in which he performed service twice on the Sabbath, was the only sphere of his exertions. Here he passed several years, still endeavouring to render himself useful, for he kept a school during some days of the week, though he received no salary for it. The people pitied their aged pastor, but, like Dutch traders, their pity did not warm the heart, for they allowed him a very small income, that scarcely raised him above poverty. Their manners were simple, and their converse, as well as souls, centred wholly in their commerce; he found a welcome in their dwellings whenever he chose to enter; but he felt that the society of the phlegmatic and mindless men of Chinsura was a sad contrast to the circles of Calcutta. According to his own confession, he was now brought to a knowledge of himself; it was a knowledge darkly and fearfully purchased! Chinsura was but thirty miles distant from Calcutta; it was a mere excursion, often taken for pleasure, on the river Hoogly, by the civil as well as military servants of the Company; the route into the interior also lay that way, yet none came to see him, none sent a friendly greeting, or even a message of sympathy to the heart that was bleeding at the unkindness of the world. O, could he have seen some well-known footstep draw nigh his door, or hear one voice of the many that he once loved to hear. He was changed only in outward circumstances; his intellect was as powerful as ever, and his fine and sorrow-stricken countenance, and his conversation full of various knowledge and learning, were strange to meet with in such a place. But his home, whose latch was seldom lifted, the few volumes of his beloved Oriental lore, now his only companions, his thrifty meal, prepared by his own hand-told more indelibly than Persian, Arabian, or even the son of Sirach, could have told, that the human heart is faithless as the wave, even as the passing blast, and that poverty is cruel as the grave.

His great possessions were not utterly passed away; a remnant remained, but it was withheld from him. Part had been laid out in the purchase of houses in Calcutta, in junction with some of his acquaintance, for rents being very high at this period, it was considered a good speculation. He had expended many sums on these dwellings; the speculation did not answer, and they fell, on the failure of his fortunes, into the hands of his associates, who reaped the benefit, while to him it was a total loss. A pittance out of this property, or even of its rents, would have made the exile of Chinsura at ease in his circumstances. Though infirmities were gathering on his frame, he was still able to go forth, at times, into the country around.

Dutch republic; the settlement at Chinsura was captured, and Kiernander became a prisoner of war; in which character he received from the English Government the pittance of fifty rupees a-month, as a subsistence. He lost his office, and he lost his liberty, even at eighty-six years of age. At last, the English, pitying his age and misfortunes, allowed him to go to Calcutta; he took leave of Chinsura with a faltering step, and a heart almost broken; he had looked upon it as the last asylum on this side the grave, a rest from all his troubles, where he would wait And now he was calmly till his hour should come. to go again to that city of pride and luxury, and seek friends-friends to a poor man bordering on ninety. If Calcutta had such within its bosom, their names should be written in letters of gold. He arrived in the city, and wandered through the streets, and passed by the doors of the rich, the high, and the unhappy, where he was once so welcome. O! when his own home met his eye, what must have been his feelings, where he had lived with the proud and beautiful Anne, in his chambers of luxury? The dwelling was still there, but no one, in the bowed, the humbled, and suffering man, recognized the once admired and beloved Kiernander. The few who would still have soothed his desertion, had gone down to the grave; Clive At last he found a rehad perished by his own hand. lative of one of his wives, who opened his door to him. In the following spring, when in the eighty-eighth year of his age, rising from his chair too suddenly, he fell, and broke his thigh, and lingered long in agony. If any man had ever cause to pray to be allowed to depart in peace, it was Kiernander. Did no one remember, of the wealthy and the devout, that the noble church in which they weekly worshipped was raised by the man who was lingering, hard by, in torture and desertion. The dwelling in which he was received, had few comforts; for the circumstances of the inmates were narrow, and they had six children: they probably regarded their aged guest as a burden. The Rev. David Brown, the chaplain at Calcutta, and a few others, visited him at times, in order to comfort him with their counsel. But Kiernander had higher comfort: it was not the will of God to give bitterness of heart in the midst of such exquisite misery-his cup was full-and the hand that had so long chastened, now poured into his spirit the richest consolation, the brightest hope. And what counsel could his visitors offer to this man of nearly a century compared to the stores which his strange and chequered life had laid up? Even now, his mind was in all its vigour; it was sad, yet beautiful, to sit at his bed-side, and hear him tell how he had suffered; how he had known all that love, or riches, or learning could give to man-and that now he was going home to his rest.

