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many histories of the Franco-German War. Posses-ing unusual facilities for the manufacture of works of an illustrated character, the publishers have availed themselves of the many thrilling incidents of the struggle to introduce a variety of sketches and drawings, which give increased interest to the narrative.

Plans of the invested cities, maps of the scenes of engagement and encounter, and numberless picturesque views-all of which are well executed-embellish the work; while a series of portraits of the prominent officers engaged in the war, which seem not only to be artistically drawn but to be good likenesses, add further interest to the book. The narrative, which in the volume before us, comes down to the close of 1870, is well written; while much of the graphic writing of the special correspondents of the English and continental press-particularly the despatches of Dr. Russell of the Times and Mr. Archibald Forbes of the Daily News, appears in the work.

Though the intense excitement and thrilling interest manifested in the events of the struggle, during the period of the war, has passed away; still, no doubt, this work will be eager y turned to; and as a fair history of the unhappy struggle, we dare say the book before us will be found important and satisfactory.

LECTURES ON THE HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF

SCOTLAND, delivered in Edinburgh, in 1872. By Arthur Penrhyn Stanley, D. D., Dean of Westminister, corresponding member of the Institute of France. New York: Scribner, Armstrong & Co. THREE LECTURES ON THE CHURCH OF SCOTLAND, with a special reference to the Dean of Westminster's recent course on that subject, delivered in the Music Hall on the 24th, 26th and 31st of January, 1872. By Robert Rainy, D. D. Edinburgh: John Maclaren.

The Dean of Westminster has been trying to tickle a very wary trout, and apparently with very imperfect success. Under colour of giving a course of lectures on the History of the Church of Scotland, he has attempted to persuade the Scotch that their opposition to Prelacy arises from a historical illusion; that their peculiar code of doctrine is merely an accident; and that they had much better think no more of these trivial and obsolete causes of division, but unite with the Episcopal Church, of which the Dean is an eminent member, and carry into effect his theory of universal comprehension. Dr. Arnold, of whom the Dean is the leading disciple, was an advocate for a national church, in which he hoped to comprehend all sects of Christians, except posssibly the Roman Catholics. His mind, in all his political and ecclesiastical speculations, was greatly under the influence of classical antiquity, of which he was an enthusiastic student, and which presented to him the type of a state religion, and a perfect identification of Church and State. Others have regarde 1 the separation of the spiritual from the temporal power as the great work of Christianity, and its most impor ant contribution to the progress of civilization; but Dr. Arnold held the opposite opinion, and wished to revert to what is generally considered a rudimentary condition of society. Dean Stanley goes even beyond his master.

With

him the identification of State and Church, or rather the subordination of the Church to the State, appears to be the one article of faith. He is not only the most thorough-going of Erastians, but to all appearances, he is an Erastian and nothing else. His comprehensiveness in doctrinal matters is literally without limit. Everything, from ultra Latitudina rianism to ultra Ritualism, is welcome to his religious communion, provided it will only submit to the supremacy of the state and the judgment of the Privy Council. All differences of belief he seems to regard as trivial, and all struggles about differences of belief as mere fanaticism, lamentably interfering with the one vital object-union under state supremacy. As Dr. Rainy says, in answer to some of the Dean's gentle insinuations that the Scotch martyrdoms were magnificent absurdities: "What I cannot but ask is this-what is that thing, what is that doctrinal truth, in behalf of which the Dean's conscience, according to his present lights, would lead him to think that people ought to undergo martyrdom, and might do so without absurdity? Where would he draw the line and make a stand? I declare most seriously I don't know. I have not the least idea. I don't see how any one can draw an inference or hazard a guess upon the subject. The Dean appears to me to be wonderfully able to hold both sides on most theological questions. Judging from the intense ardour of his demonstrations during the last three years, I have a kind of impression, but I Erastianism a man might lay down his life joyfully am not sure, that in his judgment, in behalf of at the scaffold or the stake. If not for that, then I am at an utter loss."

