons m' Got:& goodman horne: that they fhall haue the ordring & defpofing of these things in my will to Improve for the Childrens good: yt it may not bee bangled away

*The words enclosed in these brackets crossed out in the original will.—Ed.

are

Joseph Abbat married Eliz Chinn, in Marblehead, Dec. 11, 1787.

David Flint married Eliz Abbot (Chinn), in Marblehead, Sept. 11, 1794.

-Marblehead town records. Sarah Abbott published to Benjamin Herrick of Methuen March 4, 1775. James Wyman of Methuen married Rhoda Abbott of Bradford, in Methuen, Oct. 11, 1797.

-Methuen town records. William Abbot married Martha White, both of Ipswich, May 9, 1758. He lived in Beverly, and was a mariner. He was living in 1765, and died before Dec. 8, 1768, when his widow Martha was appointed administratrix of his estate. She was living in Beverly, his widow, in 1783. Their children were born in Beverly, as follows: 1. William, born April 20, 1761; was a mariner; died at Guadaloupe in 1794; married Elizabeth who died Oct. 19, 1817, aged fifty-seven; and lived in Beverly, where their children were born as follows: 1. William, born Jan. 6, 1785; married Hepsibah Batchelder Dec. 15, 1808; and was drowned at sea July 19, 1811; his widow marrying, second, Samuel Picket May 9, 1815; 2. Martha, born Dec. 18, 1787; died July 3, 1809; 3. John, born Feb. 14, 1789; died June 29, 1809; 4. George, born March 25, 1791; married Nancy Stickney April 2, 1820; and died Jan. 18, 1848; and 5. Elizabeth, born March 10, 1794; married Oliver Blanchard Nov. 15, 1814; 2. John, christened April 10, 1763; died young. 3. John, born Aug. 23, 1764; lost at sea; tax abated April 1, 1788. 4. Hannah, christened Jan. 8, 1767; pub. lished to Woodbery Messey of Ware Sept. 6, 1789.--Beverly town records, etc.

"OLD IRONSIDES. ”

Ay, tear her tattered ensign down!
Long has it waved on high,
And many an eye has danced to see
That banner in the sky;
Beneath it rung the battle shout,
And burst the cannon's roar;-
The meteor of the ocean air

Shall sweep the clouds no more!
Her deck, once red with heroes' blood,
Where knelt the vanquished foe,
When winds were hurrying o'er the flood
And waves were white below,
No more shall feel the victor's tread,
Or know the conquered knee;-
The harpies of the shore shall pluck
The eagle of the sea!
O. W. Holmes.

THE FRIGATE CONSTITUTION. The centennial anniversary of the of the launching of the old United States frigate Constitution has just been celebrated in Boston, the gallant ship having been repaired and put in order for formal service.

Some of the original timbers were cut in the woods in that part of Rowley which is now Georgetown, and teamed, by the Brocklebanks and Nelsons, to Charlestown navy-yard, where the ship was launched Oct. 21, 1797.

Its crew was made up of men from this part of the state, eighty of whom were from Marblehead.

She carried forty-four guns; and came to be affectionately called "Old Ironsides."

Her first active service was in the maritime troubles before Tripoli in 1804; and she served all through the war of 1812-15, being always fortunate, probably from the fact that she was well commanded and manned. In the war of 1812-15, Capt. Isaac Hull had her in command until toward the end of the year 1812, when he transferred her to Commodore Bainbridge. Aug. 19, 1812, she engaged the Guerriere, a thirty-eight-gun ship under the command of Captain Dacres. The English vessel finally surrendered, after being so badly injured that she was set on fire and abandoned. The Guerriere lost one hundred and one men killed, wounded and

missing. The Constitution had seven killed and seven wounded. Up to this time, the British navy had had a charm of invincibility upon the sea, which was now broken, and the dismay in England was only paralleled by the joy in America. The enthusiasm in Marblehead upon the result of this engagement was unbounded.

Dec. 29, 1812, she so successfully encountered the British frigate Java, of thirty-eight guns, off San Salvador, in the West Indies, that after a desperate action of three hours' duration the Java was reduced to a complete wreck, not a spar being left standing. Her commander and one hundred and sixty of her crew were either killed or wounded. The Constitution was slightly injured, and but thirtyfour of her men were killed or wounded. Among the killed were the two sons of a poor widow, named Cheever, of Marblehead.

The Constitution came north to be repaired, and again recourse was had to old Baldpate, in Georgetown, for the timber, out of which its new knees, planks and stanchions were formed. The timber was hauled to Charlestown by Capt. Eliphalet Chaplin.

On Sunday forenoon, April 3, 1814, the people of Marblehead were alarmed by the sudden appearance of three great ships of war sailing as fast as wind could carry them with their prows pointed toward the harbor. The ship in advance was recognized as the Constitution, the two in the rear being the English frigates Tenedos and Endymion. The Constitution was escaping from her pursuers, and with the assistance of the seamen, who knew every rock and shoal of the locality, she sailed swiftly and majestically into the harbor, as cheer followed cheer from the crowded headlands and housetops. The British commanders had no such assistants and they dared not come very near the rocky coast. At about five o'clock, she weighed anchor, and sailed into Salem harbor, where she was more protected. The Constitution was commanded at this time by Captain Stewart.