The town of Serampore, where he had once laboured, was but a few miles distant, a beautifully clean and quiet little town; and he loved to go there at times, for he found a few to whom he had been useful in his earlier days, who had He spoke also of Akstad, in Sweden, his dear native not forgotten him; they said that they had once been bles- place! he blessed the hour when he first left it, to labour sed under his ministry, that it had first called them to God. in the cause of heaven. "My heart is full, but my hand is Kiernander was deeply moved at the words that were to him weak," writes the dying man, in one of his last letters to his inexpressibly sweet. It was not the voice of the world; it distant land, "the world is yet the same; there are many could not be false! There were many lovely spots around cold friends; others like broken reeds: but God makes the the banks of the Hoogly, for they were well cultivated, and heaviest burden light and easy: 1 rejoice to see the poor laid out in fields and plantations, among which were the mission prosper; this comforts me amidst all." He then ancient woods, as yet unfelled. At a small distance was goes on, with great clearness, to depict the then state of the French settlement of Chandernagore, to which the vic- India, and predicts, with singular accuracy, the extension tories of Clive had brought decay; all spoke of desolation of the British power through every part of the empire:large and lofty houses nearly deserted, and warehouses" When I first landed, sixty years ago, there was not any half empty. From the forsaken monastery the priests had taken flight; the scenery around was wild and impressive -silent ghauts, deep and lone ravines. The residence of the former governors, a superb house, was a lesson to put no trust in prosperity; fragments of doors and windows. The roof of what was the music-room, and that of the banqueting room beneath, had fallen in; and the sun-light, falling fiercely on the faded colours on the walls, shewed that they were once decorated with taste. The venerable missionary, on whose head so many storms had beat, now turned his thoughts and desires towards that world, where the heartless and the proud can trouble no more. From this last resting-place he was rudely thrust forth. 1795, war was declared by the English against

In

the

more than a little territory, or small tract of land, of about
four or five square English miles, at each settlement of Cal-
cutta, Madras, and Bombay. The time will come, when
the whole English nation will unite in a general society to
send the gospel to the East Indies.
This will give the
firmest stability to the British possession in the East."
Such were his last thoughts and words: his remains were
deposited in the same grave with those of his second wife,
Anne: this was strange, for Wendela Fischer had been his
first and strongest love, and his only child also slept in her
tomb. The funeral procession was slender, that wound its
way through the cemetery; through his own cemetery, his
own groves of trees! His name is almost forgotten. This
is a great and cruel injustice: let his errors, but not his

memory, pass away. High talents and endowments are of receive company; but, as if spell-bound, she was unable to little avail in a missionary, without consistency of charac-move or speak. The carriage approached, and as it arrived ter. But we should not forget that he lavished his wealth within a few yards of the window, she saw the figures of in the cause, and impoverished himself to rear a beautiful the postilions and the persons inside take the ghastly aptemple for his fellow Christians: for sixty years he sought pearance of skeletons and other hideous figures. The whole the good of others; and founded the mission and the church then vanished entirely, when she uttered the above-menat Calcutta, where they have since known such power and tioned exclamation. splendour. After expending twelve thousand pounds on this object, he left it for ever, and wandered to Chinsura, with a EUROPEAN SHEEP.-Nearly every country in Europe has its pittance of forty pounds, supplied by those he had so bene- own race of sheep. Those again are subdivided into peculiar fited. He went with tears, but without complaining, to varieties, arising from difference of climate, food, treatment, and intermixture. European sheep vary considerably in size and be a pastor to strangers; It was like the going forth of form; but the most important difference is in the quantity and Lot, when all his possessions had perished; but by Kier-quality of the wool, it being thin in some, dense in others, nander's side was no companion, no comforter. Let it be remembered, how many he called to knowledge and peace -from how many hearts he drew the sorrows, that were darkly poured into his own!-Abridged from Carne's Lives of Missionaries.

SPECTRAL ILLUSION.