The Dean is a man of remarkable intellectual gifts, as well as of the most amiable moral qualities. He has extraordinary range of historical sympathy and an extraordinary eye for the picturesque in But his history, both secular and ecclesiastical. power of understanding a deep religious movement is far more limited. He likes the salient characters and striking forms which such a movement produces, and accepts them as agreeable additions to his museum of ecclesiastical history. But if Luther and Loyola are equally picturesque, he likes Loyola about as well as Luther. Ritualism is to him a new and gorgeous specimen which it would be a thousand pities not to accept. He cannot enter into the narrow objections of Protestant members of the Church of England, who are disconcerted by the introduction of what to them is a false miracle into their worship of God. As little can he enter into the desire of arriving at any definite conclusion on any doctrinal subject, or on any ecclesiastical subject whatever, except the one question of Erastianism. He likes to hold both sides of all questions, and this he regards as the height at once of Christian charity and of philosophy. He is surprised and scandalized when he encounters ordinary minds to which the difference between Transubstantiation and its opposite, or between Sacerdotalism and Antisacerdotalism is a serious matter: and when he finds that the mass of men would not care to maintain a church which was to be a mere organization without any definite creed, and teaching nothing except submission to the ecclesiastical courts. Why cannot people who hold opposite views as to the nature and sources of spiritual life, settle down comfortably together and unite in the one thing needful, the maintenance of an Established Church?

the inculcation of some definite rule of spiritual life.

His present lectures are interesting, as everything he writes on history is, in spite of his frequent fancifulness, from his almost passionate love of the He might, perhaps, have made a better point if he subject, and his power of realization. But they had thought of showing historically to how great an utterly fail to prove his peculiar point, and at the extent the various forms of ecclesiastical government hands of Dr. Rainy he meets, we should say, within the different Protestant States were the result of total discomfiture. He had endeavoured to show that political accident. Where the Reformation was made Presbyterianism and Prelacy, so far from being by the kings, episcopacy was retained, as being, wholly irreconcilable, had long co-existed amicably according to the well-known dictum of James I., in Scotland. But this is a mere historical mare's nest. most congenial to monarchy. Where the ReformaNominal bishops, abbots and friars, were kept on tion was made by the nobles and people, as in Scotfoot after the Reformation, with the consent of the land, in Holland, in Germany, in Switzerland, Reformers, not for religious but ostensibly for legal among the Huguenots in France, episcopacy was and constitutional purposes; really with a pecuniary abolished and some form of government more or object, the nobles wanting church lands and bene- less popular was adopted. When a thorough going fices to plunder, while the clergy hoped to save democracy came to the front, as in New England, something for the church. Afterwards, a rich epis- and in the old country under Cromwell, Congregacopacy was introduced by the Stuarts, but this episco- tionalism prevailed. Still, even when the Dean had pacy co-existed with Presbyterianism, not amicably, reduced all the forms of church government to polibut in a state of internecine conflict. Prelacy, as tical accidents, he would have to show cause why the Dr. Rainy well shows, was abhorred by the Scotch, Scotch should abandon their own political accident and is still rejected by them, not only as a form of and embrace his. church government to which they object, but because it always brought with it, and always will bring with it, a whole circle of doctrines and practices to which they have a still greater aversion. When the Dean insinuates that the rising against Charles and Laud was only a fuss about an "Amen," the answer is that if the "Amen" was Amen to the bringing in of Prelacy and the Liturgy, that, in Scotch eyes, was cause enough for the rising. Dean Stanley must know well the saying of Aristotle, that the occasions of revolutions are often small, while their causes are great. The Dean is not more happy in his attempts to accommodate historical characters, or groups of characters, to the object which he has in view. The "

