measures to which the learned author must resort to maintain his position, among the most reprehensible of which is his readiness to throw out from the text, independent of all manuscript authority, everything which does not square with his views.

OUTLINES OF SPECIAL INTRODUCTION TO THE BOOKS OF THE OLD TESTAMENT. With an Introductory Statement upon Old Testament Philology. By Rev. J. G. LANSING, D.D., Gardner A. Sage Professor of Old Testament Languages and Exegesis in the Theological Seminary at New Brunswick, N. J., and author of "An Arabic Manual," "Outlines of Old Testament Archæology," etc. Pp. 236. New Brunswick, N. J.: J. Heidingsfeld. 1897.

This book furnishes a very convenient and comprehensive guide to the subject treated. It is prepared from the conservative point of view, and is specially full in its treatment of the mooted questions in Old Testament criticism. All things considered, it is the best book of its kind that has fallen under our notice.

THE PROVIDENTIAL ORDER OF THE WORLD. By ALEXANDER BALMAIN BRUCE, D.D., Professor of Apologetics and New Testament Exegesis in the Free Church College, Glasgow. Pp. 346. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. $2.00.

In this course of Gifford Lectures delivered in Glasgow in 1897, the reader will find one of the most helpful and interesting specimens of apologetic literature which have appeared for some time. When Dr. Bruce addresses popular audiences, his great learning, his profound philosophical conceptions, and his rare literary ability all combine to make a most attractive compound.

The central points of discussion in the volume are "Man's Place in the Universe," "The Worth of Life," "The Power Making for Righteousness," and "The Providential Methods manifest in the World." Accepting in the main the theory of evolution, the author emphasizes its theistic character, holding both to the immanence and the transcendence of the Deity. In his view the doctrine of evolution adds dignity to man by exalting him to be the goal towards which all created activities tend.

The closing chapter presents the nobility of man as illustrated in the adaptability of sacrifice to minister to the high moral capacities of the soul. AMERICAN HISTORY TOLD BY CONTEMPORARIES. Vol. I. ERA OF COLONIZATION, 1492-1689. Edited by ALBERT BUSHNELL HART, Professor of History in Harvard University; Member of the Massachusetts Historical Society; author of " Formation of the Union," Epoch Maps,' "Practical Essays,' etc. Pp. xviii, 606. New York: The Macmillan Co. 1897. $2.00.

Both Dr. Hart and the publishers of this comprehensive and elegantly printed volume are conferring a great favor upon the reading public; since the volume places within their reach no less than a hundred and fifty-seven of the original documents pertaining to the early history of

America. It is thus a library in itself. Thirty of the documents relate to discovery and early voyages, fourteen to conditions of colonization in general, thirty to the Southern Colonies, sixty to New England, and twenty-two to the Middle Colonies. The volume is prefaced by twentyseven pages of admirable editorial notes upon the character and use of original sources of history.

THE BIRTH AND BOYHOOD OF JESUS. By GEO. F. PENTECOST, D.D. Pp. 400. New York: American Tract Society. $1.75.

A stimulating, orthodox, and scholarly series of sermons upon themes now much under discussion. The perusal of them is a great relief after wading through the hazy, Hegelian literature of the subject which is doing so much to darken "counsel by words without knowledge."

A HISTORY OF ANTI-PEDOBAPTISM from the Rise of Pedobaptism to A.D. 1609. By ALBERT HENRY NEWMAN, D.D., LL.D., Professor of Church History in McMaster University, Toronto, Canada. Pp. xii, 414. Philadelphia: American Baptist Publication Society. $2.00.

In this volume Dr. Newman has given a refreshing example of the combination of thorough scholarship, judicial poise, and strength of conviction in the discussion of a highly controverted subject. In all respects the volume is worthy of high praise, and is a credit both to the author and to the Society which publishes it.

At the outset the author frankly concedes that infant baptism was the practice of the church very early in its history. Believing that adult baptism alone was practiced by the apostolic church, he confesses "that the churches of the post-apostolic age did not long remain faithful to apostolic precept and example in all respects" (p. 1). Very early the philosophies and theosophies of the East scattered their tares with the growing grain, and all grew together for many centuries. Among the most universal features of paganism was the belief in the efficacy of external rites. In leavening the vast mass of the Roman Empire, Christianity soon lost its purity both of doctrine and of practice. In becoming nominally the religion of Western Asia, Northern Africa, and of Europe, compromises were insensibly effected, from which total relief was not obtained by any branch of the church until the age of freedom of thought inaugurated by the Reformation of the sixteenth century. The history of the progress of these corrupting ideas, especially with reference to the true significance of baptism, is admirably presented by the author in his account of Gnostic and Ebionitic views, and of Montanism and Novatianism.