THE following is one of the most remarkable of the ghost stories in Sir David Brewster's late book :-On the 30th of December, about four o'clock in the afternoon, Mrs. A. came down stairs into the drawing-room, which she had quitted only a few minutes before, and on entering the room, she saw her husband, as she supposed, standing with his back to the fire. As he had gone out to take a walk about half an hour before, she was surprised to see him there, and asked him why he had returned so soon. The figure looked steadfastly at her, with a serious and thoughtful expression of countenance, but did not speak.-Supposing that his mind was absorbed in thought, she sat down in an arm-chair near the fire, and within two feet at most of the figure, which she still saw standing before her. As its eyes, however, still continued to be fixed upon her, she said, after the lapse of a few minutes, "Why don't you speak, -?" The figure immediately moved off towards the window at the farther end of the room, with its eyes still gazing on her, and it passed so very close to her in doing so, that she was struck by the circumstance of hearing no step nor sound, nor feeling her clothes brushed against, nor even any agitation in the air. Although she was now convinced that the figure was not her husband, yet she never for a moment supposed that it was any thing supernatural, and was soon convinced that it was a spectral illusion. About a month after this occurrence, Mrs. A., who had taken a somewhat fatiguing drive during the day, was preparing to go to bed, about eleven o'clock at night, and, sitting before the dressing-glass, was occupied in arranging her hair. She was in a listless and drowsy state of mind, but fully awake. When her fingers were in active motion among the papillotes, she was suddenly startled by seeing in the mirror, the figure of a near relation, who was then in Scotland, and in perfect health. The apparition appeared over her left shoulder, and its eyes met hers in the glass. It was enveloped in grave-clothes, closely pinned, as is usual with corpses, round the head, and under the chin, and though the eyes were open, the features were solemn and rigid. The dress was evidently a shroud, as Mrs. A. remarked even the punctured pattern usually worked in a peculiar manner round the edges of that garment. Mrs. A. described herself as at the time sensible of a feeling like what we conceive of fascination, compelling her for a time to gaze on this melancholy apparition, which was as distinct and vivid as any reflected reality could be, the light of the candles upon the dressing-table appearing to shine full upon its face. After a few minutes, she turned round to look for the reality of the form over her shoulder; but it was not visible, and it had also disappeared from the glass when she looked again in that direction. On the 26th of the same month, about two P. M., Mrs. A. was sitting in a chair by the window in the same room with her husband. He heard her exclaim, "What have 1 seen?" And on looking on her, he observed a strange expression in her eyes and countenance. A carriage and four had appeared to her to be driving up the entrance-road to the house. it approached, she felt inclined to go up stairs to prepare to

As

coarse or fine, more or less elastic, &c. &c. Of the German
sheep there are the following varieties:-The Friesland, about
three feet high and four in length, producing a coarse wool
about four or five inches long. It yields two lambs in the year,
is strong, and endures winter even in the open air. It is found
in the marshes of Schleswick near Husum, in Friesland, in the
environs of Bremen, in Holland, &c. and if put upon inferior
pasture, soon degenerates and becomes smaller. The Eyder-
stædt, which is somewhat smaller, having long wool on the
back, and very short hairs on the belly and thighs. The Suabia,
also termed Zaubelschaaf, found in different parts of Suabia and
Franconia. It is small, lambs twice yearly, and produces about
two pounds of fine wool, like flock silk. It is soon affected by
the wet. The Heather sheep, also called Heid-chnucke, one of
the smallest kinds, found on the heath of Lunebourg, in the
environs of Bremen, and the Mark. It is commonly horned,
with black face and legs, and has a lively, wild disposition. It
is clipped twice a-year, yielding each time about a pound and a
half of long, coarse wool. This method of twice clipping has
been generally adopted in large flocks, amongst sheep bearing a
secondary quality of wool. The Spiegelschafe, found in Meck-
linburg, Franconia, &c., with a blue woolly ring round the
eyes, may be considered a species of Gerinan sheep, produced
by intermixture. The Polish sheep resembles the German
The Danish is distinguished by a
sheep in size and wool.
coarse, mingled with stiff hairs. The Norwegian is said to be
smooth head, erect ears, and wild disposition. The wool is
a description of it, but improved by a cross with the English
and Spanish. The Swedish, a cross breed of the Spanish, has
lately been much improved. It had originally but little wool,
and that of a coarse quality. The Belgian, Flemish, and Flan-
ders sheep are nearly five feet in length, and weigh about two
cwt. They originally came from the East Indies, and are re-
markable for fecundity, producing several lambs in the year.
The wool is middling. The Dutch sheep are a species of them.
The Hungarian sheep, like the Moldavian, have a very long,
coarse and inferior wool, and the flesh is very fat and unpalat-
able.