Moderates," on whom he naturally fixes as the embodiment of his own sentiments, and whom he wishes to use as historical decoy ducks to bring over the more stiff-necked Presbyterians, were really not a religious party at all. They simply represented the influence of the eighteenth century, or a certain portion of the Scottish clergy, especially the more literary portion. They were, in fact, antiecclesiastical, and of some of them it would not be far from the truth to say that they had a strong affinity to scepticism. If" Jupiter Carlyle " had not been a minister, he would probably have found himself at the side of David Hume. Moreover the attitude of the Moderates towards the more fervent

high church, or as the Dean would call them “Hildebrandine" Presbyterians, was anything but one of comprehension. The Dean has inadvertently allowed the truth to peep out in recognizing as a valued, though erring friend, the Bloody Mackenzie, a man without convictions, who was ready to take up with any religion established by "the laws of his country," but who was the framer and administrator of sanguinary laws against religious zeal. Dean Stanley is equally unsuccessful in his attempt to present as moderates and mediators the leaders of the Episcopal Church in Scotland. Bishop Joly was a very good man, and a picturesque ecclesiastical specimen, but he very distinctly believed, and very stiffly maintained, that no one who was not in communion with the bishop of his diocese would be saved except through the uncovenanted mercies of God. Turn where the Dean will, he finds "Hildebrandines,' whose object in forming and maintaining churches is the propagation of some definite religious truth, and

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Presbyterianism answers by the mouth of Dr. Rainy with courtesy, but with force and with unmistakeable decision, bringing out, broadly and impress ively, the great distinctive objects of the Presbyterian Church, and the grounds on which it receives, and will continue to receive, the allegiance of the Scottish people. The hitting in the reply is sometimes pretty hard, but never rude or uncharitable. Finally the Dean is politely bowed back to his own establishment with something like a flea in his ear.

"Very well; we all know that a powerful tide is running in influential quarters in favour of a general relaxation of belief, and that is in favour of the Dean's design. Besides that, in another way the existing forces tend in the same direction. For the more that divisions of opinion multiply, the more temptation there is to men who value an establishment to widen the base indefinitely, as the natural policy for strengthening the institution. So that we can see how the Dean's views of what establishments ought to be and are, might receive conclusive and unanswerable verification. I am bound, however, to record my belief that there are many men in the established churches who repudiate all this, and remain where they are because they do not believe the Dean's theory. Meanwhile, he appeals to us, outside the establishment, not to be so unreasonable as to propose to pull down establishments which satisfy, in the way indicated, such aspirations as his own. Now I will make bold to answer this appeal on behalf to speak first of them-of nine-tenths of those whom the Dean has thus addressed, And I say that just in so far as the established churches corres pond to the Dean's ideal, and in so far as that be comes clear, we will most certainly join with all our might to pull them down. More than that, there are plenty of men in the established churches who, on that supposition, will overcome the temptation of their position, and come to help us. Churches of that kind, if they are to be called churches, are a moral nuisance, not to be tolerated for an hour. I mean churches in which the whole power, the whole means of attraction which the State can employ, is devoted to support the principle that the Church of Christ as such has no principle and no consciencehas no peremptory assertions to make, no distinct truth, and no distinct life to represent and embody to the world."

We have no doubt that Dr. Rainy's words are true, and will be verified by events, unless the Church of Christ is destined to sink into a modern counterpart of the Roman Establishment of augurs with their sacred fowls, a prop of political reaction and a

supplement to repressive police; in which case, she may or may not be a useful instrument of government, but she will hardly be the light or the life of the world.

LITERARY NOTES.

new edition of "Lyell's Principles of Geology,” as it has been recently revised by the author. The first volume, from stereotyped plates, has recently been published in New York (D. Appleton & Co.). It is scarcely necessary to call the attention of the student to this standard work. It will suffice to observe that five chapters of the tenth edition have been entirely re-cast, so as to connect the former work by the light of recent research, and to make it still the best standard text-book on the subject of geology. "The Orbs around us," is another scientific popular work, by R. A. Proctor. "Researches in Molecular Physics, by means of Radiant Heat," is by Prof. Tyndall; and "Town Geology," is a collection of a number of popular articles written for Good Words, by the Rev. Chas. Kingsley.

