CLARK UNIVERSITY ADDRESSES CONFERENCES ON INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS EDITED BY GEORGE H. BLAKESLEE China and the Far East Japan and Japanese-American Relations Recent Developments in China Latin America G. E. Stechert, New York, 1914 Problems and Lessons of the War Mexico and the Caribbean MEXICO AND THE CARIBBEAN CLARK UNIVERSITY ADDRESSES EDITED BY GEORGE H. BLAKESLEE Professor of History and International Relations, Clark University This book is a most valuable contribution to American political discussion and should be read by everyone interested in North American inter-continental relationships From cover to cover the book is crowded with facts that should be known to those who are interested in the advancement of the interests of this continent. The Mexican Review. Mexico and the Caribbean countries have at various times reacted heavily upon our history. Historians have been slow to appraise the true force of these reactions. Clark University has rendered a service through having brought together a number of men who are interested in the problems of the Latin American world. These men have discussed various questions about which there are controversies, and nothing could more clearly indicate the diversity of opinion existing than these very addresses themselves. American Historical Review. TWENTY THREE CHAPTERS BY EXPERTS Pages 378; Price $4.00 NEW YORK G. E. STECHERT AND COMPANY LIBRARY THE JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS (Continuing the Journal of Race Development) FRANK H. HANKINS 505 J. FRED RIPPY 524 MARGARET ALEXANDER 539 Literary Yankeephobia in Hispanic America Notes on International Educational Affairs. MARY L. WAITE 558 DENYS P. MYERS 593 PUBLISHED QUARTERLY AT MOUNT ROYAL AND GUILFORD AVENUES BALTIMORE, MARYLAND EDITORIAL OFFICE, CLARK UNIVERSITY, WORCESTER, MASS, $8.00 A YEAR 75 CENTS A COPY Application has been made for entry as second class matter at the post office at Baltimore, Maryland under the act of March 3, 1879 Made in United States of America Professor GEORGE H. BLAKESLEE, Ph.D., Clark University President DAVID P. BARROWS, LL.D............. University of California Vice Chancellor J. MACMILLAN BROWN, LL.D... Christchurch, New Zealand WILLIAM I. CHAMBERLAIN, Ph.D., D.D.. WILLIAM E. B. DuBois, Ph.D....... WM. CURTIS FARABEE, Ph.D..... President A. F. GRIFFITHS.. GILBERT REID, D.D....... JAMES A. ROBERTSON, L.H.D... .New York .New York .....Chicago .University of Pennsylvania .Oahu College, Honolulu ... .Tokyo, Japan Yale University Ph.D........Columbia University ... University of North Carolina Professor J. HOLLAND ROSE, LL.D......Cambridge Professor WILLIAM R. SHEPHERD, Ph.D................... Shanghai, China ...Washington University, England ...Calcutta, India .Columbia University DAVID S. SPENCER, D.D..........435 Furushinyashiki, Kumamoto, Japan Professor PAYSON J. TREAT, Ph.D............. Leland Stanford University Assistant Professor FREDERICK W. WILLIAMS........ CLARK UNIVERSITY, PUBLISHER Yale University Articles intended for publication, and all correspondence relating to the editorial department of the JOURNAL, should be addressed to Dr. George H. Blakeslee, Clark University, Worcester. Exchanges, subscriptions, and all correspondence relating thereto should be addressed to Mount Royal and Guilford Avenues, Baltimore, Md., or to Florence Chandler, Clark University, 950 Main Street, Worcester, Mass. Copyright, 1922, Clark University The printing of this number was completed May 10, 1922. LIBRARY THE JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS (Continuing THE JOURNAL OF RACE DEVELOPMENT) Vol. 12 APRIL, 1922 No. 4 TURKEY UNDER THE ARMISTICE By Albert Howe Lybyer, Professor of European History, University of Illinois I. "SAYING PEACE, PEACE, WHEN THERE IS NO PEACE" Turkey was in the great war almost exactly four years. At the date of writing, she is in the middle of her fourth year under the armistice. It would not have been believed possible when she signed terms of temporary surrender on October 30, 1918, that in March, 1922, she would not yet have peace. There is as yet no solid legal foundation under the Greeks in Thrace and Smyrna, the French in Syria, the British and the Zionists in Palestine, King Hussein in the Hejaz, or even the "independence" of Egypt. In spite of armies, administrations, and "mandates," the former owners have not yet fully signed away their title. Why such an absurd prolongation of a temporary situation, such a failure after complete victory, in establishing a "dictated peace" by great powers over a weak state? The reasons are many and complex. They include the rivalry of nationalist aspirations and imperialistic aims among nations great and small, the contrast of the public. professions of intention by the successful powers with their secret agreements, the unsettled position of one of the claimants-Russia, the postponement of the settlement of Turkey until last among the states defeated in the Great War, the defensibility of Turkish territory, and the warlike character of the people. The crisis has been prolonged above all by the failure of England and France to find a basis upon which they can cooperate. 447 THE JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS, VOL. 12, No. 4, APRIL, 1922 |