Haste! havoc's torch begins to glow,
The ending is begun ;

Make haste, destruction thinks ye slow;
Make haste to be undone !

Why are ye called "My Lord" and "Squire,"
While fed by mine and me;

And wringing food, and clothes, and fire,'
From bread-taxed misery?

Make haste, slow rogues! prohibit trade,
Prohibit honest gain ;

Turn all the good that God hath made
To fear, and hate, and pain:
Till beggars all, assassins all,
All cannibals we be,

And death shall have no funeral
From shipless sea to sea.

PRESENT STATE OF THE SCOTCH TENANTRY. (Continued from No. 11.)

riage, or of testaments, has become rare. Exhilarating social
amusements are dispensed with. The occupation of the dis-
triet fiddler or piper is nearly gone."
The next communication is from Perthshire, and applies to
a large proportion of that county, including great part of the
Carse of Gowrie. "The condition of farms, both of grain and
stock farms, is in general very bad. The farms are in most
instances rack rented, and as the greater part of the landlords,
are, from poverty, unable to give permanent abatements, one set
of tenants is generally rouped off, and the land taken by another
set, at as high reats." The soil is certainly deteriorating by
severe cropping, the best farmers generally agreeing that
grain of the weight which formerly grew, is not now pro
The rents are paid with the utmost difficulty,
and in all estates of any size, the arrears are heavy. The
condition of the landed proprietors, is in general far from
good, their estates being in most instances heavily bur-
dened. The condition of proprietors under L.3000 per au-
num, especially when their estates are entailed, is miserable."-
The prospects of landlords and tenants are far from being flat-
tering. In stock farms, the tenants cannot make a living from
the very inadequate prices, received from cattle, sheep, and
wool. In grain farms, matters are as bad. In 1831, the crop
of wheat was barely an average one. In 1827, 28, 29, 30,
the wheat crop was a complete failure, chiefly occasioned by
the ravages of a grub or worm, and in each of these years, the
produce did not exceed 3 or 4 bolls per acre.
In 1880, pota-
toes were a most abundant crop, and sold from 11s. to 14s. per
boll. The consequence of this was, that in 1831, a much
larger quantity was planted, and they are now selling at from
4s. to 5s. a boll.

From Roxburghshire it is stated, rents are paid with difficulty. No one is saving money, and the style of living has become very economical? "Abatements have not been given generally within the last five years, though one great proprietor, and one or two smaller proprietors have given abatements. In the former case, 20 per cent. was given on arable farms, 25 on stock." In Fife, the tenantry have been much benefited of late years by the great quantities of potatoes they have sold for the London Market. But, "generally speaking, the tenants are in arrear of rent, and these arrears are in many instances considerable." "The present prices of agricultural produce do not permit the farmers to expend money in improvements, and therefore the soil must be deteriorating.'

