Cognitive Grammar: A Basic IntroductionOxford University Press, 2008 M02 4 - 584 páginas This book fills a long standing need for a basic introduction to Cognitive Grammar that is current, authoritative, comprehensive, and approachable. It presents a synthesis that draws together and refines the descriptive and theoretical notions developed in this framework over the course of three decades. In a unified manner, it accommodates both the conceptual and the social-interactive basis of linguistic structure, as well as the need for both functional explanation and explicit structural description. Starting with the fundamentals, essential aspects of the theory are systematically laid out with concrete illustrations and careful discussion of their rationale. Among the topics surveyed are conceptual semantics, grammatical classes, grammatical constructions, the lexicon-grammar continuum characterized as assemblies of symbolic structures (form-meaning pairings), and the usage-based account of productivity, restrictions, and well-formedness. The theory's central claim - that grammar is inherently meaningful - is thereby shown to be viable. The framework is further elucidated through application to nominal structure, clause structure, and complex sentences. These are examined in broad perspective, with exemplification from English and numerous other languages. In line with the theory's general principles, they are discussed not only in terms of their structural characterization, but also their conceptual value and functional motivation. Other matters explored include discourse, the temporal dimension of language structure, and what grammar reveals about cognitive processes and the construction of our mental world. |
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Página 20
... patterns abstracted from them and potentially used in forming new ones. To this extent they are grammar-like, since grammar by definition comprises the patterns used in forming complex expressions. In an effort to preserve the standard ...
... patterns abstracted from them and potentially used in forming new ones. To this extent they are grammar-like, since grammar by definition comprises the patterns used in forming complex expressions. In an effort to preserve the standard ...
Página 22
... pattern for forming relative clauses). In between lie many structures (such as Vs X in the Nb) validly thought of either way, depending on one's purpose. The claim, then, is that grammar reduces to schematic symbolic assemblies. But ...
... pattern for forming relative clauses). In between lie many structures (such as Vs X in the Nb) validly thought of either way, depending on one's purpose. The claim, then, is that grammar reduces to schematic symbolic assemblies. But ...
Página 23
... pattern.17 In CG, rules take the form of schemas: they are abstract templates obtained by reinforcing the commonality inherent in a set of instances. Since grammatical rules are patterns in the formation of symbolically complex ...
... pattern.17 In CG, rules take the form of schemas: they are abstract templates obtained by reinforcing the commonality inherent in a set of instances. Since grammatical rules are patterns in the formation of symbolically complex ...
Página 24
... pattern that we can write as N+less.18 This schematic symbolic assembly is one component of N1+less N2 (as in moonless night, childless couple, hopeless situation, treeless plain, fruitless search, cordless phone), which in turn is part ...
... pattern that we can write as N+less.18 This schematic symbolic assembly is one component of N1+less N2 (as in moonless night, childless couple, hopeless situation, treeless plain, fruitless search, cordless phone), which in turn is part ...
Página 26
... pattern by (iii). For moonless, we see this formulaically in (8)(a)–(c), respectively: (8) (a) [[[MOON]/[moon ... patterns can only arise by the schematization of occurring expressions, this requirement rules out derivations from ...
... pattern by (iii). For moonless, we see this formulaically in (8)(a)–(c), respectively: (8) (a) [[[MOON]/[moon ... patterns can only arise by the schematization of occurring expressions, this requirement rules out derivations from ...
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abstract actual adjective adverb anaphoric apprehended basic basis categorization characterization clausal clitic cognitive cognitive linguistics complement complex component structures composite structure conceptual content configuration constitute construal constructional schema construed contrast correspondence count noun definite article described diagram discourse distinct domain elaborate entity epistemic evoked example expression’s finite clause focal prominence focused function giraffe grammatical grounding element higher level identified immediate scope indicates instance instantiation interaction interpretation invoked jar lid Jill landmark language level of organization lexeme lexical items linguistic Luiseño mass noun meaning mental access mental space metonymic modifier morpheme nature notions object occur onstage particular path pattern pertain profiled relationship pronoun proposition prototype reference point reification relation relative clause represents respect role scanning schematic semantic sentence shown in figure simply single spatial speaker specific speech act status symbolic assemblies target temporal thing tion trajector units usage events verb