Dr. Macleod, whose death was abruptly announc ed by the cable, had just published his latest-his last work, "Characteristics," which had not reached Canada when we heard of his death. Ardently attached to the Scottish Establishment, he did not hesitate to protest against what he conceived to be its narrowness in creed or practice. His loss will be severely felt in his own Church, and it is deeply to be regretted by many friends in Canada, who had hoped during the summer to have heard his cheery voice and looked upon his genial face. Dr. Hook's "Life of Archbishop Parker," being vol. 9 of the "Lives of the Archbishops of Canterbury," though, strictly speaking, a biography, is properly a contribution to Church history: the period when Elizabeth was re-constructing the hierarchy urder the primacy of Parker was a most eventful one in the history of In Biography, two works only need be noticed-a the Church of England. The facts are faithfully life of Michael Faraday, by J. H. Gladstone, LL. D. stated by Dr. Hook, but as an Anglo-Catholic," he and "Goethe and Mendelssohn, 1821-31," containing is hampered by the ghost of apostolic succession. unpublished letters by both the friends, and edited "Esse and Posse, a comparison of Divine Eternal by Dr. Karl Mendelssohn, a son of the composer. In Laws and Powers, as severally indicated in Truth, the Department of History, we may mention a "HisFact and Record," by Mr. Braithwaite, M.A., Can- tory of Canada, under the French Régime, 1535tab., is another effort towards the reconciliation of 1763, by H. H. Miles." The work has not reached religion and science. We have had an Evangelical us, but if properly executed, it ought to be a valuapeer as an author in the Duke of Argyle; a Ration-ble compendium of the early history of this country, alistic one, the Duke of Somerset ; and now it ap- We do not know that "Thirty years in a Harem," pears we are to have a Roman Catholic in the per- can properly be called history, but the book is worth son of Lord Arundel, of Wardcur. His book is en- noting, if only because, after the number of pretentititled "Tradition, principally with reference to My-ous revelations we have had of the seraglio, this thology." Messrs T. & T. Clark, of Edinburgh, seems to be one written by a bona fide inmate announce two new volumes of the admirable series Madame Kabizli Mehemet Pasha. Col. Otto Corvin of translations, one of Origen contains a portion of his gives, from the German soil, an account of the invatreatise against Celsus, and another containing the sion of France, and Major Blume a narrative of Liturgies of the Ante-Nicene period. "The Desert operations from Sedan to the end of the war. On of the Exodus," by Rev. E. H. Palmer, M. A., (New the other side, we have "Eight Months on Duty," York: Harper Brothers), is properly a work of geo-by a young officer in Chanzy's army. It paints very graphical exploration, but it is also an illustrative commentary upon Holy Scripture. It ought to find a place in every library; it contains the results of a year's careful examination of the Arabian desert in the track of the wandering Hebrews. To the Biblical student it is extremely valuable, and it is much more interesting to the general reader than the majority of books of travel.

In the department of Science we have much pleasure in directing attention to "An Introduction to the Study of Biology, by H. Alleyne Nicholson, M.D., Professor of Natural History, Univ. College, Toronto." Dr. Nicholson's scientific manuals have the great merit of being comprehensive without being superficial; they always exhibit accurate knowledge, as established by the latest researches, and what is equally important, the rare faculty of bringing that knowledge within the understanding of the student. We have already directed attention to the

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feelingly the sufferings of the French people at the
hands of the invaders. Dr. Vaughan, Master of the
Temple, has contributed a preface to this volume.
In Geography and Travels it seems rather diffi-
cult to select-so great is the supply the summer
always brings with it. Capt. R. F. Burton announces
a new work "Unexplored Syria." Captain Butler
of H. M. 69th Regiment, who accompanied the
Red River Expedition, and afterwards made several
excursions up the Saskatchewan, is the author of a
work on the North-west, entitled "The Great Lone
Land." Saunterings." by Charles D. Warner,
(James R. Osgood & Co.,) is a very attractive book,
neatly got up for the pocket, and full of interesting
European travel-talk, infused with an agreeable spice
of American humour. Contrary to all precedent, the
very preface is amusing, we might almost say the
most amusing chapter in the book. Besides these
works the number of summer books is almost be-