FROM the facts we have previously stated in our two former numbers, the inference is obvious, that the greatest distress must necessarily exist among the tenantry, and among those proprietors who have been accustomed to live to the full extent of their incomes during the war. From all the information we can obtain, after extensive inquiries and personal observation, we are convinced we do not exaggerate when we say that two-thirds of the farming capital of Scotland has been lost within the last fifteen years. So little attention has been paid to statistics in this country, that any estimate of the capital, in any employment, must necessarily be vague; but after examining such data as can be easily procured, we think the farm-duced. ing capital of Scotland, in 1813, may be moderately taken at 60 millions sterling, 40 millions of which we conceive has since been lost. To those who have not paid much attention to such subjects, so great a loss may appear incredible; but when it is considered that upwards of 11 years ago, it is proved by the evidence of the numerous witnesses examined before the committee of the House of Commons, that great part of the agricul tural capital had then been lost, that the soil was rapidly deteriorating from the diminution of the stock of cattle kept on the farms, and that after that period, the value of agricultural produce sunk very considerably, and that there has hardly been a single year in which any profit could have been made, it will appear that the present depression of agriculture has not been exaggerated. The same causes which affect agriculture in England, must affect it in Scotland. Mr. John Ellman, junior, a very intelligent witness, who possessed extensive farms near Lewes, stated, "I am sure, taking the county of Sussex through, one-half of the farming capital is lost, and this is the case in the majority of counties." A writer in the Quarterly Review in 1829, (vol. 37. p. 426,) asserts, "from personal experience, that within 10 years one-fourth of the occupiers of the land in England have been completely ruined, and the remainder have lost a moiety of their property. In Essex, lands which formerly brought three guineas an acre, a very high rent in England, have been offered on a lease of five years without rent, under a restricted system of cultivation, as they have been completely exhausted by letting them for high rents on short leases. From extensive inquiries which we have made in Scotland, we may venture to say, that agriculture has not at any time been in a more depressed state, nor the prospects of landholders and tenants more gloomy. We shall subjoin a few extracts from the communi- In East-Lothian we have the authority of a gentleman whe cations we have received, and we regret our limits do not per-possesses an extensive farm, who has been engaged in agricul mit us to give them at greater length. The first relates to an ture in that county for the last thirty years, and who has paid, extensive district in the north, comprehending a large tract of during that period, the utmost attention to every thing connect farms, occupied in the rearing of sheep and cattle, as well as ed with rural affairs, for saying "that agricultural distress exists some of the best soil in Scotland for the production of wheat. in that county to an extent never before known." In all cases "The state of the tenantry is extremely unprosperous both in corn where the rents of farms let during the war has not been abated and pasture farms. Their credit is much lower than at any 30 per cent, he is of opinion, the rents could only have been former period of my recollection; and gloom, anxiety, and dis-paid from the tenant's capital. I have a list of several farms content, seem to pervade the whole body of the agricultural po- let lately in East Lothian, most of them for rents payable in pulation." "On pasture lands the arrears are of a very great grain, and converting their grain-rents into money, at the extent, indeed, amounting in some instances to more than one average fiar prices, for the last 10 years; the result is as folyear's rent, and in other instances, even where abatements have lows:-A. B. M. let in 1810, and rent converted into grain been allowed, to more than two years' rent. This statement ap- in 1822. Present rent 44 per cent under that of 1810, plies to the higher, as well as to the lower class of tenents." and 21 per cent under that of 1822. J. C. let in 1811, Abatements of rent have been very generally, and indeed it at L.1100; now, at L.750; fall, 32 per cent. S. D. let may be said, universally demanded, but on corn farms, it is but in 1811 at L.6, 11s. per acre; now, at L.4, 11. B, Fall in few instances they have been allowed." "Most of the landon present rent, compared with that of 1814, 33 per cent. lords are in difficulties and embarrassments." In sheep farms, K, fall since 1821, 30 per cent. R, fall in same period, 12 per "abatements have been almost universally granted to the extent cent, though the last tenant laid out L. 1500. immediately be of 25 or 30 per cent. of the rents paid five or six years ago, but the tenants are still unable to pay their rents." Some pasture farms have been let at a reduction of 40 per cent. There is a more than usual number of farms in the market, especially of pasture farms." The ordinary rent of corn land in the district, is 40s. an acre, but the general opinion of intelligent farmers is, that it cannot be cultivated with ordinary profit, if more than 30s. be paid for it. Farms let lately upon a grain rent, have only brought about 30s. "It is only in very few instances extensive improvements are now made by tenants.' It is understood that the landlords in general are in difficulties, and some of them under trust. This remark applies to the higher, as well as lower class of proprietors. "The number of youths, children of tacksmen, attending the superior seminaries of education, has greatly diminished,-some boarding schools hive ceased to exist. The difficulty of obtaining payment of shop accounts and professional charges has greatly increased. The consumption among the tenantry of tea, sugar, and of all articles which may be deemed luxuries, is falling off. There being little property to dispose of, the drawing of contracts of mar

"

fore his removal.

