Cognitive Grammar: A Basic IntroductionOxford University Press, 2008 M02 4 - 584 páginas This book fills a long standing need for a basic introduction to Cognitive Grammar that is current, authoritative, comprehensive, and approachable. It presents a synthesis that draws together and refines the descriptive and theoretical notions developed in this framework over the course of three decades. In a unified manner, it accommodates both the conceptual and the social-interactive basis of linguistic structure, as well as the need for both functional explanation and explicit structural description. Starting with the fundamentals, essential aspects of the theory are systematically laid out with concrete illustrations and careful discussion of their rationale. Among the topics surveyed are conceptual semantics, grammatical classes, grammatical constructions, the lexicon-grammar continuum characterized as assemblies of symbolic structures (form-meaning pairings), and the usage-based account of productivity, restrictions, and well-formedness. The theory's central claim - that grammar is inherently meaningful - is thereby shown to be viable. The framework is further elucidated through application to nominal structure, clause structure, and complex sentences. These are examined in broad perspective, with exemplification from English and numerous other languages. In line with the theory's general principles, they are discussed not only in terms of their structural characterization, but also their conceptual value and functional motivation. Other matters explored include discourse, the temporal dimension of language structure, and what grammar reveals about cognitive processes and the construction of our mental world. |
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Página 19
... sentence. Rather than being syntactic atoms confined to particular slots in syntactic tree structures, idiomatic ... sentences”. We have seen that lexical units can be ordered in terms of their degree of symbolic complexity (e.g. moon ...
... sentence. Rather than being syntactic atoms confined to particular slots in syntactic tree structures, idiomatic ... sentences”. We have seen that lexical units can be ordered in terms of their degree of symbolic complexity (e.g. moon ...
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... sentence with the set of conditions under which it is true. These “truth conditions” pertain to what the world is like objectively, irrespective of how it might be conceptualized. Both options stand in sharp contrast to the cognitive ...
... sentence with the set of conditions under which it is true. These “truth conditions” pertain to what the world is like objectively, irrespective of how it might be conceptualized. Both options stand in sharp contrast to the cognitive ...
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... sentence is completely predicted by rules of semantic composition. Cognitive semantics explicitly rejects this option. At the opposite extreme is the view that nothing at all is conventionally established: an element's meaning is ...
... sentence is completely predicted by rules of semantic composition. Cognitive semantics explicitly rejects this option. At the opposite extreme is the view that nothing at all is conventionally established: an element's meaning is ...
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... sentence (like this one) can hardly be apprehended instantaneously; more likely it unfolds on a clause-by-clause basis, there being no instant when all facets of it are simultaneously active and accessible. Conceptualization is dynamic ...
... sentence (like this one) can hardly be apprehended instantaneously; more likely it unfolds on a clause-by-clause basis, there being no instant when all facets of it are simultaneously active and accessible. Conceptualization is dynamic ...
Página 39
... sentences. When uttered in context, a sentence may invoke or convey considerably more than what it actually says. Owing to the previous discourse, to interpretive abilities, as well as to general and contextual knowledge, its full ...
... sentences. When uttered in context, a sentence may invoke or convey considerably more than what it actually says. Owing to the previous discourse, to interpretive abilities, as well as to general and contextual knowledge, its full ...
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abstract actual adjective adverb anaphoric apprehended basic basis categorization characterization clausal clitic cognitive cognitive linguistics complement complex component structures composite structure conceptual content configuration constitute construal constructional schema construed contrast correspondence count noun definite article described diagram discourse distinct domain elaborate entity epistemic evoked example expression’s finite clause focal prominence focused function giraffe grammatical grounding element higher level identified immediate scope indicates instance instantiation interaction interpretation invoked jar lid Jill landmark language level of organization lexeme lexical items linguistic Luiseño mass noun meaning mental access mental space metonymic modifier morpheme nature notions object occur onstage particular path pattern pertain profiled relationship pronoun proposition prototype reference point reification relation relative clause represents respect role scanning schematic semantic sentence shown in figure simply single spatial speaker specific speech act status symbolic assemblies target temporal thing tion trajector units usage events verb