the fubftantial Riches of the Mind, but 'tis good Breeding fets them off: And lie that will be acceptable, muft give Beauty, as well as Strength, to his Aétions. Solidity, or even Usefulnefs, is not enough: A graceful Way and Fashion in every Thing, is that which gives the Ornament and Liking. And in moft Cafes, the Manner of doing is of more Confequence, than the Thing done; and upon that depends the Satisfaction or Difguft wherewith it is receiv'd. This therefore, which lies not in the putting off the Hat, nor making of Complements, but in a due and free Composure of Language, Looks, Motion, Pofture, Place, &c. fuited to Perfons and Occafions, and can be learn'd only by Habit and Ufe, though it be above the Capacity of Children, and little ones fhould not be perplex'd about it, yet it ought to be begun, and in a good Meafure learn'd by a young Gentleman whilft he is under a Tutor, before he comes into the World upon his own Legs: For then ufually it is too late to hope to reform feveral habitual Indecencies, which lie in little Things. For the Carriage is not as it fhould be, till it is become natural in every Part, falling, as fkilful Muficians Fingers do, into harmonious Order, without Care, and without Thought. If in Converfation a Man's Mind be taken up with a follicitous Watchfulnefs about any Part of his Behaviour,

inftead of being mended by it, it will be conftrain'd, uneafy, and ungraceful..

Befides, this Part is moft neceffary to be form'd by the Hands and Care of a Go-` vernor, becaufe, though the Errors committed in Breeding are the firft that are taken Notice of by others, yet they are the laft that any one is told of; not but that the Malice of the World is forward enough to tattle of them; but it is always out of his hearing, who fhould make Profit of their Judgment, and reform himfelf by their Cenfure. And indeed this is fo nice a Point to be meddl'd with, that even those who are Friends, and wifh it were mended, fcarce ever dare mention it, and tell thofe they love, that they are guilty in fuch or fuch Cafes of ill Breeding. Errors in other Things, may often with Civility be fhewn another; and 'tis no Breach of good Manners or Friendship, to fet him right in other Miftakes, but good Breeding it felf allows not a Man to touch upon this, or to infinuate to another, that he is guilty of Want of Breeding. Such Information can come only from thofe, who have Authority over them; and from them too it comes very hardly and harshly to a grown Man; and however foften'd, goes but ill down with any one, who has liv'd ever fo little in the World. Wherefore it is necef, fary, that this Part fhould be the Governor's principal Care, that an habitual Grace

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fulness, and Politenefs in all his Carriage, may be fettl'd in his Charge, as much as may be, before he goes out of his Hands; and that he may not need Advice in this Point, when he has neither Time nor Dif pofition to receive it, nor has any Body left to give it him, the Tutor therefore ought in the firft Place to be well bred And a young Gentleman, who gets this one Qualification from his Governor, fets out with great Advantage, and will find, that this one Accomplishment will more open his Way to him, get him more Friends, and carry him farther in the World, than all hard Words, or real Knowledge he has got from the liberal Arts, or his Tutor's learned Encyclopaidia. Not that thofe fhould be neglected, but by no Means preferr'd, or fuffer'd to thruft out the other.

§. 94. Befides being well-bred, the Tu tor fhould know the World well: The Ways, the Humours, the Follies, the Cheats, the Faults of the Age he is fallen into, and particularly of the Country he lives in. Thefe he fhould be able to fhew to his Pupil, as he finds him capable; teach him Skill in Men, and their Manners; pull off the Mask which their feveral Callings and Pretences cover them with, and make his Pupil difcern what lies at the Bottom, under fuch Appearances, that he may not, as unexperienc'd young Men are apt to do, if they are unwarn'd, take one Thing for

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another; judge by the Outfide, and give himfelf up to Shew, and the Infinuation of a fair Carriage, or an obliging Application. A Governor fhould teach his Scholar to guess at, and beware of the Defigns. of Men he hath to do with, neither with too much Sufpicion, nor too much Confidence; but as the young Man is by Nature most inclin'd to either Side, rectify him, and bend him the other Way. He fhould accuftom him to make as much as is poffible a true Judgment of Men by thofe Marks which ferve belt to fhew what they are, and give a Profpect into their Infide, which often fhews it felf in little Things, efpecially when they are not in Parade, and upon their Guard. He fhould acquaint him with the true State of the World, and difpofe him to think no Man better or worse, wifer or foolisher, than really he is. Thus, by fafe and infenfible Degrees, he will pafs from a Boy to a Man which is the moft hazardous Step in all the whole Courfe of Life. This therefore fhould be carefully watch'd, and a young Man with great Diligence handed over it; and not, as now ufually is done, be taken from a Governor's Conduct, and all at once thrown into the World under his own, not withi out manifeft Dangers of immediate Spoiling, there being nothing more frequent, than Inftances of the great Loofenefs, Extravagancy, and Debauchery, which young

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Men have run into as foon as they have been let loofe from a fevere and ftrict Education: Which I think may be chiefly imputed to their wrong Way of Breeding, efpecially in this Part; for having teen bred up in a great Ignorance of what the World truly is, and finding it a quite other Thing, when they come into it, than what they were taught it fhould be, and fo imagin'd it was, are easily perfwaded, by other Kind of Tutors, which they are fure to meet with, that the Difcipline they were kept under, and the Lectures were read to them, were but the Formalities of Educa tion, and the Reftraints of Childhood; that the Freedom belonging to Men, is to take their Swing in a full Enjoyment of what was before forbidden them. They thew the young Novice the World full of fashionable and glittering Examples of this every where, and he is prefently dazzl'd with them. My young Mafter failing not to be willing to thew himfelf a Man, as nuch as any of the Sparks of his Years, lets himself loofe to all the Irregulariti s he finds in the most debauch'd, and thus courts Credit andManlinefs, in the cafting off the Modefty and Sobriety he has 'till then been kept in; and thinks it brave, at his first fetting out, to figualize himfelf in running counter to all the Rules of Vertue which have been preach'd to him by his Tutor.

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