39

made out by a practical farmer, on whose accuracy we have the
We are in possession of a detailed statement,
utmost reliance, in order to show the value of land in this
county, from 1822 to 1832, compared with the value from
1805 to 1815, being the last 10 years of the war. The average
value of the grain is taken from the second fiars of the county,
for the respective periods, and that of other produce at the ordi
nary prices. A farm is taken, of 360 Scotch acres, of good
land, fully improved, and consisting of equal proportions of
clay and turnip soil. The former is supposed to be cropped in
a six, and the latter in a four course rotation. The quantity of
produce is assumed to have been equal at both periods, and the
following are the results:-
Value of produce deducting seed
Expense of Cultivation
Rent one quarter of Wheat
Interest of money and profit on
tenants. Capital-say L.3600,
and for superintending farm.

War. L.3285 1498

Peace. L.2297 1041

360

160

It thus appears that even when the rent is paid in grain, and

ROYAL APPRECIATION OF GENIUS.-The Globe says"Sir Walter Scott obtained his baronetcy shortly after the accession of George IV., who paid literature the high compliment of bestowing upon one of its principal living ornaments the first creation of title by the monarch." That is, George IV. paid literature the high compliment of bestowing upon one of its principal ornaments, the title which is the lowest but one in the scale. He might, to be sure, have made him a knight-that would have been lower yet, and lowest; but he was graciously pleased to think the highest genius deserving of a trumpery baronetcy. It is not thus that they honour their tools and panders. The successful direction of force in human butchery, no matter how doubtful or bad the cause, is rewarded with a peerage. The man who has delighted millions existing, and will delight millions yet to be, has the same guerdon as the king's purveyor of gossip, or which any vain booby may purchase for a few bundreds. Jenner, who has prevented more mischief than any king or lord in history ever perpetrated, goes down to a grateful posterity without an addition to his name. It is well that it should be so-royalty has nothing to do with the real services to mankind-let it keep to the rewards of the coarse arts of force, and court parasites, and political prostitutes;-but it is significant to remark how princes do rate the claims of the ornaments or benefactors of the world, when they give them a place in the scale of honours. We have their standard of desert. There is, however, a consistency in it. Kings, who find themselves kings without desert, bestow titles as they bave received the power of conferring them. It were a reflection on their own state to distribute titles

according to merit, for men's minds would thus be led up to examine the pretensions of the prime pageant. Policy, therefore, directs that the toys should continue to be given to those who could not obtain distinction of any but an infamous kind without them: they are unworthy of men of letters and science, whose honours are in the reverence of mankind, and celebrity in after ages.-Exa

miner.

ROOKS AND CHOLERA.-A curious circumstance is men

GOLD-In Ireland, county of Wicklow, seven miles west of Arklow, about the year 1770, there was an old schoolmaster, who used frequently to entertain his neighbours with accounts of the richness of their valley in gold; and his practice was to go out in the night to search for the treasure. For this he was generally accounted insane. But in some years after, bits of gold were found in a mountain stream, by various persons; and, in 1796, a piece weighing about half an ounce. The news of this having circulated amongst the peasantry, such an infatua tion took possession of the minds of the people, that every other sort of employment, save that of acquiring wealth by the short process of picking it up out of the streams, was abandoned; and hundreds of human figures were to be seen bending over the waters, and scrutinizing every object there to be seen. In this way, during six weeks, no less than 800 ounces of gold were found, which sold for L.3, 15s. per ounce, or L.3000. Most of the gold was found in grains; many pieces weighed between two and three ounces; there was one of 5 ounces, and one of 22. It contained about 6 per cent of silver. Government soon undertook the works; but the amount of gold found, while superintended by the appointed directors, was only L.3671. It then appeared that there was no regular vein in the mountain, and that these fragments had probably existed in a part of the mountain which time had mouldered away, and which left existence. The works were at a length discontinued.—Lardits more permanent treasure as the only monument of its ancient ner's Cabinet Cyclopædia.

of

A VULGAR FELLOW WHO HAS ACQUIRED GREAT WEALTH BY THE ACCIDENT OF BIRTH OR SITUATION.-We mean eɑmmercial accidents of situation, as well as others. In Lancashire, as in other manufacturing districts, men of great wealth, by the possession of a place which, by mere accident, is in the way a commercial current or demand. These men are generally arrogant and purse- proud in proportion to their ignorance. At a dinner where one of these worthies, an aspirant to public honMelbourne, was present, some one mentioned the names of Ho ours, and the holder of an office under the appointment of Lord mer and Virgil. "Homer and Virgil ?" said he; "Homer and Virgil! I never heard the name of that firm before. Is their credit good?"-Examiner.

