7. WHENCE. 150. WHENCE passes from the meaning of place (motion from) to signify time, agency, &c. Pronoun (with preposition) into whence, restrictive. 151. Many in their sickness languished after the home (that) they were exiled from'; or, 'the home from which they were exiled.' 'That-from' or 'from which' may be replaced by 'whence': 'the home whence they were exiled.' EXERCISE 135. 1. No source from which valuable information was likely to be derived, had been neglected. 2. When they arrived at the point from which they ought to have seen the crag, it was no longer visible. 3. The constitution of England has no single date from which its duration is to be reckoned. 4. He looked towards the place that the sounds seemed to come from. 5. He desired to maintain that authority from which kings themselves derive their being. 6. The servant took back the horses to the inn from which they had been sent for. 7. He was borne back in an instant to the place (that) he had first been taken from. 8. On returning to the port he had sailed from, he found but few of his former companions. 9. I know the source you get your information from. Whence, restrictive, into Pronoun (with preposition). 152. 'Such is the custom in the country whence I came.' The same meaning is expressed by the country (that) I came from? (That)-from' may take the place of 'whence.' came. EXERCISE 136. 1. They eagerly turned to the quarter whence the sounds 2. Before night we reached a market town twenty miles from the place whence we set out in the morning. 3. She soon discovered the point whence she had seen the mysterious dwelling. 4. From that spring whence comfort seemed to come, discomfort swells. 5. The coast of England lay near to the ports whence these invaders sailed. 6. He breaks the vial whence the sorrows flow. 7 At last I got into the same creek whence I set out on my excursion. 8. Let us look to the rock whence we were hewn, and to the hole of the pit whence we were digged. Pronoun (with preposition) into whence, co-ordinating. 153. In the forenoon the boy attended church, from which he went to visit his uncle.' 'From which' may be replaced by 'whence': 'he attended church, whence he went to visit his uncle.' EXERCISE 137. 1. At last Bruce and his followers reached the headland of Cantire, from which they took boat to the isle of Rathlin. 2. The robber conducted her to the sea-coast, from which she escaped into Flanders. 3. Over the broadest river there seemed to spring a cragged and stupendous arch, from which gushed the sources of the sudden Phlegethon. 4. Louis Napoleon was imprisoned in the castle of Ham, from which he escaped in disguise. 5. They gazed a while in admiration at my strange uncouth dress, from which they concluded I was not a native of the place. 6. The genitive denotes possession, from which it is often called the possessive. 7. He speaks the language frequently, from which it is likely he is not altogether a stranger here. 8. The whole extent of this prince's dominions reaches about six thousand miles in length, and from three to five in breadth; from which I cannot but conclude that our geographers are in a great error. Whence, co-ordinating, into Pronoun (with preposition). 154. 'The men heaved me into the boat, whence I was taken into the ship.' 'Whence' may be replaced by 'from which': 'from which (or out of which) I was taken into the ship.' EXERCISE 138. 1. I was born in England, whence I came five years ago. 2. The prisoner got out at the window upon the roof, whence he continued his route upon the tops of the adjoining houses. 3. The cattle are kept on estates some days' journey across and up the river, whence they are brought in canoes. 4. It entered the earth beneath her feet, whence immediately sprang up a goodly tree covered with blossoms. 5. The crown of her head was covered with a small French çap, whence her beautiful hair descended in ringlets. 6. These invaders were the people of the H North of Europe, whence they were called Northmen. 7. Our whole life is but a day repeated; whence it is that old Jacob numbers his life by days. 8. In order to make us feel, there must be a change of impression; whence all feeling is two-sided. 8. WHITHER. 155. WHITHER refers to an antecedent of place, with the sense of motion to (in the direction of). It keeps very closely to the literal meaning. Pronoun (with preposition) into whither. 156. Mount Hara was Mahomet's Sinai, to which he retired occasionally, in fits of excitement.' Or: whither he retired.' 