Cognitive Grammar: A Basic IntroductionOxford University Press, 2008 M02 4 - 584 páginas This book fills a long standing need for a basic introduction to Cognitive Grammar that is current, authoritative, comprehensive, and approachable. It presents a synthesis that draws together and refines the descriptive and theoretical notions developed in this framework over the course of three decades. In a unified manner, it accommodates both the conceptual and the social-interactive basis of linguistic structure, as well as the need for both functional explanation and explicit structural description. Starting with the fundamentals, essential aspects of the theory are systematically laid out with concrete illustrations and careful discussion of their rationale. Among the topics surveyed are conceptual semantics, grammatical classes, grammatical constructions, the lexicon-grammar continuum characterized as assemblies of symbolic structures (form-meaning pairings), and the usage-based account of productivity, restrictions, and well-formedness. The theory's central claim - that grammar is inherently meaningful - is thereby shown to be viable. The framework is further elucidated through application to nominal structure, clause structure, and complex sentences. These are examined in broad perspective, with exemplification from English and numerous other languages. In line with the theory's general principles, they are discussed not only in terms of their structural characterization, but also their conceptual value and functional motivation. Other matters explored include discourse, the temporal dimension of language structure, and what grammar reveals about cognitive processes and the construction of our mental world. |
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Página 8
... entity (a separate “module” or “mental faculty”), language is viewed as an integral facet of cognition. As for CG in particular, care is taken to invoke only well-established or easily demonstrated mental abilities that are not ...
... entity (a separate “module” or “mental faculty”), language is viewed as an integral facet of cognition. As for CG in particular, care is taken to invoke only well-established or easily demonstrated mental abilities that are not ...
Página 9
... entity (it does not), and that everything is claimed to be iconic (no such claim is made). These points are all covered later. For now let us turn to the most fecund source of misconceptions about CG, namely the notations it employs ...
... entity (it does not), and that everything is claimed to be iconic (no such claim is made). These points are all covered later. For now let us turn to the most fecund source of misconceptions about CG, namely the notations it employs ...
Página 17
... entity' (e.g. the ring of dirt left around a bathtub). 4. Categorization is most broadly describable as the interpretation of experience with respect to previously existing structures. A category is a set of elements judged equivalent ...
... entity' (e.g. the ring of dirt left around a bathtub). 4. Categorization is most broadly describable as the interpretation of experience with respect to previously existing structures. A category is a set of elements judged equivalent ...
Página 28
A Basic Introduction Ronald W. Langacker. language as an abstract, disembodied entity that cannot be localized. Like the objects and laws of mathematics (e.g. the geometric ideal of a circle), linguistic meanings are seen as transcendent ...
A Basic Introduction Ronald W. Langacker. language as an abstract, disembodied entity that cannot be localized. Like the objects and laws of mathematics (e.g. the geometric ideal of a circle), linguistic meanings are seen as transcendent ...
Página 35
... entities also coded by nouns. I view the ability to perceive a discrete physical object, like a ball, as a lowlevel, essentially automatic manifestation of the same capacity more transparently involved in mentally forming a single entity ...
... entities also coded by nouns. I view the ability to perceive a discrete physical object, like a ball, as a lowlevel, essentially automatic manifestation of the same capacity more transparently involved in mentally forming a single entity ...
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abstract actual adjective adverb anaphoric apprehended basic basis categorization characterization clausal clitic cognitive cognitive linguistics complement complex component structures composite structure conceptual content configuration constitute construal constructional schema construed contrast correspondence count noun definite article described diagram discourse distinct domain elaborate entity epistemic evoked example expression’s finite clause focal prominence focused function giraffe grammatical grounding element higher level identified immediate scope indicates instance instantiation interaction interpretation invoked jar lid Jill landmark language level of organization lexeme lexical items linguistic Luiseño mass noun meaning mental access mental space metonymic modifier morpheme nature notions object occur onstage particular path pattern pertain profiled relationship pronoun proposition prototype reference point reification relation relative clause represents respect role scanning schematic semantic sentence shown in figure simply single spatial speaker specific speech act status symbolic assemblies target temporal thing tion trajector units usage events verb