&c. He had spent much time in attempting to accomplish his object, and after 30 years' trial, had succeeded. It was intended not to exceed five horses' power, and the price would be depend

STEAM ENGINE FOR AGRICULTURAL PURPOSES.-At & meeting of the Manchester Agricultural Society, held lately, the model of a steam engine, recently invented by Mr. Gough, of Manchester, applicable to agricultural purposes, was exhibit ed upon the table. At the close of the proceedings Mr. Gough tioned connected with the appearance of the cholera at explained the nature of it, and the objects for which it was in tended. The engine was not projected to supersede the labour Sligo. "In the demesne of the Marquis of Sligo, near of men, but to assist and relieve them in the drudgery of their Westport House, there is one of the largest rookeries in the occupation. It was capable of raising water, draining land, west of Ireland. On the first or second day of the appear-washing roots and preparing them for cattle, cleaning of vessels, ance of cholera in this place, I was astonished to observe that all the rooks had disappeared; and for three weeks, during which the disease raged violently, those noisy tenants of the trees completely deserted their lofty habitations. In the mean time, the revenue police found immense numbers of them lying dead upon the shore, near Erris, about ten miles distant. Upon the decline of the malady, within the last few days, several of the old birds have again appeared in the neighbourhood of the rookery; but some of them seemed unable, from exhaustion, to reach their nests." A similar departure of the crows and other birds has been observed at the town of Kampen in Holland, and their return when the disease began to abate. If this be not a merely accidental coincidence, it would seem to put the theory of atmospherical influence beyond dispute.

CHRONOMETERS.-Lately terminated the ninth annual trial of skill of the numerous artists employed in the construction of chronometers. The prizes were awarded to three makers in London. The actual error on any of their rates during the year did not amount to one second of time, -a degree of accuracy unprecedented in three chronometers in former trials. So perfectly were they adjusted, that either would have enabled a mariner to navigate a vessel round the world with less than one mile of error in longitude at the close of such voyage.

In the time of the consulate in France, Napoleon, by a word, described the characters of the three consuls. Do you wish to dine badly, go to Le Brun; do you wish to dine well, go to Cambaceres; do you wish to dine rapidly, come to me. Le Brun was a miser, Cambaceres a glutton; and what Bonaparte was all the world knows.-Le Cercle.

ant on the amount of power.

ON LYNDHURST." Point d'argent,-point de Suisse."-
No lucre-no Lyndhurst (free translation.)
Lyndhurst will never use his tongue

Unless with cash the Tories deck him;
So, if they wish him to go on,

Their only method is to cheque bim.

Part III. of the SCHOOLMASTER, containing the four October Num bers, with JOHSTONE'S POLITICAL REGISTER, may now be had of all the Booksellers and Venders of Cheap Periodicals, price

Eightpence.

CONTENTS OF NO. XIV.

Places of Public Worship in Edinburgh,..
NOTES OF THE MONTH,..

BOOKS OF THE MONTH,....................................
Dr. Chalmers,...

SCIENTIFIC NOTICES,......
To the Neutrals,.......
ELEMENTS OF THOUGHT,....
MEDICAL SELECTIONS,...
USEFUL NOTICES,...........................

Evening Wind,.......

209

211

ib

212

214

215

216

ib.

ib.

ib.

919

THE STORY-TELLER-John Kiernander; or, the Deceitfulness of Riches,...

Spectral Illusion,...

Caged Rats,...

Present State of the Scottish Tenantry,
SCRAPS-Original and Selected,..

EDINBURGH: Printed by and for JOHN JOUNSTONE, 19, St. James'
Bridge Street, Edinburgh; by JOHN MACLEOD, and ATKINSON & Co.
Square.-Published by JoHN ANDERSON, Jun., Bookseller, 55, North
Booksellers, Glasgow; and sold by all Booksellers and Venders of

Cheap Periodicals.