Cognitive Grammar: A Basic IntroductionOxford University Press, 2008 M02 4 - 584 páginas This book fills a long standing need for a basic introduction to Cognitive Grammar that is current, authoritative, comprehensive, and approachable. It presents a synthesis that draws together and refines the descriptive and theoretical notions developed in this framework over the course of three decades. In a unified manner, it accommodates both the conceptual and the social-interactive basis of linguistic structure, as well as the need for both functional explanation and explicit structural description. Starting with the fundamentals, essential aspects of the theory are systematically laid out with concrete illustrations and careful discussion of their rationale. Among the topics surveyed are conceptual semantics, grammatical classes, grammatical constructions, the lexicon-grammar continuum characterized as assemblies of symbolic structures (form-meaning pairings), and the usage-based account of productivity, restrictions, and well-formedness. The theory's central claim - that grammar is inherently meaningful - is thereby shown to be viable. The framework is further elucidated through application to nominal structure, clause structure, and complex sentences. These are examined in broad perspective, with exemplification from English and numerous other languages. In line with the theory's general principles, they are discussed not only in terms of their structural characterization, but also their conceptual value and functional motivation. Other matters explored include discourse, the temporal dimension of language structure, and what grammar reveals about cognitive processes and the construction of our mental world. |
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Página 13
... units and sharp boundaries is definitely attractive. Dividing makes it easier to conquer. In particular, if meaning can safely be ignored, the description of grammar is greatly simplified (at least superficially). Discrete structures ...
... units and sharp boundaries is definitely attractive. Dividing makes it easier to conquer. In particular, if meaning can safely be ignored, the description of grammar is greatly simplified (at least superficially). Discrete structures ...
Página 16
... unit. Lexical items are expressions that have achieved the status of units for representative members of a speech community. 16 PRELIMINARIES.
... unit. Lexical items are expressions that have achieved the status of units for representative members of a speech community. 16 PRELIMINARIES.
Página 17
A Basic Introduction Ronald W. Langacker. status of units for representative members of a speech community. When it is relevant to draw the distinction, units are enclosed in boxes or square brackets; nonunits are in closed curves, boxes ...
A Basic Introduction Ronald W. Langacker. status of units for representative members of a speech community. When it is relevant to draw the distinction, units are enclosed in boxes or square brackets; nonunits are in closed curves, boxes ...
Página 19
... units) that enable its users to speak and understand. Without a substantial inventory of prefabricated expressions, fluent real-time speech would hardly be possible. Theorists have grossly exaggerated the novelty of “novel sentences ...
... units) that enable its users to speak and understand. Without a substantial inventory of prefabricated expressions, fluent real-time speech would hardly be possible. Theorists have grossly exaggerated the novelty of “novel sentences ...
Página 20
... unit is Vs X in the Nb, where Vs is a verb of striking like hit, kick, strike, or poke and Nb is a body-part noun like shin, back, face, eye, or knee. Certain partial instantiations of this schema are themselves established units ...
... unit is Vs X in the Nb, where Vs is a verb of striking like hit, kick, strike, or poke and Nb is a body-part noun like shin, back, face, eye, or knee. Certain partial instantiations of this schema are themselves established units ...
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abstract actual adjective adverb anaphoric apprehended basic basis categorization characterization clausal clitic cognitive cognitive linguistics complement complex component structures composite structure conceptual content configuration constitute construal constructional schema construed contrast correspondence count noun definite article described diagram discourse distinct domain elaborate entity epistemic evoked example expression’s finite clause focal prominence focused function giraffe grammatical grounding element higher level identified immediate scope indicates instance instantiation interaction interpretation invoked jar lid Jill landmark language level of organization lexeme lexical items linguistic Luiseño mass noun meaning mental access mental space metonymic modifier morpheme nature notions object occur onstage particular path pattern pertain profiled relationship pronoun proposition prototype reference point reification relation relative clause represents respect role scanning schematic semantic sentence shown in figure simply single spatial speaker specific speech act status symbolic assemblies target temporal thing tion trajector units usage events verb