Not until the twelfth century, according to our author, was there any complete return to what he considers the apostolic practice; Peter de Bruys and Henry of Lausanne being the real leaders in that modern movement, the full strength of which is seen in the Baptist denomina

tion at the present time, with its tens of thousands of churches and its millions of enlightened and devoted adherents.

The story of the struggle is too long to be told in a review; the reader must be referred to the book itself, which is a model of literary style, as well as of orderly presentment of an interesting body of facts.

THE MODERN READER'S BIBLE. A Series of Works from the Sacred Scriptures presented in Modern Literary Form. Edited with Introduction and Notes. By RICHARD G. MOULTON, M.A. (Camb.), Ph.D. (Penn.), Professor of Literature in English in the University of Chicago. New York: The Macmillan Co. 50 cents. SELECT MASTERPIECES OF BIBLICAL LITERATURE. Pp. xx, 272. DANIEL AND THE MINOR PROPHETS. Pp. xii, 279.

The Modern Reader's Bible, though almost utterly devoid of notes, is one of the best commentaries in existence. It is a reproduction of the Bible in ordinary literary form; so that at a glance the eye discerns the limits of prose and poetry in the various books. To most readers the interest of the book can but be greatly enhanced by having it thus presented according to ordinary literary standards.

The "Biblical Masterpieces" is convenient, but not so impressive as the other portions of the Series, since the beauties of the Bible, like those of the flowers of the field, lose much by being removed from their natural surroundings. The Bible as a whole is the great masterpiece, and each part appears at best advantage in its original setting.

This whole series of Dr. Moulton is a powerful ally to conservative criticism. From beginning to end it assumes the historical character of the main portions of Scripture, and does not readily lend itself to the conceits of destructive criticism.

THE BAPTIST PRINCIPLE in Application to Baptism and the Lord's Sapper. By WILLIAM CLEAVER WILKINSON, D. D. New and Enlarged Edition. Pp. xxii, 344. Philadelphia: American Baptist Publication Society. $1.25.

Those who speak contemptuously of the Baptist principle of close communion will find from the reading of this volume that it is not with them by any means merely a superstitious prejudice. The practice of close communion Baptist churches is the result of reverential and logical interpretation of the Scripture. If their premises and reasoning concerning the emphasis laid upon adult immersion are correct, the grounds for their practice are unassailable. The two great duties of the Christian are to obey and to teach. If adult immersion is as positively required in the Scriptures as Baptists maintain it to be, then close communion is one of those means of propagating the truth which can be omitted only at the peril of great loss. As a clear, forcible, and really authoritative statement of the Baptist principle, this volume stands without a rival.

THE OCCASIONAL ADDRESS: Its Composition and Literature. By LoRENZO SEARS, L. H. D., Professor in Brown University; author of "The History of Oratory from the Age of Pericles to the Present Time." Pp. xii, 342. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons. $1.25. This volume is highly to be commended to all who are in need of improving their literary style. The principles are clearly stated and amply illustrated from a wide range of reading. In fact, the volume itself is a most excellent object-lesson in the department to which it pertains.

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A BUNKER HILL FAILURE; or, A Failure that was a Victory. By ANNA F. BURNHAM, author of "Fussbudget's Folks," etc. Pp. 297.

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AFTER PENTECOST, WHAT? A Discussion of the Doctrine of the Holy Spirit in its Relation to Modern Christological Thought. By JAMES M. CAMPBELL, author of "Unto the Uttermost" and "The Indwelling Pp. 298. $1.00;—THE INVESTMENT OF INFLUENCE: A Study of Social Sympathy and Service. By NEWELL DWIGHT HILLIS, author of "A Man's Value to Society," "Foretokens of Immortality," etc. Pp. 299. $1.25; THE CULTURE OF CHRISTIAN MANHOOD. Sunday Mornings in Battell Chapel, Yale University. Edited by WILLIAM H. SALLMON. With Portraits of Authors. Pp. 309. $1.50;-BIBLE STUDY BY DOCTRINES. Twenty-four Studies of Great Doctrines. Ey Rev. HENRY T. SELL, A.M., author of "Supplemental Bible Studies," and "Bible Study by Books." Pp. 152. 50 cents;-A LIFE FOR A LIFE, and Other Addresses. By Professor HENRY DRUMMOND, F.R.S.E., F.G.S. With a Tribute by D. L. MOODY. Pp. 74. 25 cents.

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PRINCIPLES OF VOCAL EXPRESSION. Being a Revision of the Rhetoric of Vocal Expression. By WM. B. CHAMBERLAIN, A. M., of the Chicago Theological Seminary. Together with Mental Technique and Literary Interpretation. By S. H. CLARK, Ph.B., of the University of Chicago. Pp. xix, 479. $1.50; THE HISTORY OF ORATORY FROM THE AGE OF PERICLES TO THE PRESENT TIME. BY LORENZO SEARS, L.H.D., Professor in Brown University. Pp. 440.