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yond calculation. We have a doctor's book "Change of Air and Scene," directing the tourist to the Mediterranean, "Try Cracow and the Carpathians." New editions of Ball's Alpine Guides, to teach people how to break their necks, after the fashion of the day; "How to see Norway," "Ben Rhydding,' ""Knocking about in New Zealand," &c, &c. We mention "South Sea Bubbles," again (New York: Appleton & Co.,) to commend the cheap and well-printed American edition, and also to mention that the Eng-| lish Wesleyan organ, the Watchman has taken very just exception to the flippant manner in which the Earl of Pembroke speaks of the missionary labours in the South Seas. Why a nobleman, young and with strong animal spirits, should not have anything in common with missionaries, who disturb the halcyon days by preaching chastity to the " Voluptuous Tahitians." A young nobleman of twenty-two can hardly be expected to admire the rigidity in morals which, though quite proper in Belgravia, is, it seems, singularly out of place in the seductive atmosphere of "Society-Islandism." Methodism appears to be the bête noire of our young nobility; yet it seems strange that the Earl should have taken the London Missionary Society under his patronage, and reserved his censures for the Wesleyan body. The Doctor, who is said to be a brother of the Rev. Charles and Henry Kingsley, might have chastened the exuberant utterances of his companion, and repressed those unwarrantable attacks upon a religious denomination which has done so much to humanize and christianize mankind at home and abroad.

Mr. Buchanan has issued "Thomas Maitland's

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article on "The Fleshly School of Poetry," enlarged and improved in the form of a brochure. We have already referred to the article in question. The pamphlet has one peculiar merit, not designed by the author-it is a complete catalogue of all the passages in Mr. Rossetti's poems, which a prurient taste, assisted by Mr. Buchanan's commentary, might delight to feed upon. Like the edition of Martial in Byron's Don Juan "the proper parts," are severed

from their connection.

"They only add them all in an appendix,

Which saves in fact the trouble of an index." There is only this difference, that Mr. Buchanan scatters them, like sugar-plums, through the body of his work. Those of our readers who have not read Miréio, a Provençal Poem, by Frederic Mistral, (Boston: Roberts, Brothers,) ought, by all means to do so. The revival of a Provençal literature, however ephemeral it may prove to be, is of itself a phenomenon worthy of attention, and the poem before us, rich in the scenery of the silk-worm and mulberry country, possesses a freshness and a warmth which render this poem peculiarly attractive. The story is of a pure affection crossed by fortune. Another instance of what Edwin Arnold tells us, that "never was tale of human love which was not also tale of human woe. But the art of the poet has made the feeling of pain less intense by the lovely scenes of domestic life, and the spirited lyrics here and there dispersed through the poem. Miss Prescott, the translator, has accomplished her task well, and the publishers have embalmed this unique contribution to literature in a very handsome volume: the pages of which are bounded by a red border of the Oxford pattern. "The Days of Jezebel," by P. Bayne, B. A., and the fifth volume of Mr. Morris' "Earthly Paradise," (cheap edition) are worthy of mention.

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In Fiction, we have Ombra, by Mrs. Oliphant, on the whole, the best work she has yet written, The Golden Lion of Granpere, by Anthony Trollope and Septimius, a posthumous Romance, by Nathaniel Hawthorne, both of which have appeared serially in the magazines; and finally the fourth part of Middlemarch, by George Eliot-" Three Love Problems." The author of "John Halifax," contributes two excellent juvenile story-books, "Is it True?" and "The Adventures of a Brownie.”

We append a communication respecting Palmer's "Desert of the Exodus" above referred to PALMER'S DESERT OF THE EXODUS (London, 1872): and Niebuhr's Travels in Arabia written a century ago.