'Syria was the land that Abraham repaired to from Chaldea'; or, as some writers would put it, 'the land to which Abraham repaired. Otherwise: 'the land whither Abraham repaired.' EXERCISE 139. 1. He desired leave to peruse my tragedy in the country, to which he intended to remove next day. 2. From Crossen, in the direction of which Friedrich is now driving, to the Jablunka Pass, is above 250 miles, 3. There is no work nor device in the grave, to which thou goest. 4. The young prince was living in a castle on the borders of Wales, to which he had been sent to overawe the Welsh. 5. The men fled to the mountain, to which their pursuers followed them. 6. Several times she put her head out of her carriage to see yet again this palace of her fathers, to which she was to return no more. 7. In Greece, and in those lands to which the Greek speech and customs had been carried, the Greek civilization still held its ground. 8. The Lord of the place that thou art going to hath authorized this man to be thy guide. 9. He never reached the port that he was bound to. 10. The Lord thy God shall bless thee in the land that thou goest into to possess it. Whither into Pronoun (with preposition). 157. The little heir was sent in the arms of his nurse to bed, whither he went howling. For 'whither' we might substitute to which': he was sent to bed, to which he went howling.' This hill was a place whither the inhabitants of the city sent their sick and infirm.' This is an alternative for: 'a place that the inhabitants sent their sick to,' or 'a place to which the inhabitants sent their sick.' EXERCISE 140. 1. He is in the garden of Naboth, whither he is gone down to possess it. 2. In the public school of Ludwigsburg, whither the family were now removed, Schiller's studies were regulated with a view to the clerical profession. 3. The young heir never set eyes on me without hunting me into some cottage or other, whither I generally fled for shelter. 4. Our miscarriage opened a passage for the foe to Haynau, whither they immediately marched. 5. A gentleman desired to see me at a certain house, whither I at once repaired. 6. All his life he had loved his native village, whither he returned to end his days. 7. At every place whither we shall come, say of me, He is my brother. 8. We came into the land whither thou sentest us. 9. Will it not be counted a trespass against the Lord of the city whither we are bound? 10. They were totally ignorant of the coast whither they were rapidly drifting. 9. WHY. 158. WHY is limited to the expression of reason or cause. It is never co-ordinating. Why, restrictive, for Pronoun (with preposition). 159. 'There is no reason why you should not stay. Why' here takes the place of on account of which,' or because of which,' or 'for which.' 'And this is the cause why Joshua did circumcise': 'for which Joshua did circumcise,' ' that Joshua circumcised for. EXERCISE 141. 1. The reason why he retired from public life, is unknown. 2. There is good reason why the utmost care should be taken. 3. Hence also we may see the reason why languages constantly change. 4. These are not sufficient reasons why so great changes should take place. 5. There was no cause why I should study to set forth the matter with eloquence. 6. This is also the cause why victuals are dearer. 7. This is not the only cause why men steal. 8. His vices are the cause why his people hold him in contempt. EXERCISE 142. General examples. 1. But mightier crimes are laid unto your charge, 2. Every place whereon the soles of your feet shall tread shall be yours. 3. This is the day wherein I wished to fall. 4. Now in the place where he was crucified there was a garden; and in the garden a new sepulchre, wherein was never man yet laid. 5. They have no other craft whereby to get their living. 6. An epic poet should avoid not only such sentiments as are unnatural, but also such as are vulgar. 7. The Interrex held office for five days only, when a successor was chosen. 8. The driver lived on the confines of the forest, where his old father was a woodman. 9. He proposed farther "that by employing spiders, the charge for dying silks should be wholly saved"; whereof I was convinced when he showed me a vast number of flies, most beautifully coloured, wherewith he fed his spiders, assuring us "that the webs would take a tincture from them." 10. Where's that palace whereinto foul things EXERCISE 143. General examples. 1. And on that day at noon whereon he says 2. Desire not the night, when people are cut off in their place. 10. |