The latter work, of which I have only a Dutch translation (4to, Amsterdam, 1776) of the German

original, says of Kibroth Hattaavah :

"We were not a little astonished to find here, in the midst of the desert, a splendid Egyptian cememight not have seen the like in Egypt, where most tery, for so a European would call it, although he

of the ancient monuments are buried in the sand. We found a number of stones, some still upright, others fallen or broken, measuring from five to sever feet long, by one and a-half to two feet broad, and covered with Egyptian hieroglyphics. These could the building, (of which I give a sketch) only the not have been anything else than tombstones. Of walls remain. In it are many sculptured stones. At the broader end is a small room, the roof still remaining, supported by a square pillar. In this room are, also, many hieroglyphics, both on the walls and on the pillar, and also images like those of the ancient Egyptians, and architectural designs similar to the drawings made by Norden in Upper Egypt."

"All the tombstones with the hieroglyphics and images are of a fine, hard sandstone. I copied three of the inscriptions. Are not these the graves of the people that lusted, mentioned in the fourth book of Moses, xi., 34?"

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How does it happen that Palmer does not meation these inscriptions? He speaks only of stores and stone heaps at Erweis el Ebeirig, but not a word about these sculptured stones and inscriptions, which were seen only a few years ago by Kobinson, who says there were about fifteen upright and several fallen stones, covered with Egyptian hieroglyphics, varying from seven to ten feet in height, by eighteen inches to two feet broad. He saw, also, the small chamber with the roof still perfect, the column and sides covered with hieroglyphics, and mentions the wonderful preservation of the inscriptions." On some of the stones "they are quite perfect." Forster, in his Sinai Photographed," folio, London, 1862, has copied Niebuhr's plates, and gives translations of the hieroglyphical inscriptions. It is the fashion (but I am happy to say that Shepperd, in his very interesting work, "Traditions of Eden," does not follow it,) to decry Forster's work and Palmer is among the detraetors. Can it be on that account that he has omitted all mention of these wonderful inscriptions (nearly a thousand years older than the Moabite stone), which Niebuhr engraved a century ago, and which Robinson says are still perfect, and which are undoubtedly the tombstones of those Israelites who lusted for flesh, and perished in the wilderness.

B. H. D.

THE

CANADIAN MONTHLY

AND NATIONAL REVIEW.

VOL. 2.]

SEPTEMBER, 1872.

[No. 3.

"H

CLIVE WESTON'S WEDDING ANNIVERSARY.

CHAPTER VI.

BY MRS. LEPROHON.

(Concluded.)

Ow does Mrs. Weston feel today?" enquired Captain Dacre, as he seated himself on a low ottoman beside her.

"Like the weather out of sorts; but what brings Captain Dacre out this shockingly wet morning?"

"What brings him out in all seasons and at all times to Weston Villa?" questioned the new-comer in a low, earnest tone.

"To kill time, I suppose," rejoined Virginia, barely disguising a yawn. "I would go out myself this morning in the rain if I thought doing so would answer such a purpose."

"Can Mrs. Weston make no better guess than that ?" The speaker's tone was low and hurried, unlike his usual languid accents; but Virginia in perfect unconsciousness replied:

"Ah yes, how stupid I am! Of course, Captain Dacre, I know and appreciate the motive that brings you to us so often."

"Are you certain that you really know it, Mrs. Weston ?" he eagerly, yet hesitatingly, asked.

I am a

"Long since, Captain Dacre. more shrewd observer than you seem to give me credit for being. Since the first evening we were introduced I have suspected it, and would indeed have been disappointed had it been otherwise. Few women possess the beauty and fascination of Miss Maberly."

"Miss Maberly!" he ejaculated, in a tone the strangeness of which caused her to raise her eyes quickly to his face. Something in the expression she saw there brought a tide of crimson to cheek and forehead, and a strange light into her eyes, but she coldly, calmly rejoined:

"Who else could it be? For months

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